A2 - Software Flashcards
Operating System
A software program to manage and operate a computing device.
Real-Time Operating System (RTOS)
A system that must respond to requests and process data instantly.
Processes are executed one by one.
EX) Aircraft, Automobiles, Automatic Systems.
Single - User (Single Task)
Designed to only be used by one user (Single applications)
EX) Older mobile phones such as PALM OS
Single-User (Multi-Tasking)
Designed to only be used by one user (Multi applications) EX) Windows 10, Mac OSX, Android - Smartphones, - Tablets - Laptops - Desktops
Multi-User
To have several people use the computer system at the same time.
EX) UNIX, Windows Server
Networking
Connecting to the internet
EX) Utility programs - Traceroute, IP config, Ping
Security
Provides : User authentication Backup Restore programs Firewalls Anti-virus program
(Modes) Kernel, Kernel Mode and User Mode
Kernel - Core of the operating system
Kernel Mode - CPU starts in this mode.
Certain instructions can run in kernel
mode.
User Mode - CPU cannot directly access hardware.
(Memory Management) Paging
The operating system assigns applications to virtual memory.
(File System) FAT32, exFAT, NTFS
FAT32 - Flash drives + Solid State Drives
exFAT - For portable storage devices
NTFS - Used by Windows
(Device Drivers) Translator
Converts the instructions from peripheral to instructions.
Programme execution
Loads the software
Allocates resources
Terminates upon completion
Interrupts
Allows components such as the mouse to request services by the CPU
Modes
Switch between user mode and kernel mode.
To run low-level code such as reading from the memory.
Multi-Tasking
Ensure that resources are allocated to allow several things to work at once.
