AA&AL Study Guide Flashcards
What are atoms?
The tiny pieces that all matter is made of.
Define characteristic property.
A chemical or physical property that helps identify and classify substances.
What are physical properties?
A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical identity of a substance.
Define chemical properties.
A characteristic that can be measured or observed only when matter undergoes a change to become an entirely different kind of matter.
What are the components of an atom?
Protons, electrons, and neutrons.
What does the atomic number represent?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
In a neutral atom, what is true about the number of protons and electrons?
The number of protons equals the number of electrons.
What is a proton?
A positively charged particle inside the nucleus.
What is a neutron?
A neutral particle inside the nucleus.
What is an electron?
A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus.
Define elements.
Substances that cannot be broken down any further by chemical means.
What is the Periodic Table?
The arrangement of elements by increasing atomic number and similar properties.
List the major categories of elements.
- Metals
- Non-metals
- Metalloids
What are the properties of metals?
- Lustrous
- Malleable
- Good conductors of heat and electricity
What does lustrous mean?
Shiny or reflective of light.
Define malleable.
Capable of being shaped.
What does being a good conductor mean?
Being able to allow electricity and heat to flow through.
What are non-metals?
Elements that do not share the properties of metals.
What are metalloids?
Elements that share some, but not all the properties of metals.
What is matter composed of?
Atoms.
Who is known as the Father of the Periodic Table?
Dmitri Mendeleev.
How did Mendeleev organize the elements?
By properties and atomic number.
What did Mendeleev predict?
The existence of several unknown elements.
How many known elements are there?
118 known elements.
