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etimologías > aaaaa > Flashcards

aaaaa Flashcards

1
Q

Lenguas monosilábicas

A

Sus raíces no varían ni se conjugan, ni se declinan, cada sílaba tiene un significado (generalmente tienen un significado propio) para hacer oraciones completas; cada sílaba tiene una función gramátical

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2
Q

Lenguas aglutinantes

A

Agrupan dos o más palabras, o yuxtapone raíces dando como resultado una palabra-frase

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3
Q

Lenguas flexivas

A

Sus palabras constan de una raíz y se le añaden otros elementos de flexión como género, número, caso, modo, tiempo, persona, etc.

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4
Q

Caso nominativo

A

Sirve para indicar quién realiza la acción del verbo [el maestro]

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5
Q

Caso genitivo

A

Sirve para indicar quién realiza la acción del verbo [del maestro]

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6
Q

Caso dativo

A

Expresa el daño o provecho en quién recae la acción del verbo, lleva “a” o “para” [al maestro para el maestro]

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7
Q

Caso acusativo

A

Es lo que recae la acción del verbo transitivo. Lleva “a” cuando se trata de personas [quita “al maestro”]

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8
Q

Raíz

A

Es el elemento imprescindible de una palabra, contiene el significado fundamental de la misma

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9
Q

Prefijos

A

Partículas de la palabra que van antes de la raíz [trans-, in-, con-, re-]

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10
Q

Sufijos

A

Partículas de las palabras que van después de la raíz [indica caso, género, declinación, etc.]

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11
Q

Cambio fonético

A

Son las variaciones de sonido que sufren algunas palabras

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12
Q

Cambio semántico

A

Son las modificaciones de significado que sufren las palabras

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13
Q

Cambio morfológico

A

Son los cambios de forma o estructura que sufren las palabras

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14
Q

¿Qué son las etimologías?

A

Es el verdadero significado de las palabras tomando en cuenta su origen

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15
Q

¿Por qué el español se considera un idioma romance?

A

Porque deriva del latín debido a la conquista del antiguo Imperio Romano

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16
Q

¿Por qué el español tiene tanta influencia del latín?

A

Porque se deriva de un amalgama del latín vulgar y los dialectos de costilla. Este contacto existió por razones tanto geográficas como políticas y comerciales

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17
Q

Influencias de algunos idiomas en el español

A

El árabe tuvo contacto con el español gracias a la invasión de Europa por parte de los árabes, haciendo que se adaptaran palabras de ese origen. El hebreo se difundió por cuestiones religiosas y el español, sobre todo el de Hispanoamérica, adopta palabras de las lenguas americanas gracias a las colonias americanas que pertenecían a Europa

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18
Q

¿Por qué en el cambio del latín al español algunas palabras sufrieron más cambios que otras?

A

En tiempos antiguos existían diferentes tipos de latín. El latín vulgar, el cual lo hablaban campesinos y ejércitos, estaba en contacto constante con otras lenguas y fue el que más cambios sufrió. También existió el latín para la literatura y poesía, utilizado por personas de clases más altas y este no estuvo en contacto con otras lenguas, por lo que no cambió mucho. Por último, el latín técnico, utilizado mayormente por científicos y políticos que ahora lo encontramos en forma de términos pertenecientes a ciertas áreas de estudio y los cuáles no han sufrido cambio alguno

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19
Q

GRIEGO

acción

A

πρᾶξις

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20
Q

agua

A

ὕδωρ

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21
Q

ala

A

πτερόν

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22
Q

alma

A

ψυχή

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23
Q

alrededor

A

περι

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24
Q

amor

A

ἀγάπη

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25
Q

anciano

A

πρεσβύτης

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26
Q

andar

A

βαίνω

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27
Q

animal

A

ζῷον

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28
Q

apetito

A

ὄρεξις

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29
Q

asiento

A

εδρα

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30
Q

audición

A

ἀκoνσις

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31
Q

cabeza

A

κεφαλή

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32
Q

cadáver

A

νεκρός

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33
Q

cambio

A

μεταβολή

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34
Q

camino

A

ὁδός

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35
Q

campo

A

ἀγρός

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36
Q

canto

A

ᾠδή

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37
Q

carne

A

κρεας

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38
Q

carrera

A

δρόμος

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39
Q

círculo

A

κύκλος

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40
Q

clima

A

κλίμα

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41
Q

comer

A

τρωω

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42
Q

conforme

A

σύμμορφος

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43
Q

conocimiento

A

γνῶσις

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44
Q

considerar

A

ηγεμαι

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45
Q

contra

A

αντι

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46
Q

corazón

A

καρδία

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47
Q

cortar

A

κοπτω

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48
Q

corte

A

τομή

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49
Q

crecer

A

φνω

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50
Q

curar

A

ἰάομαι

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51
Q

dar

A

δίδωμι

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52
Q

decir

A

φερω

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53
Q

decretar

A

διατάσσω

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54
Q

dedo

A

δάκτυλος

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55
Q

dias

A

ἡμέρα

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56
Q

dios

A

θεός

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57
Q

distinguir

A

κρινω

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58
Q

división

A

τομη

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59
Q

dormir

A

καθεύδω

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60
Q

enseñar

A

διδάσκω

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61
Q

entorpecer

A

ἐμποδίζω

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62
Q

enviar

A

πέμπω

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63
Q

escoger

A

ἐκλέγω

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64
Q

esfera

A

σφαῖρα

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65
Q

espíritu

A

πνεῦμα

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66
Q

estar

A

εἰμί

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67
Q

examinar

A

ἐξετάζω

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68
Q

excavación

A

ἔκσκαψις

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69
Q

experiencia

A

ενηγεομαι

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70
Q

fábula

A

μῦθος

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71
Q

familia

A

οἶκος

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72
Q

felicidad

A

εὐδαιμονία

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73
Q

forma

A

μορφή

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74
Q

fuego

A

πῦρ

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75
Q

gobierno

A

ἀρχή

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76
Q

grande

A

μέγας

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77
Q

historia

A

ἱστορία

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78
Q

hombre

A

ἄνθρωπος

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79
Q

hora

A

ὥρα

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80
Q

hueso

A

ὀστέον

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81
Q

iniciado en los misterios

A

μύστης τῶν μυστηρίων

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82
Q

junto a

A

παρά

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83
Q

juramento

A

ὅρκος

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84
Q

lanzar

A

βάλλω

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85
Q

leche

A

γάλα

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86
Q

lejos

A

μακράν

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87
Q

lengua

A

γλῶσσα

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88
Q

letra

A

γράμμα

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89
Q

ley

A

νόμος

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90
Q

libro

A

βίβλος

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91
Q

llevar

A

φέρω

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92
Q

lugar

A

τόπος

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93
Q

luz

A

φῶς

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94
Q

madre

A

μήτηρ

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95
Q

mama

A

μάμμα

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96
Q

matrimonio

A

γάμος

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97
Q

medicina

A

ἰατρική

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98
Q

medida

A

μέτρον

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99
Q

memoria

A

μνήμη

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100
Q

mostrar

A

δείκνυμι

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101
Q

mucho

A

πολύς

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102
Q

mujer

A

γυνή

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103
Q

naturaleza

A

φύσις

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104
Q

niño

A

παιδίον

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105
Q

hombre

A

ἄνθρωπος

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106
Q

noticia

A

ἀγγελία

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107
Q

numero

A

ἀριθμός

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108
Q

nutrición

A

διατροφή

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109
Q

ojo

A

ὀφθαλμός

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110
Q

omitir

A

παραλείπω

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111
Q

opinión

A

δόξα

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112
Q

orden

A

τάξις

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113
Q

palabra

A

λόγος

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114
Q

paz

A

εἰρήνη

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115
Q

pequeño

A

μικρός

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116
Q

pie

A

πούς

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117
Q

piel

A

δέρμα

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118
Q

placer

A

ἡδονή

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119
Q

piloto

A

πλοηγός

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120
Q

poner

A

ἵστημι

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121
Q

posición

A

θέσις

122
Q

prostituta

A

Πορνὴ

123
Q

pueblo

A

δῆμος

124
Q

respirar

A

πνέω

125
Q

robar

A

κλέπτω

126
Q

sabiduría

A

σοφία

127
Q

sagrado

A

ἱερός

128
Q

sangre

A

αἷμα

129
Q

santo

A

ἅγιος

130
Q

sensación

A

αἴσθησις

131
Q

sentimiento

A

πάθος

132
Q

sepulcro

A

τάφος

133
Q

sol

A

ἥλιος

134
Q

sonido

A

φωνή

135
Q

sueño

A

ὕπνος

136
Q

sumergir

A

βαπτίζω

137
Q

teatro

A

θέατρον

138
Q

tiempo

A

χρόνος

139
Q

tono

A

τόνος

140
Q

veneración

A

προσκυνέω

141
Q

ver

A

ὁράω

142
Q

discurso

A

λόγος

143
Q

vida

A

βιος

144
Q

vino

A

οἶνος

145
Q

voluntad

A

θέλημα

146
Q

voz

A

φωνή

147
Q

yo

A

ἐγώ

148
Q

Acus, us

A

Aguja

149
Q

Aestas, aestatis

A

Verano

150
Q

Aetas, aetatis

A

Edad

151
Q

Aevum, i

A

Eternidad, tiempo

152
Q

Agnus, i

A

Cordero

153
Q

Agricola, ae

A

Agricultor

154
Q

Alea, aleae

A

suerte

155
Q

Angulus, i

A

ángulo

156
Q

Anima, ae

A

Alma

157
Q

Annus, i

A

Año

158
Q

Aqua, ae

A

Agua

159
Q

Ara, ae

A

Altar

160
Q

Arcus, us

A

Arco

161
Q

Argentum, i

A

Plata

162
Q

Ars, artis

A

Arte

163
Q

Artus, us

A

arco

164
Q

Argentum, i

A

plata

165
Q

Auris, auris

A

Oído

166
Q

Aurum, i

A

Oro

167
Q

Avis, avis

A

Ave

168
Q

Balneum, i

A

Baño

169
Q

Bellum, i

A

Guerra

170
Q

Calor, caloris

A

Calor

171
Q

Campus, i

A

Campo

172
Q

Capillus, i

A

Cabello

173
Q

Caro, carnis

A

Carne

174
Q

Causa, ae

A

causa, motivo

175
Q

Cervus, i

A

Ciervo

176
Q

Circus, i

A

Circo

177
Q

Civis, civis

A

Ciudadano

178
Q

Coelum, i

A

Cielo

179
Q

Collum, i

A

Cuello

180
Q

Cor, cordis

A

Corazón

181
Q

Cornu, us

A

Cuerno

182
Q

Corona, ae

A

Corona

183
Q

Corpus, corporis

A

Cuerpo

184
Q

Crimen, criminis

A

Crimen, acusación

185
Q

Cruor, cruoris

A

Sangre

186
Q

Culpa, ae

A

Culpa

187
Q

Cura, ae

A

Cuidado, preocupación

188
Q

Currus, us

A

Carro

189
Q

Cursus, us

A

Carrera, curso

190
Q

Damnum, i

A

Daño, pérdida

191
Q

Dens, dentis

A

Diente

192
Q

Deus, i

A

Dios

193
Q

Dies, ei

A

Día

194
Q

Digitus, i

A

Dedo

195
Q

Dolus, i

A

Engaño

196
Q

Domina, ae

A

Señora

197
Q

Dominus, i

A

Señor

198
Q

Domus, us

A

Casa

199
Q

Effigies, ei

A

Imagen

200
Q

Epistola, ae

A

Carta

201
Q

Equus, i

A

Caballo

202
Q

Facies, ei

A

Cara, rostro

203
Q

Fama, ae

A

Fama, reputación

204
Q

Fames, famis

A

Hambre

205
Q

Femina, ae

A

Mujer

206
Q

Fera, ae

A

Bestia, fiera

207
Q

Ficus, i

A

higo

208
Q

Fides, ei

A

Fe, confianza

209
Q

Filius, ii

A

Hijo

210
Q

Filum, i

A

Hilo

211
Q

Finis, finis

A

Fin, límite

212
Q

Flos, floris

A

Flor

213
Q

Folium, i

A

Hoja

214
Q

Forma, ae

A

Forma, figura

215
Q

Fortuna, ae

A

Fortuna, suerte

216
Q

Frater, fratris

A

Hermano

217
Q

Fraus, fraudis

A

Fraude, engaño

218
Q

Frigus, frigoris

A

Frío

219
Q

Frons, frontis

A

Frente

220
Q

Frux, frugis

A

Fruto, cosecha

221
Q

Fumus, i

A

Humo

222
Q

Funus, funeris

A

Funeral, entierro

223
Q

Gelu, gelus

A

Hielo

224
Q

Gens, gentis

A

Raza, clan

225
Q

Genus, generis

A

Género, tipo

226
Q

Glacies, ei

A

Hielo

227
Q

Gladius, ii

A

Espada

228
Q

Gradus, us

A

escalón

229
Q

Grex, gregis

A

Rebaño, grupo

230
Q

herba, ae

A

Hierba

231
Q

homo, hominis

A

Hombre, ser humano

232
Q

hostis, hostis

A

Enemigo

233
Q

humus, i

A

Suelo, tierra

234
Q

ignis, ignis

A

Fuego

235
Q

imago, imaginis

A

Imagen

236
Q

imperator, imperatoris

A

Emperador, comandante

237
Q

infernus, i

A

Infierno

238
Q

jugum, i

A

Yugo

239
Q

jus, juris

A

Derecho, ley

240
Q

labor, laboris

A

Trabajo, esfuerzo

241
Q

lapis, lapidis

A

Piedra

242
Q

latus, lateris

A

Lado, costado

243
Q

laurus, i

A

Laurel

244
Q

laus, laudis

A

Alabanza

245
Q

leo, leonis

A

León

246
Q

lex, legis

A

Ley

247
Q

lingua, ae

A

Lengua, idioma

248
Q

littera, ae

A

letra, lo escrito

249
Q

locus, i

A

Lugar

250
Q

luna, ae

A

Luna

251
Q

ludus, i

A

Juego

252
Q

lumen, luminis

A

Luz

253
Q

lupus, i

A

Lobo

254
Q

lux, lucis

A

Luz

255
Q

magistra, ae

A

Maestra

256
Q

manus, us

A

Mano

257
Q

mare, maris

A

Mar

258
Q

mater, matris

A

Madre

259
Q

mens, mentis

A

Mente

260
Q

mensa, ae

A

Mesa

261
Q

modus, i

A

Modo, medida

262
Q

mons, montis

A

Monte, montaña

263
Q

mora, ae

A

Demora

264
Q

mors, mortis

A

Muerte

265
Q

mos, moris

A

Costumbre

266
Q

mulier, mulieris

A

Mujer

267
Q

mus, muris

A

ratón

268
Q

nata, ae

A

Hija

269
Q

nomen, nominis

A

Nombre

270
Q

nox, noctis

A

Noche

271
Q

nubes, nubis

A

Nube

272
Q

onus, oneris

A

Carga, peso

273
Q

opus, operis

A

Obra, trabajo

274
Q

Ordo, ordinis

A

Orden

275
Q

Os, oris

A

Boca

276
Q

Os, ossis

A

Hueso

277
Q

Pars, partis

A

Parte

278
Q

Pater, patris

A

Padre

279
Q

Pes, pedis

A

Pie

280
Q

Plebes, plebis

A

pueblo

281
Q

Populus, i

A

Pueblo

282
Q

Puella, ae

A

Niña, muchacha

283
Q

Res, rei

A

Cosa, asunto

284
Q

Rex, regis

A

Rey

285
Q

Rivus, i

A

Arroyo, río pequeño

286
Q

Robur, roboris

A

Roble, fuerza

287
Q

Rota, ae

A

Rueda

288
Q

Sagitta, ae

A

Flecha

289
Q

Schola, ae

A

Escuela

290
Q

Sella, ae

A

Silla

291
Q

Serva, ae

A

Sierva, esclava

292
Q

Servus, i

A

Siervo, esclavo

293
Q

Signum, i

A

Señal, signo

294
Q

Silva, ae

A

Bosque, selva

295
Q

Sinus, us

A

Seno, pliegue

296
Q

Sors, sortis

A

Suerte, destino

297
Q

Spes, spei

A

Esperanza

298
Q

Tabula, ae

A

Tabla

299
Q

Taurus, i

A

Toro

300
Q

Tempus, temporis

A

Tiempo

301
Q

tergum, i

A

espalda

302
Q

terra, ae

A

Tierra

etimologías (1 decks)

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