AAAS Final Flashcards
When did racial slavery take root?
1640-John Punch
Makes slavery inheritable by the mother
Bacon’s Rebellion
1676 Nathaniel Bacon and group of others go to take land they were promised. They attack the colonies and the militia puts down the rebellion. It sharpened the distinction between slave and servant, and demonstrated the dangers of importing white male indentured servants.
Development of Slavery in the Chesapeake
Chesapeake initially relied heavily on indentured servitude. After 1640 racial slavery began to take root. Slavery presented economic advantages. 1680-1750 population goes from 7% to 44%. Tobacco was the staple crop,
Slavery in the Carolinas
Rice was the staple crop and the Carolinas were created knowing they would use slave labor. Laborers worked under a task system. Barbadian slave code discouraged runaways.
Slavery in New England
No staple crop because land wasn’t fertile for growing.Slavery grew modestly there and remained a secondary market.
Slavery in the Middle Atlantic
Settle pioneered by the Dutch (New Netherland); seized by England and becomes New York. Half-Freedom existed here.
Stono Rebellion
September 9, 1739 slaves gather at Stono River in South Carolina to revolt; 20 whites killed/40 blacks killed. As a result the 1740 Negro Act was passed and black freedoms became less and less.
1619-1640
1676
1740-1790
Charter Generation
Plantation Generation
Move from Africans to African Americans
Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation
Issued in 1775 Lord Dunmore’s Proclamation was used to get slaves to join the loyalist (British) side of the Revolution by promising freedom to those who would join. The petition was reworded to take all Negroes, Indentured servants, and slaves who belonged to rebels for fear of alienating loyalists.
Great Awakening
Began in New England in the mid 1730a and spread south during the Revolutionary Era. It was a movement that attracted many slaves because of the emotional sermons about freedom in God. It fostered the education, conversion and eventual manumission of slaves.
Isabella Baumfree
aka Sojourner Truth sued for her freedom and later won her son’s freedom through
Gabriel’s Rebellion
1800 led a plot to overturn slavery in Richmond, VA. He was inspired by the Haitian Revolution, he formed a group of a possible 1000 conspirators. His plot collapsed when 2 slaves told his plan to slaveholders. Word of the rebellion inspired fear in whites.
Post-Revolutionary slavery
Slavery became even more entrenched after the Revolutionary War. The growth of plantation agriculture and cotton gave rise to more economic advantages in the South.
Paul Cuffee
1815 takes 38 blacks to Sierra Leone to colonize. It fails. This was the beginning of colonization becoming a major white led initiative. ACS becomes involved and many whites were trying to rid the country of blacks (esp. free blacks) who they thought were a bad influence on slaves.
Missouri Compromise
1820- debate over admitting Missouri as a free or slave state. It added the free state of Maine and the slave state of Missouri. Outlawed slavery North of 36,30 and shored up slavery in the South. Invalidates the Northwest Ordinance.
Slave trade between 1820-1860
It was a domestic slave trade in which slaves from the Upper south region were moved to the Lower South
Denmark Vesey
Denmark Vesey was a preacher who began planning a plot to rebel in 1820 in Charleston. He spent a year recruiting members for the rebellion but less than a month before the revolt 2 individuals sold him out. He was hanged on July 2, 1822. In its aftermath, Charleston slave owners moved fast to restrict the autonomy of the slaves.
David Walker
a militant black abolitionist who moved to Boston and detested the ACS. He sheltered slaves, was a contributor to the 1st black newspaper (Freedom’s Journal) and published a manifesto (Walker’s Appeal) in 1829. He advocated slave violence and emancipation rather than colonization. He was found dead in his doorway in June 1830
Nat Turner’s Rebellion
Nat Turner was a slave preacher who on August 31, 1831 led a bloody rebellion in Southampton County, VA. Him and a band of other blacks killed 60 whites in their homes while sleeping, sparing no one. It terrified whites across the South. VA slave codes barred free blacks from preaching or attending religious meetings. Colonization was revisited.
