Aa

Question 1

SOIL RESOURCES

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• A Horizon (Topsoil) is the layer of soil that contains the highest amount of organic matter

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and is crucial for plant growth.

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• The process in which water moves down through the soil

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taking with it dissolved minerals

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and nutrients

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is known as leaching.

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• Clay refers to the smallest particle size in soil

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with a diameter of less than 0.002 millimeters.

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• Laterization is the soil-forming process that occurs in humid tropical climates and results in

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iron-rich

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reddish soils.

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• A dense layer of soil that restricts root growth and water movement is called hardpan.

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• Gravitational water is a type of water that moves freely through soil due to gravity but is

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not typically available to p.

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• The vertical cross-section of soil from the surface down to the parent material is known as

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a soil profile.

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• Salinization refers to the accumulation of salts in soil

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often occurring in arid and semi-arid

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regions.

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• The organic component of soil

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formed from the decomposition of plant and animal

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matter

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is called humus.

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• The acidity or alkalinity of soil is measured using the pH scale.

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Soil structure is the term for soil particles clumping into distinct shapes or structures.

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A type of soil that has a pH level below 7 is classified as acidic.

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The process by which soil becomes more mature and develops distinct horizons over time

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is known as soil development.

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• Hygroscopic water is tightly bound to soil particles and cannot be accessed by plants.

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• The breakdown of rocks into smaller fragments through physical

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chemical

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processes is called weathering.

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Multiple Choice: Soil Resources

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Which component of soil is responsible for providing nutrients and retaining moisture?

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A. Inorganic materials

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B. Organic matter

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C. Soil air

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D. Bedrock

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What term refers to water that moves through soil due to gravity but is not available to

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plants?

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A. Hygroscopic water

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B. Capillary water

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C. Gravitational water

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D. Surface water

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What is the pH range of acidic soils?

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A. 0-7

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B. 7-14

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C. Exactly 7

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D. 6-8