A03 Flashcards
The study has ___ _________ validity
The study has High Ecological validity
What is ecological validity?
Ecological validity refers to the extent to which the findings of a research study are able to be generalized to real-life settings
How did Sherif’s study have ecological validity?
it was a natural experiment where behaviour observed was relatively naturally occurring
What is the Hawthorn effect?
The Hawthorne effect is a type of reactivity in which individuals modify an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed
What were the boys unaware of that increases the Validity of the study?
Boys were unaware they were being observed, thought the researchers were part of the camp staff.
What was revealed years later in interviews which decreased the validity of the study?
They revealed that the boys were aware of the audio equipment present in the camp and were suspicious
Who carried out a study based on the Robbers cave experiment to prove that the experiment wasn’t in a natural condition
Tyerman & Spencer
What did they conclude?
- They found no hostility between groups & competition didn’t lead to hostility
What year did Tyerman and Spencer carry out their study?
1983
Why did Tyerman and Spencer say that the study was not a natural condition?
They said that strangers rarely meet and compete against each other
How were the boys chosen?
They were chosen out fo a sample of 200 boys, they were selected based on gender, age, IQ, social class religion. Matched as close as possible.
Why did Sherif want the boys to be the same?
To prevent individual differences in characters affecting the boys behaviour
How is the sample Gender Bais?
Only used boys
Why did the boys having good athletic ability and being keen on sports effect the study?
Could explain the degree of conflict between the boys as they were naturally more competitive
At the end of the first phase what was already been shown within the groups?
Hostility to the other groups was already being shown before competition
What did the boys showing Hostility before competition suggest? and what did it go against?
Suggests that the mere presence of another group is enough to create conflict. Goes against Realistic conflict theory.
Who gave consent for the boys to be involved?
Parents
Who was deceived?
The boys were deceived as they thought the study was for leadership, didn’t give fully informed consent.
What was Sherif running out of when he carried out this experiment?
funding, as he had spent a considerable amount on his first 2 studies.
What could the lack of funding have caused Sherif to do?
Induce high levels of conflict and hostility between the groups to ensure a successful outcome
What was not published from the study?
Research notes
What did the unpublished notes suggest?
That researchers may not have been as independent as they were “told” to be. reported they may g=have encouraged Intergroup hostility and creating opportunities for conflict
