A&P X3 Practice 1

Question 1

Where nerves serving the upper limbs arise

Answer 1

Cervical enlargement

Question 2

Anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx

Answer 2

Filum Terminale

Question 3

Collection of nerve roots at the inferior end of the vertebral canal

Answer 3

Cauda equina

Question 4

Inferior point of termination of the spinal cord in an adult

Answer 4

Conus medullaris

Question 5

Cell bodies of somatic motor neurons are located in the—-

Answer 5

ventral (anterior) horn of the spinal cord.

Question 6

The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the—-

Answer 6

Parietal lobe

Question 7

The perception of location and volume of a sound is the function of

Answer 7

The primary auditory cortex

Question 8

Which of the following is not a function of CSF?
-initiation of some nerve impulses
-nourishment of the brain
-protection from blows
-reduction of brain weight

Answer 8

Initiation of some nerve impulses

Question 9

Sorting of sensory information and relaying it to the appropriate cerebral sensory area occurs in the hypothalamus.
true or false

Answer 9

False.
(It occurs in the Thalamus)

Question 10

In the spinal cord, the “wings” of gray matter are connected by the____

Answer 10

Gray commissure

Question 11

The nerve roots extending below L2 that enter the sacral plexus are part of the

Answer 11

Cauda equina

Question 12

SpinOcerebellar tracts carry____

Answer 12

information about muscle or tendon stretch to the cerebellum

Question 13

What groove separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

Answer 13

Central sulcus

Question 14

What type of cells line the ventricles of the brain?

Answer 14

Ependymal cells

Question 15

The adult spinal cord ends between the level, L1 and L2 of the vertebral column.
true or false

Answer 15

True

Question 16

Upper Motor neurons, originate in the

Answer 16

Precentral gyrus

Question 17

Most of the ascending and descending pahways to and from the brain crossover (decussate) from one side of the body to the other.
true or false

Answer 17

True

Question 18

The process of linking new facts with old facts already stored in the memory bank is called

Answer 18

Association

Question 19

White matter is Not found in the__

Answer 19

Cerebral cortex

(its found in: corpus callosum, corticospinal tracts, & outer portion of Spinal Cord)

Question 20

As a cook chops, red onions, he begins to tear up due to the activation of the lacrimal gland, which of the following provide the stimulus

Answer 20

Facial nerve (VII)

Question 21

If the Ventral root of a spinal nerve cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies?

Answer 21

A complete loss of voluntary movement 

Question 22

Drooping of the Upper eyelid and double vision, are potential symptoms of damage to the olfactory nerve.
True or false?

Answer 22

False

Question 23

You are following the signal from sensory receptor in the finger to the spinal cord where it immediately synapses with a motor neuron that leaves the spinal cord and innervates a skeletal muscle. The route will be.

Answer 23

Dorsal root > Dorsal horn> Ventral horn > Ventral root> spinal nerve

Question 24

Dorsal and ventral Rami are similar in that they both contains sensory fibers.
true or false 

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Injury to cervical vertebrae C3-C4 is particularly problematic because ____

Answer 25

The phrenic nerve that serves the diaphragm receives its fiber from here.

Question 26

Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve?

Answer 26

Vestibulocochlear

Question 27

A patient who received a blow to the side of the skull exhibits the following signs and symptoms on that side of the face: He’s unable to close his eye and the corner of his mouth droops. which cranial nerve has been damaged.?

Answer 27

Facial

Question 28

A fracture of the ethmoid bone result in damage to which cranial nerve?

Answer 28

Olfactory

Question 29

Fascicles of axons in the nerve are covered by and separated from one another by the loose connective tissue, called the

Answer 29

Perineurium

Question 30

Gateway to the cerebrum

Answer 30

Thalamus

Question 31

Ensures coordination and balance

Answer 31

Cerebellum

Question 32

Produces automatic behaviors necessary for survival

Answer 32

Brain stem 

Question 33

Executive suite

Answer 33

Cerebrum

Question 34

Visceral command center

Answer 34

Hypothalamus 

Question 35

Acetylcholine is released by all somatic motor neurons all preganglionic neurons of the ANS and by the postganglionic parasympathetic nerve fibers. true or false?

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation? -dilation of the pupils -increased peristalsis of the digestive viscera -Salivation - Elimination of urine

Answer 36

Dilation of the pupils

Question 37

A target cell with Beta-2 adrenergic receptors on the smooth muscle of the respiratory bronchioles binds with _________ secreted by autonomic neuron. The result would be _______

Answer 37

NE; Inhibitory

Question 38

Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve_____

Answer 38

X (Vagus)

Question 39

Which cranial nerves are involved in parasympathetic function?

Answer 39

III, VII, IX, X

Question 40

Cell body of ANS, preganglionic neurons (Fig. 5)

Answer 40

A (*lateral horn of gray matter*)

Question 41

All postganglionic autonomic neurons have _________________receptors

Answer 41

Nicotinic Cholinergic

Question 42

Cell body of ANS postganglionic neuron (Fig. 5)

Answer 42

C

Question 43

Myelin sheath (Fig. 5)

Answer 43

E

Question 44

Which of the following is a function of the parasympathetic division? -Produces goosebumps -Contracts smooth muscle of the bladder wall and relaxes urethral sphincter -Increases heart rate and force of contraction -Dilates bronchioles

Answer 44

Contract, smooth muscle of the bladder wall and relaxes urethral sphincter

Question 45

Site of somatic motoneuron cell body (Fig. 6)

Answer 45

C *Ventral horn* *Anterior horn*

Question 46

site of autonomic Moto neuron cell bodies (Fig. 6)

Answer 46

D. *Lateral horn*

Question 47

Site of sensory neuron cell bodies (Fig. 6)

Answer 47

E. Dorsal root ganglia DRG Dorsal route ganglion

Question 48

A stimulus traveling towards a synapse appears to open **calcium** ion channels at the pre-synaptic end, which in turn promotes **fusion** of synaptic vesicles to the axonal membrane. True or False?

Answer 48

True

Question 49

When, a neurotransmitter like acetylcholine is acting in an excitatory manner, which of the following is likely a result of the Acetylcholine acting on the post synaptic cell

Answer 49

Chemically gated sodium channels will open

Question 50

A multi polar neuron has—-

Answer 50

One axon, and multiple dendritic processes arising from the soma 

Question 51

What determine nerve impulse conduction velocity?

Answer 51

Axon diameter and degree of myelination

Question 52

If a postsynaptic neuron is stimulated to threshold by spatial summation. This implies that.

Answer 52

The postsynaptic cell has many synapses with many presynaptic neurons

Question 53

Cranial nerve II, the optic nerve sends nerve impulses to the brain carrying information about the things we see. These nerve fibers most likely belong to which division of the nervous system?

Answer 53

Sensory (Afferent) division

Question 54

Which of the following is NOT true of graded potentials? -They can be called postsynaptic potentials -They are short-lived -They increase amplitude as they move away from the stimulus point -They can form on receptor endings

Answer 54

They increased amplitude as a move away from the stimulus point 

Question 55

Strong stimuli cause the amplitude of action potentials generated to increase. true or false?

Answer 55

False

Question 56

The effect of acetylcholine can be stimulating or inhibiting, which of the following gives the best explanation for why this is so

Answer 56

Different postsynaptic cells will have different receptors

Question 57

A second nerve impulse cannot be generated until____

Answer 57

The membrane potential has been reestablished

Question 58

A graded potential— can have amplitudes of various sizes. True or false

Answer 58

True

Question 59

Regarding chemical synapses— The synaptic cleft uses the action potential to transmit a chemical signal to the post synaptic cell. True or false ?

Answer 59

True

Question 60

The concentration of ions in the chemical environment surrounding the neurons must be tightly regulated for neurons to function properly. Which cells are most responsible for this?

Answer 60

Astrocytes

Question 61

If a postsynaptic cell is stimulated to threshold by temporal summation, this implies that—

Answer 61

A presynaptic neuron is sending frequent EPSP

Question 62

Immediately after an action potential has peaked which channel will open?

Answer 62

Voltage-gated potassium channels

Question 63

The interior surface of a neuron plasma membrane at the resting membrane potential will have a____

Answer 63

Negative charge and contains less sodium than outside of the cell

Question 64

This glial cells form part of the BBB by providing an extra layer of protection around blood vessels in the brain

Answer 64

Astrocytes

Question 65

When a sensory neuron is excited by some form of energy the resulting graded potential is called____

Answer 65

Generator potential

Question 66

β-Adrenergic receptors are the only receptors found on the heart. True or false

Answer 66

False.

Question 67

Neuro fibers connecting the cerebrum and cerebellum would be found mainly in the—

Answer 67

Pons

Question 68

Injury to hypothalamus would **NOT** lead to________ -dehydration, -loss of body temperature control, -sleep disturbance, -loss of fine motor control.

Answer 68

loss of fine motor control.

Question 69

White matter is found in cerebral cortex. True or false

Answer 69

False

Question 70

Hypothalamus— controls, ANS and body temperature. True or false ?

Answer 70

True

Question 71

Cell bodies of sensory neurons may be located in ganglia outside CNS. True or false

Answer 71

True

Question 72

Regarding synapses— the synaptic cleft uses the action potential to transmit a chemical signal to the post synaptic cell. True or false

Answer 72

True