A&P of Swallowing

Question 1

Stages of Swallowing

Answer 1

1. Oral Preparatory Phase 2. Oral Phase 3. Pharyngeal Phase 4. Esophageal Phase

Question 2

Oral Preparatory Phase components

Answer 2

1. Lip Closure 2. Tongue control during bolus hold 3. Bolus preparation/Mastication

Question 3

Oral Phase components

Answer 3

4. Bolus transport/lingual motion [Posterior Lingual propulsion] 5. Oral residue 6. Initiation of pharyngeal swallow [swallow trigger]

Question 4

Pharyngeal components

Answer 4

7. Soft palate elevation [Velar Elevation] 8. Laryngeal elevation 9. Anterior hyoid excursion 10. Epiglottic movement 11. Laryngeal vestibular closure 12. Pharyngeal stripping wave 13. Pharyngeal contraction [Pharyngeal Constriction & Elevation] 14. Pharyngoesophageal segment opening [Upper Esophageal Opening] 15. Tongue base retraction 16. Pharyngeal residue

Question 5

Esophageal components

Answer 5

17. Esophageal clearance in upright position

Question 6

Movement of the bolus in a timely way without significant residue, effort, or repeat swallows

Answer 6

Bolus Efficiency

Question 7

Preventing ingested materials from entering larynx and/or trachea

Answer 7

Airway Protection

Question 8

First part in name of muscle

Answer 8

Origin; Attached to bone and stable

Question 9

Second Part in name of muscle

Answer 9

Insertion; Usually between joints or other structures; Contracts muscle towards point of origin

Question 10

What happens when the muscle contracts

Answer 10

The structure at point of insertion moves closer to the structure at point of origin; if both structures move, both will move during contractions

Question 11

Muscles/Structures for Oral Preparatory Phase

Answer 11

*Lips- Orbicularis Oris , Zygomaticus Major and Minor *Tongue - Intrinsic & Extrinsic *Cheeks - Buccinator *Mastication- Temporalis, Masseter, Medial & Lateral Pterygoid

Question 12

Structures that move lips

Answer 12

*Orbicularis Oris

* Zygomaticus Major & MInor

Question 13

Opens, closes, Protrudes, inverts & twists lips

Answer 13

Orbicularis Oris

Question 14

Draws lips upward and outward

Answer 14

Zygomaticus Minor & Major

Question 15

Intrinsic Tongue Muscles

Answer 15

* Superior Longitudinal * Inferior longitudinal *Transverse *Vertical

Question 16

Superior longitudinal tongue muscle

Answer 16

Intrinsic; shortens; pulls tip upward

Question 17

Inferior longitudinal tongue muscle

Answer 17

Intrinsic; shortens; pulls tip downward

Question 18

Transverse tongue muscle

Answer 18

intrinsic; narrows and elongates tongue

Question 19

Vertical muscle of tongue

Answer 19

Intrinsic; flattens tongue

Question 20

Extrinsic Tongue Muscles

Answer 20

*Genioglossus *Styloglossus *Palatoglossus *Hyoglossus

Question 21

Genioglossus function

Answer 21

-protrusion, press tongue to teeth or alveolar ridge (posterior fibers) -retraction (anterior fibers) -draw tongue downwards (all fibers)

Question 22

Styloglossus

Answer 22

moves tongue upward and backward

Question 23

Palatoglossus

Answer 23

pulls back the groove of the tongue

Question 24

Hyoglossus

Answer 24

retracts or depresses tongue; elevates hyoid bone

Question 25

Muscle that flattens cheeks

Answer 25

Buccinator

Question 26

Muscles of Mastication

Answer 26

*Temporalis

*Masseter

*Medial Pterygoid

*Laterial Pterygoid

Question 27

Temporalis

Answer 27

elevates or closes mandible; retracts mandible

Question 28

Masseter

Answer 28

elevates or closes mandible

Question 29

Medial Pterygoid

Answer 29

Elevates or closes mandible

Question 30

Lateral Pterygoid

Answer 30

Depressor or opener of mandible; protrudes mandible; permits side to side movement of mandible