A2 Mock Exam Flashcards
1
Q
Properties of Carbon fibre
A
- high tensile strength
- strong for its size
- x5 stronger than steel
- 1/5 of the weight of steel
2
Q
Properties of fibre glass?
A
- strong
- light weight
- fibre reinforced plastic
3
Q
Properties of Kevlar
A
- strength
- thermal conductivity
4
Q
What is a composite?
A
a material made up of 2 or more materials with different chemical or psychical properties which produce a material with characteristics from the materials it is made up of
5
Q
What are composites most commonly used in?
A
- aeroplanes
- sport cars
6
Q
Why do we use composites
A
- weight saving
- strength
- stiffness
7
Q
Define the term innovation?
A
using an invention or an idea and turning it into a good or service of value to customers
8
Q
Explain 3 benefits of innovation
A
- creates new markets in a service sector
- new ideas can open doors to ho products are sold
- leads to competitive markets as other companies strive to keep up with the current trends, which STOPS A STAGNANT MARKET FROM OCCURRING
9
Q
Name an example product which has opened doors to the way we sell items?
A
A hoover, such as the dyson ball hoover as it was unlike any current product on the markey so had its own natural unique selling point (USP)
10
Q
Define durability
A
The ability to withstand pressure and damage
11
Q
Name a durable material
A
Acrylic
12
Q
Define elasticity
A
the ability of a material to resume to its normal shape after being stretched
13
Q
name an example of an material with good elasticity
A
rubber
14
Q
what is a prototype
A
a preliminary version/model of the idea you want to manufacture
15
Q
Suggest why prototypes are important to designers
A
they test if your idea works, how it looks and the safety issues that need to be assessed
16
Q
suggest why prototypes are important to manufacturers
A
- ensure that the type of production being used is appropriate
- check faults and improvements that may need to be corrected
- to save money by making sure there are no flaws that would limit their selling capability
17
Q
Define density
A
the degree of compactness of a substance
18
Q
example of a dense material
A
platinum
19
Q
Define thermal conductivity
A
the rate at which heat passes through a material
20
Q
example of a material with a good thermal conductivity
A
copper
21
Q
3 examples of composites
A
Kevlar
Carbon fibre
Fibre glass
22
Q
define lateral thinking
A
solving problems using an indirect, creative response which may not be an immediately obvious response
23
Q
what phrase is best linked to lateral thinking
A
thinking outside the box
24
Q
define brainstorming
A
problem solving by creating spontaneous lists of words and ideas
25
advantages of brainstorming
quick and easy
26
define morphological analysis
exploring all possible solutions to a comple problem using a grid like method
27
what is qualitative testing
uses peoples ideas and opinions, gathered through questionnaires and interviews and has an emphasis on understanding
28
what is quantitative testing
a measure of how people feel about a product or material using statistical figures and can be gathered by tally charts and presented in graphs and charts
29
what is cell production
a form of team work within a production line where individuals or groups of people are responsible for a certain part or job and is then assembled to complete the overall product
30
advantages of cell production for workers
- job rotation (less boring)
| - improved job satisfaction and motivation
31
advantages of cell production for manufacturers
factory space used more efficiently
- improved quality of overall product
- time saving which is important especially when deadline need to be met
32
what is planned obsolescence
planning a products life cycle to be limited so that over time it will become obsolete and unfashionable making room for new products
33
what is an example of a product with planned obsolescence
a mobile phone such as an iphone, as a new one comes out every September or a car such as a BMW which often is named by the year e.g. 2013 BMW so that in the next year it even sounds out dated
34
how does a product with planned obsolescence benefit consumers
new versions evry year, stay on trend and its a public display of affluence to have the latest technology/products
35
how does products with a planned obsolescence benefit the manufacturer/designers
- more profit
- can sell at a higher price
- stimulates more demand for a companies products
- innovation
- consumers are buying multiples of their products
36
define ergonomics
the relationship between products and people, considders peoples force that can be applied to these products e.g. a can opener
37
define anthropometrics
measurements of the human body that can be applied to products to help them meet their ergonomic needs
38
what is a product champion
someone who sees value in a product and either develops this product further or helps promote and sell this product
39
what is an entrepreneur
someone who sets up a business knowing the financial risk but hoping to gain profit
40
explain the four stages of a products typical life cycle
- introduction, seeks to build up product awareness and intellectual property protection has been obtained
- growth, distribution increases as well as sales, peak of a products life
- maturity, growth in sales begins to diminish as competition appears
decline, product is now old news and newer more exciting products from competitors have stollen the limelight
41
what is the aesthetic properties of a product
the properties of a product that are pleasing to look at
42
examples of aesthetic properties
- shape
- colour
- texture
43
what are some mechanical properties
- strength
- durability
- ductility
44
what are the purposes for checking aesthetic and mechanical properties
they assist in the evaluation of designs
45
what is an iconic design
a design that is groundbreaking and sets a new standard in its field
46
give some examples of iconic designs
- Volkswagen beetle
- coca cola bottle
- a mini
- sony walkman
- electric guitar
- ipod touch
47
what is the Volkswagen beetles background history
the Volkswagen beetle has been in production since 1938 and was produced in Germany. It was formulated by Adolf Hitler and went on to ispire later car designs such as the fiat punto
48
what is quality control
a set of observation techniques used to fulfil quality requirements for the customers of clients
49
what is quality assurance
a way of preventing mistakes or defects by a systematic process involving product checks at various stages of the production line
50
what is an above the line characteristic
a characteristic that the customer/you can see on the outside, such as the pattern, colour or brand name and logo
51
what is a below the line characteristic
characteristics you cant see such as the mechanical workings/ function of the product
52
what are the 5 stages of a risk assessment
1. Identify the hazard
2. decide who may get injured and how
3. assess the risks and take action
4. make a record of the findings
5. review the risk assessment
53
what is the function of a specification
it is vital for suppliers, producers and purchasers to agree upon all requirements and it acts as a guideline to follow and refer back to during the making process to ensure that the end result meets its purpose
54
explain a one off production method
only produces one product, so is usually handmade
55
1 disadvantage and advantage of one off production
its slower but the quality and uniqueness is high
56
explain batch production
small quantity is made, likely to be a limited edition and therefore it can be sold at higher prices
57
explain mass production
hundreds of the product are produced on production lines such as cars
58
advantage and disadvantage of mass production
the quality can lack but it is quicker
59
explain continuos production
continuously produces the product, 24 hours a day 7 days a week such as bricks, this maximises production and limits costs
60
what does a trademark protect and how long for
logos and brands for 10 years
61
what does a copyright protect and how long for
written word and 70 years
62
what does a patent protect and how long for
inventions for 20 years
63
what does a registered design protect an how long for
designs for industrial use and for 25 years if a fee is paid every 5 years
64
what is a synthetic plastic
a plastic made chemically from either crude oil, coal or natural gas
65
what can a natural plastic be made out of
plants through their cellulose
trees through their amber
animals through their horns or their milk
insects through shellac
66
define the process of laser cutting
an intense beam of light following a design set on a computer to cut it out of the selected material
67
define injection moulding
either injecting or pushing a hot material into a mould to produce replicas of the moulds shape
68
define vacuum forming
placing hot plastic over a mould and extracting the air from inside so that the plastic forms the shape of the mould
69
what is a rapid prototyper
a 3d printer
70
what is solid modelling
an advanced form of geometric modelling using a computer, usually 3d
71
what is performance modelling
a model focused purely on the function of the product and how it is able to work and perform
72
explain what a gantt chart is for
visually seeing and planning time schedules to help stick to deadlines
73
explain the purpose of a flow chart
shows a step by step guide to how a process plans out, each shape represents a different meaning e.g. diamond is a question
74
what is reverse engineering
taking apart a product to see how it works in order to replicate or develop the object
75
advantages of global manufacturing
- contributes to the spread of technology
- raw materials and equipment may be easier to access
- cheaper to source
- cheaper work force
- lower taxes
- reduces innternatioal poverty as jobs are supplied
76
disadvantages of global manufacturing
- expense of multi plants in various countries
- unfair wages
- longer delivery times
- pollution from transportation to and from
- language and cultural barriers
- safety may suffer as a consequence
- currency may differ and money may be lost in the exchange
77
state what Charles Rennie Mackintosh was famous for
he was a Scottish designer from 1868-1928 and was famous for his mackintosh chairs in the art nouveau period, he was inspired by Japanese simplicity
78
what was James Dyson famous for
h invented the first bagless vacuum cleaner as well as many other revolutionary vacuum cleaners such as the ball vacuum which he was inspired by his previous invention the ball barrow
79
what is technology push
products are redesigned and improved due to new technology or materials or to keep up with competition
80
what is technology pull
products are produced de to high demand for them from consumers
81
what are the 4 P's
Price
Product
Place
Promotion
and they are crucial in determining a products brand's offer
82
what is CAD
computer aided design
83
what are the advantages or CAD
accurate
can save and edit files
can modify existing ideas
84
what are the disadvantages of CAD
expensive set up cost due to the programmes
training is required to use it
requires a PC
85
what is CAM
computer aided manufacturing
86
what are the advantages of CAM
consistent results
accurate
quicker
87
what are the disadvantages of CAM
expensive maintenance
| training required
88
name 4 finishing techniques
- varnish
- laminating
- foil blocking
- embossing
89
what is a cultural issue
being aware of the fact that some colours or images can offend other cultures e.g. a cat is worshipped in egypt and in some countries the colour red is forbidden
90
what is a moral issue
not advertising illegal habits or dangerous habits to children such as gun violence, alcohol abuse and smoking
91
what is a social issue
an unforeseen side effect of a new product upon a group of people e.g. a mobile phone connects people easier but also means meetings in person and face to face social interaction becomes less frequent
92
what is an alloy
a mixture of 2 elements where at least one is a metal e.g. brass = zinc+copper
93
what re the BSI responsible for
checking British standards are met on products sold in the UK
94
name 3 permanent methods of joining 2 materials
- welding
- rivets
- soldering
