A / S / II

Question 1

What shape is the Roman Colosseum?

Answer 1

Elliptical

Question 2

Name 3 ancient sites in Rome that show their architectural genius:

Answer 2

The Roman Forum’s ruins, the Arch of Titus and Arch of Septimius Severus

Question 3

What Roman innovation allowed for the Colosseum, the Forum, and triumphal arches?

Answer 3

Concrete

Question 4

What did ancient Romans call concrete?

Answer 4

Opus caementicium

Question 5

What did Roman concrete consist of?

Answer 5

Broken stone, sand, lime mortar, and water

Question 6

Name the Roman emperor and the year he died that marks the height of the Roman empire:

Answer 6

Trajan / 117 CE

Question 7

Name 3 continents the Roman empire covered at its height:

Answer 7

Europe, North Africa, West Asia

Question 8

Name a reason Romans built monumental architecture and art:

Answer 8

as political tools to glorify emperors and advance agendas

Question 9

Name building projects Romans built to help with transportation, trade, communication:

Answer 9

roads, bridges, aqueducts

Question 10

Where was concrete first created?

Answer 10

Ancient Near East

Question 11

Who first used concrete on a massive scale?

Answer 11

The Romans

Question 12

Romans used a changing recipe for concrete and poured it into what?

Answer 12

Wood frames

Question 13

What were the exterior surfaces of hardened concrete often covered in?

Answer 13

Stucco or marble revetment

Question 14

What does revetment mean?

Answer 14

Facing

Question 15

What was concrete first used for in ancient Rome?

Answer 15

Filler in between walls

Question 16

What material did Romans discover enhanced the use of concrete and how did it enhance it?

Answer 16

Pozzolana sand or ash / concrete could cure or set, even under water

Question 17

When did Romans discover and start using volcanic ash in their concrete?

Answer 17

2nd century CE

Question 18

Name advantages of concrete:

Answer 18

inexpensive, easy to mix on site, unskilled workers could make it, incredibly adaptable

Question 19

Describe how concrete could be made into many shapes:

Answer 19

poured into wooden frames, made shapes impossible to make with cut stone, wood or mud bricks

Question 20

Name other ancient Roman architectural achievements besides concrete:

Answer 20

arches, vault, dome