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A&P lab > A&P practical #2 > Flashcards

A&P practical #2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the thorax, shoulder, and trunk?

A

Pectoralis major, deltoid, latissimus dorsi, rectus abdominus

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2
Q

Pectoralis major: origin

A

clavicle and sternum and costal cartilages 2-6

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3
Q

Pectoralis major: insertion

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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4
Q

Pectoralis major: action

A

prime mover of arm flexion, adduction and medial rotation of arm, elevates rib cage during deep inspiration

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5
Q

Deltoid: origin

A

spine and acromion process of scapula, later 1/3 of clavicle

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5
Q

deltoid: insertion

A

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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6
Q

deltoid: action

A

prime mover of arm abduction, synergist in flexion, extension of arm

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7
Q

Latissimus dorsi: origin

A

spines of T7-T12, ribs 8-12, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi: insertion

A

intertubercular groove of humerus

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9
Q

Latissimus dorsi: action

A

prime arm extensor, adduction and medial rotation at the shoulder, depresses shoulder

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10
Q

Rectus abdominus: origin

A

pubic symphysis, pubic crest

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11
Q

rectus abdominis: insertion

A

xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

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12
Q

rectus abdominus: action

A

trunk flexion, compresses, abdominal viscera, expiration

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13
Q

What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles of the arm?

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

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14
Q

supraspinatus: origin

A

supraspinous fossa

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15
Q

supraspinatus: insertion

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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16
Q

supraspinatus: action

A

shoulder abduction

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17
Q

Infraspinatus: origin

A

infraspinous fossa

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18
Q

infraspinatus: insertion

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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19
Q

infraspinatus: action

A

externally/ laterally rotates

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20
Q

teres minor: origin

A

lateral border of scapula

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21
Q

teres minor: insertion

A

greater tubercle of humerus

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22
Q

teres minor: action

A

externally/ laterally rotates

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23
Q

subscapularis: origin

A

subscapular fossa

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24
Q

subscapularis: insertion

A

lesser tubercle of humerus

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25
Q

subscapularis: action

A

internally/ medially rotates

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26
Q

What are the 4 muscles of the arm?

A

biceps brachii, triceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

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27
Q

Biceps brachii: origin of long head

A

supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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28
Q

biceps brachii: origin of short head

A

coracoid process of scapula

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29
Q

biceps brachii: insertion

A

radial tuberosity

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30
Q

biceps brachii: action

A

major forearm flexor, supinates forearm, weak flexor of arm

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31
Q

triceps brachii: origin of long head

A

infraglenoid tubercle

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32
Q

triceps brachii: origin of lateral head

A

posterior superior humerus

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33
Q

triceps brachii: origin of medial head

A

posterior inferior humerus

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34
Q

Triceps brachii: insertion

A

olecranon process of ulna

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35
Q

triceps brachii: action

A

extends forearm

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36
Q

brachialis: origin

A

distal anterior humerus

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37
Q

brachialis: insertion

A

ulnar tuberosity and coronoid process

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38
Q

brachialis: action

A

flexes forearm

39
Q

brachioradialis: origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

40
Q

brachioradialis: insertion

A

styloid process of radius

41
Q

brachioradialis: action

A

forearm flexion

42
Q

What are the 2 flexors and extensors of the arm?

A

extensor digitorum and flexor carpi ulnaris

43
Q

Extensor digitorum: origin

A

lateral epicondyle of humerus

44
Q

Extensor digitorum: insertion

A

posterior surface of distal phalanges 2-5

45
Q

Extensor digitorum: action

A

prime finger extensor, extensor of hand

46
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris: origin

A

medial epicondyle of humerus

47
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris: insertion

A

pisiform, hook of hamate, base of 5th metacarpal

48
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris: action

A

flexes and adducts wrist

49
Q

What are the four important muscles of the head & neck?

A

masseter, sternocleidomastoid, temporalis, trapezius

50
Q

masseter: origin

A

zygomatic arch

51
Q

masseter: insertion

A

lateral surface of ramus of mandible

52
Q

masseter: action

A

prime mover of mandibular elevation

53
Q

sternocleidomastoid: origin

A

manubrium and medial end of clavicle

54
Q

sternocleidomastoid: insertion

A

mastoid process of temporal bone

55
Q

sternocleidomastoid: action

A

prime mover of skull flexion, side and tilts or laterally rotates skull toward same side

56
Q

Temporalis: origin

A

temporal fossa, temporal fascia

57
Q

temporalis: insertion

A

apex and medial surface of coronoid process of mandible

58
Q

temporalis: action

A

elevates and retracts mandible

59
Q

trapezius: origin

A

occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12

60
Q

trapezius: insertion

A

lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula

61
Q

trapezius: action

A

stabilizes, elevates, retracts, depresses, and/or rotates scapula forward

62
Q

What are the 5 important muscles of the upper leg?

A

Tensor fascia lata, sartorius, gracilis, adductor longus, gluteus maximus

63
Q

What are the two important muscles of the lower leg?

A

tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius

64
Q

What is an important part of the quadricep?

A

rectus femoris

65
Q

What is an important part of the hamstring?

A

biceps femoris

66
Q

Tensor fascia lata: origin

A

ASIS and anterior part of iliac crest

67
Q

tensor fascia lata: insertion

A

iliotibial tract

68
Q

tensor fascia lata: action

A

hip abduction and internal/medial rotation, keeps pelvis level during SLS

69
Q

Rectus femoris: origin

A

AIIs, superior margin of acetabulum

70
Q

rectus femoris: insertion

A

tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, patella

71
Q

biceps femoris: action

A

thigh flexion, leg extension

72
Q

biceps femoris: origin of long head

A

ischial tuberosity

73
Q

biceps femoris: origin of short head

A

linea aspera and distal femur

74
Q

biceps femoris: insertion

A

head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

75
Q

biceps femoris: action

A

extension of thigh, flexion and lateral rotation of leg

76
Q

Sartorius: origin

77
Q

Sartorius: insertion

A

medial proximal tibial shaft

78
Q

sartorius: action

A

flexion and lateral rotation of thigh, flexion of leg

79
Q

gracilis: origin

A

ramus and body of pubis

80
Q

gracilis: insertion

A

medial proximal tibial shaft

81
Q

gracilis: action

A

adduction of thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

82
Q

adductor longus: origin

A

body of pubis

83
Q

adductor longus: insertion

A

middle 1/3 of linea aspera of femur

84
Q

adductor longus: action

A

adduction and flexion of hip

85
Q

gluteus maximus: origin

A

dorsal ilium, sacrum, coccyx, and lumbodorsal fascia

86
Q

gluteus maximus: insertion

A

gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract

87
Q

gluteus maximus: action

A

major thigh extensor, lateral rotation of thigh

88
Q

tibialis anterior: origin

A

superior 1/2 of the tibia and adjacent interosseous membrane

89
Q

tibialis anterior: insertion

A

plantar surface of medial foot

90
Q

tibialis anterior: action

A

dorsiflexion and inversion of foot

90
Q

gastrocnemius: origin of lateral head

A

lateral condyle of femur

90
Q

gastrocnemius: origin of medial head

A

medial condyle of femur

91
Q

gastrocnemius: insertion

A

calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

91
Q

gastrocnemius: action

A

plantar flexion and leg flexion

A&P lab (1 decks)

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