a&p quiz 6 Flashcards
the _____ is the most superficial membrane of the meninges
dura mater
the inferior end of the adult spinal cord terminates
inferior to L1
the dorsal root of spinal nerves contains
sensory neurons
which of the following is not part of the gray matter of the spinal cord?
lateral funiculus
the central canal of the spinal cord is located within the
gray comissure
the brachial plexus is formed from components of spinal nerves C5-T1
t/f
true
there are right pairs of cervical spinal nerves
t/f
true
the major ascending (sensory) ad descending (motor) tracts compose the gray matter of the spinal cord
t/f
false
the spinal cord gives rise to 31 pairs of _____
spinal nerves
the bulge in the spinal cord that gives off nerves to the upper limbs is called the ____ enlargement
cervical
the bulge in the spinal cord that gives off nerves to the lower limbs is called the _____ enlargement
lumbar
the _______ is a groove that extends the length of the spinal cord posteriorly
median suculus
in a spinal cord cross section, the posterior ____ of the gray matter resembles the upper wings of a butterfly
horn
the axons of motor neurons are found in the _____ roots of spinal nerves
ventral
the ______ connects the gray matter on the left and right sides of the spinal cord
gray commissure
the _____ in the gray commissure of the spinal cord contains cerebrospinal fluid and is continuous with the cavities of the brain
central canal
the white matter of the spinal cord is divided into anterior, lateral, and posterior ____ that contain ascending and descending tracts
funiculi
there are _____ pairs of cervical spinal nerves
8
there are ___ pairs of sacral spinal nerves
5
cervical spinal nerve pair C1 originates between the foramen magnum of the occipital bone and the ___
atlas
spinal nerves L4 through S4 form a ____ plexus
sacral
the gray matter of the spinal cord is divided into anterior, lateral, and posterior _____
horns
the spinal cord ends inferior to L1 in a tapered point called the _____-
cauda equine
the impulse over a motor neuron will lead to
an effector
stretch reflex receptors are called
muscle spindles
stretch reflexes include all of the following except the ___ reflex
withdrawal
a withdrawal reflex could occur from
touching a hot object
the calcaneal reflex response is
plantar flexion of the foot
the quadriceps femoris is the effector muscle of the patellar reflex
t/f
true
the dorsal root of spinal nerves contain the axons of the motor neurons
t/f
false
the normal patellar reflex response involves extension of the leg at the knee
t/f
true
a reflex arc begins with the stimulations of a ____ at the dendrite end of a sensory neuron
receptor
the effector muscle of the patellar reflex is the ____
quadriceps femoris
the sensory stretch receptors (muscle spindles) of the patellar reflex are located in the ____ muscle
extensor
the dorsal root of a spinal nerve contains the ____ neurons
motor
the normal plantar reflex in _____ of toes
flexion
stroking the sole of the foot in infants results in dorsiflexion and toes that spread apart, called the _____ reflex
babinski
the primary olfactory interpretation center is located in the
inferior nose
the cornea and the sclera compose the
outer layer
we are able to see color because the eye contains
cones
the perception of vision occurs in the
occipital lobe of the cerebrum
which of the following is not part of the middle eye layer?
conjunctiva
the area of our eye where visual acuity is best is the
fovea centralis
the conjunctiva covers the superficial surface of the cornea
t/f
true
tears from the lacrimal gland eventually flow through a nasolacrimal duct into the nasal cavity
t/f
true
posterior five-sixths of middle (vascular) layer
choroid
white part of outer (fibrous) layer
sclera
transparent anterior portion of outer layer
cornea
inner lining of eyelid
conjunctiva
secretes tears
lacrimal gland
fills posterior cavity of eye
vitreous humor
area where optic nerve exits the eye
optic disc
smooth muscle that controls that pupil size and light entering the eye
iris
fills anterior and posterior chambers of the anterior cavity of the eye
aqueous humor
contains photoreceptor cells called rods and cones
retina
connects lens to ciliary body
suspensory ligament
cause the lends to change shape
ciliary muscle
as a person ages, the elasticity of the lens
decreases
visual acuity is measured using a
Snellen eye chart
the blind spot is located at the ___ of the eye
optic discs
astigmatism results from a defect in the
curvature of the cornea or lens
nearsightedness is also called myopia
t/f
true
what is meant by 20/70 vision
someone can see at 20 feet what people can see at 70 feet
what is meant by 20/10 vision
someone can see at 20 feet what most can see at 10 feet
what visual problem is created by astigmatism?
some parts of vision is blurred
hearing is interpreted in the ____ lobe of the cerebrum
temporal
sound loudness is measured in
decibels
the middle ear bones articulate from tympanic membrane to oval window in which of the following sequences
malleus, incus, stapes
the ____ test is done to assess possible conduction deafness by comparing bone and air conduction
rinne
which of the following structures is part of the inner ear?
cochlea
the pharyngotympanic tube connects the outer ear to the inner ear
t/f
false
the cochlear nerve serves as the hearing branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve
t/f
true
endolymph is located within the cochlear duct of the cochlea
t/f
true
