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CLINDX Unit 2 UFCOM > A. Vaginal Infections > Flashcards

A. Vaginal Infections Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main vaginal infections listed in order of prevalence?

A

BV
Candida/Yeast
Trich

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2
Q

What are the different subtypes of Candidiasis listed in order or prevalence?

A

Albicans
Tropicalis
Glabrata

[Think GTA]

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3
Q

Which subtypes of Candidiasis tend to be more resistant to treatment & therefore present as chronic infections more often?

A

Tropicalis & Glabrata

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4
Q

What are the risk factors for Candidiasis?

A
  • Immunocomprimised
  • Preg/Oral contraceptives (increase glycogen)
  • Diabetes
  • Antibiotics like doxycycline or tetracycline for acne (kill normal flora)
  • Corticosteroids
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5
Q

Which of the 3 vaginal infections present with pruritis & erythema?

A

Candida & sometimes Trich (NOT BV)

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6
Q

Which vaginal infection presents with a green/yellow frothy discharge? Cottage cheese discharge? Thin gray discharge?

A

Trich
Candida
BV

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7
Q

Which vaginal infection has a fishy smell? What can increase the intensity of the smell?

A

BV

Bases (KOH or semen)

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8
Q

What is normal vaginal pH? Which vaginal infection(s) has/have normal pH? Altered pH?

A

Normally acidic ~4

Normal = candida
High (less acidic) = BV & Trich

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9
Q

Which vaginal infection presents with Satellite Lesions?

A

Candida

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10
Q

What are symptoms of Candida?

A

Vuvla & vaginal erythema/pruritis/edema
Satellite lesions in groin
Cottage cheese discharge

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11
Q

Lab findings for Candida?

A

Normal pH
Hyphae & budding yeast on KOH
Culture only done with recurrent

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12
Q

Which vaginal infection(s) use(s) KOH in the lab for diagnosis?

A

BV

Candida

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13
Q

Preventative measures for Candida?

A

No bubble baths
No douching (additives)
Good hygiene
Cotton underwear (instead of nylon which doesn’t breathe)

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14
Q

Candida Treatment?

[On Test]

A 
Topical Miconazole (monostat) or Clotrimazole 
Single dose oral Fluconazole (Diflucan)
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15
Q

Which of the vaginal infections tend to create symptoms in the entire groin region? Which can have systemic symptoms?

A

Candida

BV

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16
Q

How is trichomonas spread?

A 
True STD
Extremely contagious (1 encounter = 90%)
Incubation period = hours
17
Q

Which vaginal infections present with similar symptoms to UTI?

A

Trich

18
Q

What are the symptoms in Trich?

A 
\+/- Erythema/pruritis
Strawberry Cervix (punctate hemorrhages)
Yellow-green frothy discharge
Dysuria
Dyspareuria
19
Q

What are the lab findings for Trich?

A

High pH
Motile organisms with tail on saline prep
Seen on pap smear

20
Q

How often are cultures used for vaginal infections?

A

Rarely

Only if chornic Candidiasis

21
Q

What are the sensitivities of the different Trich lab tests?

A

~70% Pap & saline

~90% culture (rarely done)

22
Q

What microorganisms from vaginal secretion or PAP smear can appear motile?

A

Trich

Sperm

23
Q

Trich treatment?

A

Single 2g dose of Metronidazole (higher compliance that longer course)

24
Q

What preventative measures should be taken with Trich?

A

Treat partner

Use condoms until the end of treatment

25
Q

Which drug has serious side effects related to alcohol consumption?

A

Metronidazole

Blocks breakdown of alcohol –> build up of acid aldehyde –> really sick

26
Q

What are the subtypes of BV listed in order of prevalence?

A

Tends to be polymicrobial

Anaerobes
Gardinella Vaginalis
Mobiluncis
Mycoplasma

27
Q

What is the main defense against BV normally?

A

Lactobacilli normal flora –> acid enviroment

28
Q

Risk factors for BV?

A

Anything that effects the vaginal enviroment or normal flora

Menses
Douching
Intercourse
Antibiotics

29
Q

Symptoms of BV?

A

Fishy odor

Thin gray discharge

30
Q

Lab tests for BV?

A

+ amine/whiff test with KOH
Saline microscopy –> clue cells, less lactobacilli, increased cocci & bacilli
High pH

31
Q

Which vaginal infection presents with Clue cells?

A

BV

32
Q

Complications of BV?

A

PID
Postoperative pelvic pain
Preterm delivery
Intrapartum/postpartum infection

33
Q

BV treatment?

A

Oral metronidazole twice daily for 7 days

34
Q

Present with green-yellow frothy discharge, pruritis & increased pH. Treatment?

[On Test]

A

Trich –> single dose (4 pills) of metronidazole

35
Q

What tests are generally done for trich in a primary care setting?

[On test]

A

Saline & PAP

NOT culture

36
Q

Thin gray discharge, fishy odor & no inflammation/pruritis. Diagnosis?

[On test]

A

BV

37
Q

Which vaginal infection(s) use(s) saline in the lab for diagnosis?

A

BV & Trich

38
Q

Diagnostic test for Candida?

[On test]

A

KOH prep looking for hyphae & budding yeast

CLINDX Unit 2 UFCOM (8 decks)

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