A22 Definitions Flashcards
What is a field of force?
A field of force is a region of space within which objects with a particular property experience a force.
What is a gravitational field?
A gravitational field is a region of space within which a mass will experience a force.
What does Newton’s law of Universal Gravitation state?
Between every two point masses, there exists an attractive gravitational force which is directly proportional to the mass of each and is inversely proportional to the square of their separation.
What is Gravitational Field Strength (g)?
The Gravitational Field Strength (g) at a point is equal to the force which would be produced on a test mass of 1 kg at that point.
What does the direction of a gravitational field line indicate?
The direction of a gravitational field line at a point shows the direction of the gravitational force on a mass of 1kg at that point.
What is Kepler’s third law?
Kepler’s third law is expressed as T = a r³.
What is an electrical field?
An electrical field is a region of space within which a charge will experience a force.
What does Coulomb’s law state?
Between every two point charges, there exists an electrical force which is directly proportional to the charge on each and is inversely proportional to the square of their separation.
What is the purpose of & in the equation F = Q,Q²/4πε₀r²?
The purpose of & is to ensure the units are correct for each side of the equation and to fit properties to the medium.
What is electric field strength (E)?
The electric field strength E, at a point is the force that would be produced on a test charge of +1 C at that point.
What is a capacitor?
A capacitor is an electrical component that can store energy in the electric field between a pair of metal plates separated by an insulator.
How is capacitance defined?
Capacitance is defined as the charge stored per volt.
What is the time constant?
The time constant is the time taken for the charge (voltage) on the capacitor to fall to 37% of its initial value.
What is a magnetic field?
A magnetic field is a region of space around a magnet or a current-carrying conductor where a magnetic material or another current-carrying conductor experiences a force.
What is magnetic flux density?
Magnetic flux density is the force that would act on a 1m conductor carrying a current of 1A at right angles to a magnetic field.
What is the force exerted by a magnetic field of flux density 1T on a current carrying length of 1m when the current is 1A?
It will exert a force of 1N when the current and magnetic field directions are perpendicular to each other.
What does magnetic flux Ф represent?
It represents the total number of magnetic flux lines that pass at 90° through a given area.
What is 1 Wb in terms of magnetic flux?
1 Wb is the magnetic flux linking a 1 turn coil that produces 1V per second.
What is electromagnetic induction?
It is the production of an e.m.f. across a conductor, such as a coil, placed in a changing magnetic field or by moving it through a magnetic field.
What does Faraday’s Law state?
The magnitude of the induced e.m.f. is equal to the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage.
What does Lenz’s Law state?
The direction of the induced current is such that it opposes the change in the magnetic flux that is producing it.
What is the relationship between antiparticles and their associated particles?
Antiparticles have the same mass as their associated particle but have opposite charges (spin).
What is the difference between matter and antimatter?
Matter is made up of particles while antimatter is made up of antiparticles.
