A1 Viral Hallmark/Keys Flashcards
MOA: mosquito
Sx: Flu like, rigidity in neck, neurological defecits
Test: lumbar puncture
Vaccine available, 25% die, 50% neuro affects
Arboviral Encephalitis-Japenese Encephalitis
MOA: mosquito
Sx: Flu like, rigidity in neck, neurological defecits
1 out of 100 asymptomatic to actual care
Arboviral Encephalitis-West Nile
MOA: bite, scratch, lick
Onset: 3 months
Test: lab work
Vaccine available
*If confirmed, 5 shots (no vaccine) or 2 shots (vaccine)
Sx: fever/malaise 2-7 days, then bizarre, aggressive, excess mucous
Rabies
MOA: person-person
Sx: malaise, headache
Test: Normal WBC, lymphocytosis
typically asymptomatic-recover in several days
inactivated vaccine for US, live vaccine reserved for outbreaks in Africa
Poliomyelitis-abortive polio
MOA: person-person
Sx: severe muscle spasms, neck/back stiffness
Test: Normal WBC, lymphocytosis
inactivated vaccine for US, live vaccine reserved for outbreaks in Africa
Poliomyelitis-nonparalytic polio
MOA: person-person
Sx: asymmetric weakness or paralysis
Test: Normal WBC or lyphocytosis
inactivated vaccine for US, live vaccine reserved for outbreaks in Africa
Poliomyelitis- paralytic polio
MOA: salivary secretions
Epstein Barr virus, “kissing disease”, splenic rupture
Onset 4-6 weeks
Sx: fever, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly
Test: Mono spot
Infectious Mononucleosis
MOA: sexual contact, blood, body fluid, breastfeeding
Test: ELISA x2, Western Blot test to confirm
Tx: HAART, No cure
CT4 helper cells targeted
Lowered immune system=fatal diseases
HIV/AIDS
MOA: fecal/oral
most common form hep
Phases of signs: Prodromal- anorexia, fever, clay stool
Icteric: urine darkens, jaundice
Recovery: variable jaundice, hepatomegaly
Hepatits Viral A/E
MOA: Blood/Body secretions (D always with B)
Phases of signs: Prodromal- anorexia, fever, clay stool
Icteric: urine darkens, jaundice
Recovery: variable jaundice, hepatomegaly
Hepatitis Viral B/C/D
MOA: Respiratory
Vaccine available
More severe symptoms of common cold (fever, malaise)
Two types-A&B (A responsible for pandemics, can mutate)
Influenza
MOA: Mosquito (Aedes aegypti)
Triad: jaundice, hematemisis, albuminuria
Abrupt onset, “coffee ground” vommit
Vaccine q10yrs
Test: WBC, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, proteinurea
blood smear to rule out malaria
Yellow Fever
MOA: Mosquito (Aedes aegypti)
Sx: Saddle back fever Retro orbital pain, headache, severe pain in back, muscles and joints
Test: WBC leukopenia, blood smear rule out malaria
Tourniquet test Break bone fever no vaccine
4 types of Dengue, get 1 second time is much worse
Dengue
MOA: Mosquito (Aedes aegypti)
Similar to Dengue, without fever
Test: blood smear rule out malaria
Chikungunya Disease
MOA: rodent vector, aerosol or feces
Sx: Early phase- flu like, gastroenteritis, hepatitis
Late phase-organ failure, leuokopenia, hemorrhage
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever-Lassa Fever
MOA: rodent vector
Area: South America, Bolivia
Sx: Early phase- flu like, gastroenteritis, hepatitis
Late phase-organ failure, leuokopenia, hemorrhage
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever-Bolivian hemorrhagic fever
MOA: ticks, dead cattle
Sx: Early phase- flu like, gastroenteritis, hepatitis
Late phase-organ failure, leuokopenia, hemorrhage
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever-Crimean Congo hem fev
MOA: uncertain, primate then person-person
Area: Uganda, Kenya, Zimbabwe
Sx: Early phase- flu like, gastroenteritis, hepatitis
Late phase-organ failure, leuokopenia, hemorrhage
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever-Marburg
MOA: fruit bat, primate
Area: parts of Africa
Sx: Early phase- flu like, gastroenteritis, hepatitis
Late phase-organ failure, leuokopenia, hemorrhage
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever- Ebola
MOA: Rodent vector, aerosol, urine/feces NOT person-person
Area: Old world
Sx: abd pain, petechiae, low BP, low urine
Tx: ribavirin IV, Trendelenburg position for shock
Hanta Virus-Hem fev with renal syndrome (HFRS)
MOA: Rodent vector, aerosol, urine/feces NOT person-person
Area: new world
Sx: abd pain, diarrhea, dyspnea, shock
*high mortality rate (most in first 48 hours)
Hanta Virus-Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS)
