A4A-Architecture Flashcards
Pierre Vignon (French)
La Madeleine (Paris), 1807-1842
Architecture
Neoclassicism
Napoleon constructed La Madeleine as a “temple of glory” for his armies. Based on ancient temples in France, Vignon’s Neoclassical design linked the Napoleonic and the Roman emprires. (A4A.27-3)
John Nash (British)
Royal Pavilion (Brighton, England), 1815-1818
Architecture
“Indian Gothic”
British territorial expansion brough a familiarity with many exotic styles. This palatial “Indian Gothic” seaside pavillion is a conglomeration of Islamic domes, minarets, and screens. (A4A.27-44)
Karl Friedrich Schinkel (German)
Atles Museum (Berlin), 1822-1830
Architecture
Neoclassicism
Schinkel conceived the first public art museum in Europe as a Neoclassical “temple of culture”. The Atles Museum’s facade of 18 Ionic columns resembles an anciet Greek stoa. (A4A.27-42)
Charles Barry and Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (English)
Houses of Parliament (London), designed 1835
Architecture
Neo-Gothic
During the 19th century, architects revived many historical styles, often reflecting nationalistic pride. The Houses of Parliament have an exterior veneer and towers that recall English Late Gothic style. (A4A.27-43)
Richard Upjohn (English)
Trinity Church (New York), 1841-1852
Architecture
Neo-Gothic
Example of Gothic revival during the time period. (A4A.27-43A)
Henri Labrouste (French)
Bibliothéque Sainte-Geneviéve (Paris), 1843-1850
Architecture
Renaissance features, with modern cast-iron construction
The exterior of this Parisian library looks like a reaissance palazzo, but the interior has an exposed cast-iron skeelton, which still incorporates classical Corinthian capitals and Renaissance scrolls. (A4A.27-46)
Joseph Paxton (English)
Crystal Palace (London), 1850-1851
Architecture
Victorian (?)
The tensile strength of iron enable Paxton to experiment with a new system of glass and metal roof construction. Constructed of prefabricated parts, the Crystal Palace required only six months to build.
The structure was enlarged and relocated at Sydenham, England from 1852-1854, befroe being destroyed in a fire in 1936. (A4A.27-47)
Charles Garnier (French)
Opéra** or **Palais Garnier (Paris), 1861-1874
Architecture
Neo-Baroque (Beaux-Arts)
For Paris’s opera house, Garnier chose a festive and spectacularly theatrical Neo-Baroque facade well suited to a gathering place for fashionable audiences in an age of conspicuous wealth. (A4A.27-45)
John Augustus Roebling (German-born American)
Brooklyn Bridge, 1867-1883
Architecture
Gothic and Egyptian influences
Roebling combined the latest steel technology with motifs from Gothic and Egyptian architecture. (A4A.27-46A)
