A- Philosophical Underpinnings Flashcards
3 levels of understanding that contribute to scientific knowledge
description, prediction, control
What is science?
a systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the world
Description
facts about events that can be quantified, classified, and examined
Prediction
repeated observations that reveal other events can occur
Does correlation = causation?
No
Control
can cause an event to occur
What is the 3rd and highest level of scientific understanding?
control
What are the attitudes of science?
(DEER PP) Determinism, Empiricism, Experimentation, Replication, Parsimony, Philosophical doubt
Determinism
universe is a lawful and orderly place
Empiricism
practice of objective observation and measurement of the phenomena of interest
Experimentation
basic strategy of science
Replication
the repeating of experiments (repeating the independent variable)
Parsimony
all simple explanations are ruled out before more complex ideas are explained
Philosophical Doubt
continue to question the truthfulness of facts (remain skeptical)
3 Branches of Behavioral Analysis
Behaviorism, Experimental Analysis of Behavior, Applied Behavior Analysis
Behaviorism
the philosophy of the science of behavior, basic research of EAB, and ABA as a technology for improving behavior
Watson’s Stimulus Response Behaviorism
recognized as the spokesman for a new direction in psychology
With behaviorist, psychology =
observable behaviors
What is the S-R theory?
stimulus response theory where environmental stimulus evoke response
Who created Experimental Analysis of Behavior?
created by B.F Skinner
What is EAB?
The rate at which a single subject emitted a given behavior in a controlled and standardized experimental chamber
Who is the founder of Respondent/ Classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
What is respondent/ classical conditioning?
reflexive behavior that is elicited by stimuli that precede them
Who created the S-R theory?
Watson
