A to C Flashcards
Acid
Species that releases H+ ions into aqueous solution.
Activation Energy (Ea)
Minimum energy required to start a reaction by the breaking of bonds.
Actual Yield
Amount of product obtained from a reaction.
Addition Polymerisation
Formation of a long molecular chain (addition polymer) by repeated addition reactions of many unsaturated alkene molecules (monomers).
Addition Reaction
A reaction in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a none saturated molecule.
Adsorption
The process that occurs when a gas or liquid or solute is held to the surface of a solid.
Alicyclic
Containing carbon atoms joined together in a ring that is not aromatic.
Aliphatic
Containing carbon atoms joined together in unbranched (straight) or branched chains.
Alkali
Type of base that dissolves in water that releases OH- (aq)/hydroxide ions.
Alkanes
The hydrocarbon homologous series with the general formula CnH2n+2.
Alkenes
The hydrocarbon homologous series with one double carbon-to-carbon bond with the general formula CnH2n.
Alkyl Group
A side chain formed by removing a hydrogen atom removed from an alkane parent chain.
Alkyne
The hydrocarbon homologous series with one triple carbon-to-carbon bond and the general formula CnH2n-2.
Amount of Substance (n)
The mole, used for counting atoms.
Anhydrous
Containing no water molecules.
Anion
Negatively charged ion with more electrons than protons.
Aromatic
Containing one or more benzene rings.
Atom Economy
(Sum of molar masses of desired products/Sum of molar masses of all products) x100
Atomic Number (Z)
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom (also proton number).
Atomic Orbital
A region around the nucleus that can hold up to two electrons, with opposite spins.
Average Bond Enthalpy
Average enthalpy change that takes place when breaking by homolytic fission one mole of a given type of bond in the molecules of a gaseous species.
Avogrado Constant (Na)
6.02x10^23 per mole, the number of atoms per mole of carbon-12.
Avogadros Hypothesis
Equal volumes of gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
Base
Compound that neutralises an acid to form a salt.
Binary Compound
Compound containing two elements only.
Bond Angle
Angle between two bonds of an atom.
Bonded Pair
A pair of electrons shared between two atoms to make a covalent bond.
Carbocation
Ion that contains a positively charged carbon atom.
