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Product design > A2 Mock Exam > Flashcards

A2 Mock Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Properties of Carbon fibre

A
  • high tensile strength
  • strong for its size
  • x5 stronger than steel
  • 1/5 of the weight of steel
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2
Q

Properties of fibre glass?

A
  • strong
  • light weight
  • fibre reinforced plastic
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3
Q

Properties of Kevlar

A
  • strength

- thermal conductivity

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4
Q

What is a composite?

A

a material made up of 2 or more materials with different chemical or psychical properties which produce a material with characteristics from the materials it is made up of

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5
Q

What are composites most commonly used in?

A
  • aeroplanes

- sport cars

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6
Q

Why do we use composites

A
  • weight saving
  • strength
  • stiffness
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7
Q

Define the term innovation?

A

using an invention or an idea and turning it into a good or service of value to customers

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8
Q

Explain 3 benefits of innovation

A
  • creates new markets in a service sector
  • new ideas can open doors to ho products are sold
  • leads to competitive markets as other companies strive to keep up with the current trends, which STOPS A STAGNANT MARKET FROM OCCURRING
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9
Q

Name an example product which has opened doors to the way we sell items?

A

A hoover, such as the dyson ball hoover as it was unlike any current product on the markey so had its own natural unique selling point (USP)

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10
Q

Define durability

A

The ability to withstand pressure and damage

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11
Q

Name a durable material

A

Acrylic

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12
Q

Define elasticity

A

the ability of a material to resume to its normal shape after being stretched

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13
Q

name an example of an material with good elasticity

A

rubber

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14
Q

what is a prototype

A

a preliminary version/model of the idea you want to manufacture

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15
Q

Suggest why prototypes are important to designers

A

they test if your idea works, how it looks and the safety issues that need to be assessed

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16
Q

suggest why prototypes are important to manufacturers

A
  • ensure that the type of production being used is appropriate
  • check faults and improvements that may need to be corrected
  • to save money by making sure there are no flaws that would limit their selling capability
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17
Q

Define density

A

the degree of compactness of a substance

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18
Q

example of a dense material

A

platinum

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19
Q

Define thermal conductivity

A

the rate at which heat passes through a material

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20
Q

example of a material with a good thermal conductivity

A

copper

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21
Q

3 examples of composites

A

Kevlar

Carbon fibre

Fibre glass

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22
Q

define lateral thinking

A

solving problems using an indirect, creative response which may not be an immediately obvious response

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23
Q

what phrase is best linked to lateral thinking

A

thinking outside the box

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24
Q

define brainstorming

A

problem solving by creating spontaneous lists of words and ideas

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25
Q

advantages of brainstorming

A

quick and easy

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26
Q

define morphological analysis

A

exploring all possible solutions to a comple problem using a grid like method

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27
Q

what is qualitative testing

A

uses peoples ideas and opinions, gathered through questionnaires and interviews and has an emphasis on understanding

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28
Q

what is quantitative testing

A

a measure of how people feel about a product or material using statistical figures and can be gathered by tally charts and presented in graphs and charts

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29
Q

what is cell production

A

a form of team work within a production line where individuals or groups of people are responsible for a certain part or job and is then assembled to complete the overall product

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30
Q

advantages of cell production for workers

A
  • job rotation (less boring)

- improved job satisfaction and motivation

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31
Q

advantages of cell production for manufacturers

A

factory space used more efficiently

  • improved quality of overall product
  • time saving which is important especially when deadline need to be met
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32
Q

what is planned obsolescence

A

planning a products life cycle to be limited so that over time it will become obsolete and unfashionable making room for new products

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33
Q

what is an example of a product with planned obsolescence

A

a mobile phone such as an iphone, as a new one comes out every September or a car such as a BMW which often is named by the year e.g. 2013 BMW so that in the next year it even sounds out dated

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34
Q

how does a product with planned obsolescence benefit consumers

A

new versions evry year, stay on trend and its a public display of affluence to have the latest technology/products

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35
Q

how does products with a planned obsolescence benefit the manufacturer/designers

A
  • more profit
  • can sell at a higher price
  • stimulates more demand for a companies products
  • innovation
  • consumers are buying multiples of their products
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36
Q

define ergonomics

A

the relationship between products and people, considders peoples force that can be applied to these products e.g. a can opener

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37
Q

define anthropometrics

A

measurements of the human body that can be applied to products to help them meet their ergonomic needs

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38
Q

what is a product champion

A

someone who sees value in a product and either develops this product further or helps promote and sell this product

39
Q

what is an entrepreneur

A

someone who sets up a business knowing the financial risk but hoping to gain profit

40
Q

explain the four stages of a products typical life cycle

A
  • introduction, seeks to build up product awareness and intellectual property protection has been obtained
  • growth, distribution increases as well as sales, peak of a products life
  • maturity, growth in sales begins to diminish as competition appears

decline, product is now old news and newer more exciting products from competitors have stollen the limelight

41
Q

what is the aesthetic properties of a product

A

the properties of a product that are pleasing to look at

42
Q

examples of aesthetic properties

A
  • shape
  • colour
  • texture
43
Q

what are some mechanical properties

A
  • strength
  • durability
  • ductility
44
Q

what are the purposes for checking aesthetic and mechanical properties

A

they assist in the evaluation of designs

45
Q

what is an iconic design

A

a design that is groundbreaking and sets a new standard in its field

46
Q

give some examples of iconic designs

A
  • Volkswagen beetle
  • coca cola bottle
  • a mini
  • sony walkman
  • electric guitar
  • ipod touch
47
Q

what is the Volkswagen beetles background history

A

the Volkswagen beetle has been in production since 1938 and was produced in Germany. It was formulated by Adolf Hitler and went on to ispire later car designs such as the fiat punto

48
Q

what is quality control

A

a set of observation techniques used to fulfil quality requirements for the customers of clients

49
Q

what is quality assurance

A

a way of preventing mistakes or defects by a systematic process involving product checks at various stages of the production line

50
Q

what is an above the line characteristic

A

a characteristic that the customer/you can see on the outside, such as the pattern, colour or brand name and logo

51
Q

what is a below the line characteristic

A

characteristics you cant see such as the mechanical workings/ function of the product

52
Q

what are the 5 stages of a risk assessment

A
  1. Identify the hazard
  2. decide who may get injured and how
  3. assess the risks and take action
  4. make a record of the findings
  5. review the risk assessment
53
Q

what is the function of a specification

A

it is vital for suppliers, producers and purchasers to agree upon all requirements and it acts as a guideline to follow and refer back to during the making process to ensure that the end result meets its purpose

54
Q

explain a one off production method

A

only produces one product, so is usually handmade

55
Q

1 disadvantage and advantage of one off production

A

its slower but the quality and uniqueness is high

56
Q

explain batch production

A

small quantity is made, likely to be a limited edition and therefore it can be sold at higher prices

57
Q

explain mass production

A

hundreds of the product are produced on production lines such as cars

58
Q

advantage and disadvantage of mass production

A

the quality can lack but it is quicker

59
Q

explain continuos production

A

continuously produces the product, 24 hours a day 7 days a week such as bricks, this maximises production and limits costs

60
Q

what does a trademark protect and how long for

A

logos and brands for 10 years

61
Q

what does a copyright protect and how long for

A

written word and 70 years

62
Q

what does a patent protect and how long for

A

inventions for 20 years

63
Q

what does a registered design protect an how long for

A

designs for industrial use and for 25 years if a fee is paid every 5 years

64
Q

what is a synthetic plastic

A

a plastic made chemically from either crude oil, coal or natural gas

65
Q

what can a natural plastic be made out of

A

plants through their cellulose
trees through their amber
animals through their horns or their milk
insects through shellac

66
Q

define the process of laser cutting

A

an intense beam of light following a design set on a computer to cut it out of the selected material

67
Q

define injection moulding

A

either injecting or pushing a hot material into a mould to produce replicas of the moulds shape

68
Q

define vacuum forming

A

placing hot plastic over a mould and extracting the air from inside so that the plastic forms the shape of the mould

69
Q

what is a rapid prototyper

A

a 3d printer

70
Q

what is solid modelling

A

an advanced form of geometric modelling using a computer, usually 3d

71
Q

what is performance modelling

A

a model focused purely on the function of the product and how it is able to work and perform

72
Q

explain what a gantt chart is for

A

visually seeing and planning time schedules to help stick to deadlines

73
Q

explain the purpose of a flow chart

A

shows a step by step guide to how a process plans out, each shape represents a different meaning e.g. diamond is a question

74
Q

what is reverse engineering

A

taking apart a product to see how it works in order to replicate or develop the object

75
Q

advantages of global manufacturing

A
  • contributes to the spread of technology
  • raw materials and equipment may be easier to access
  • cheaper to source
  • cheaper work force
  • lower taxes
  • reduces innternatioal poverty as jobs are supplied
76
Q

disadvantages of global manufacturing

A
  • expense of multi plants in various countries
  • unfair wages
  • longer delivery times
  • pollution from transportation to and from
  • language and cultural barriers
  • safety may suffer as a consequence
  • currency may differ and money may be lost in the exchange
77
Q

state what Charles Rennie Mackintosh was famous for

A

he was a Scottish designer from 1868-1928 and was famous for his mackintosh chairs in the art nouveau period, he was inspired by Japanese simplicity

78
Q

what was James Dyson famous for

A

h invented the first bagless vacuum cleaner as well as many other revolutionary vacuum cleaners such as the ball vacuum which he was inspired by his previous invention the ball barrow

79
Q

what is technology push

A

products are redesigned and improved due to new technology or materials or to keep up with competition

80
Q

what is technology pull

A

products are produced de to high demand for them from consumers

81
Q

what are the 4 P’s

A

Price
Product
Place
Promotion

and they are crucial in determining a products brand’s offer

82
Q

what is CAD

A

computer aided design

83
Q

what are the advantages or CAD

A

accurate
can save and edit files
can modify existing ideas

84
Q

what are the disadvantages of CAD

A

expensive set up cost due to the programmes
training is required to use it
requires a PC

85
Q

what is CAM

A

computer aided manufacturing

86
Q

what are the advantages of CAM

A

consistent results
accurate
quicker

87
Q

what are the disadvantages of CAM

A

expensive maintenance

training required

88
Q

name 4 finishing techniques

A
  • varnish
  • laminating
  • foil blocking
  • embossing
89
Q

what is a cultural issue

A

being aware of the fact that some colours or images can offend other cultures e.g. a cat is worshipped in egypt and in some countries the colour red is forbidden

90
Q

what is a moral issue

A

not advertising illegal habits or dangerous habits to children such as gun violence, alcohol abuse and smoking

91
Q

what is a social issue

A

an unforeseen side effect of a new product upon a group of people e.g. a mobile phone connects people easier but also means meetings in person and face to face social interaction becomes less frequent

92
Q

what is an alloy

A

a mixture of 2 elements where at least one is a metal e.g. brass = zinc+copper

93
Q

what re the BSI responsible for

A

checking British standards are met on products sold in the UK

94
Q

name 3 permanent methods of joining 2 materials

A
  • welding
  • rivets
  • soldering

Product design (2 decks)

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