A2.2

Question 1

Base Peak

Answer 1

Peak of greatest abundance in a mass spectrum.

Question 2

Molecular Ion Peak

Answer 2

A peak produced by an ion formed by the removal of one electron from a molecule.

Question 3

M+1 Peak

Answer 3

A peak produced by a molecular ion with an increased mass due to the presence of one carbon-13.

Question 4

Fragmentation Ion

Answer 4

A positively charged ion produced when the molecular ion breaks apart.

Question 5

Low Resolution NMR

Answer 5

A spectrum which does not show the spin-spin splitting pattern.

Question 6

High Resolution NMR

Answer 6

A spectrum which shows the spin-spin splitting pattern.

Question 7

Doublet

Answer 7

A signal which appears as a pair of lines of equal intensity.

Question 8

Triplet

Answer 8

A signal which appears as three lines in the approximate intensity ratio (1:2:1)

Question 9

Quartet

Answer 9

A signal which appears as 4 lines in the approximate intensity ratio (1:3:3:1)

Question 10

Back Titration

Answer 10

Method where an excess of a reagent is reacted with a sample. The unreacted reagent is then determined by titration.

Question 11

Rf Values

Answer 11

Rf= distance moved by spot/distance moved by solvent

Question 12

Transition Metal

Answer 12

An element which forms at least one stable ion with a partially filled d-subshell.

Question 13

Complex

Answer 13

A central metal atom or ion with ligands bonded by co-ordinate bonds.

Question 14

Ligand

Answer 14

An ion or molecule with a lone pair of electrons which forms a co-ordinate bond with a central metal atom or ion in a complex.

Question 15

Co-Ordination Number

Answer 15

The number of co-ordinate bonds to a central metal atom or ion in a complex.

Question 16

Monodentate

Answer 16

A ligand which uses only one pair of electrons to form a co-ordinate bond with a central metal atom or ion in a complex.

Question 17

Bidentate

Answer 17

A ligand which uses two lone pairs of electrons to form two co-ordinate bonds with a central metal atom or ion in a complex.

Question 18

Polydentate

Answer 18

A ligand which uses many lone pairs of electrons to form more than two co-ordinate bonds with a central metal atom or ion in a complex.

Question 19

Standard Electrode Potential

Answer 19

The potential difference measured when a half-cell is connected to the standard hydrogen electrode under standard conditions.

Question 20

emf

Answer 20

The potential difference measured when two half-cells are connected.

Question 21

Primary Amine

Answer 21

Only one carbon directly bonded to the N atom, so has the -NH2 group.

Question 22

Secondary Amine

Answer 22

Two carbon atoms directly bonded to the N atom.

Question 23

Tertiary Amine

Answer 23

Three carbon atoms directly bonded to the N atom.

Question 24

Dehydration of Amides

Answer 24

A reaction which involves the elimination of water from the amide.

Question 25

Zwitterions

Answer 25

Ions which have a permanent positive and negative charge but are neutral overall.

Question 26

Primary Protein

Answer 26

Sequence of amino acids joined by peptide links in the chain.

Question 27

Secondary Protein

Answer 27

Twisting/coiling of the chain to form a B-pleated sheet/a-helix by intramolecular hydrogen bonding.

Question 28

Tertiary Protein

Answer 28

Bending/folding of the secondary structure to give a precise 3D shape held together by hydrogen bonding, disulfide bridges, ionic interactions, vdW.

Question 29

Enzyme

Answer 29

A protein which is a biological catalyst.

Question 30

Condensation polymers

Answer 30

Polymers formed by the elimination of small molecules such as H2O or HCl when monomers bond together.

Question 31

Biodegradable Polymer

Answer 31

A polymer which can be hydrolysed by the action of micro-organisms.

Question 32

DNA Replication

Answer 32

The process by which a double stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.

Question 33

Sequestering

Answer 33

The formation of a complex so that an ion is no longer available for reactions.