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A&P Lab > A&P Lab Exercise 1&2 > Flashcards

A&P Lab Exercise 1&2 Flashcards

0
Q

Posterior

A

Back side

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1
Q

Anterior

A

Front side

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2
Q

Ventral

A

Synonymous with anterior, front side

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3
Q

Dorsal

A

Synonymous with posterior, back side

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4
Q

Deep

A

Within, underneath skin

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5
Q

Superficial

A

Skin level, above

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6
Q

Lateral

A

Moving away from the midline

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7
Q

Medial

A

Moving closer to midline

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8
Q

Superior

A

Higher on body

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9
Q

Inferior

A

Lower on body

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10
Q

Proximal

A

Refers to appendages, up towards midline

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11
Q

Distal

A

Refers to appendages, down away from midline

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12
Q

Sagittal

A

Plane cutting body into left and right sections

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13
Q

Transverse

A

Plane cutting body into superior and inferior portions

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14
Q

Coronal

A

(Frontal) plane cutting body into anterior and posterior sections

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15
Q

2 main body cavities

A

Dorsal and Ventral

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16
Q

Components of dorsal cavity

A

Cranial cavity

Spinal (vertebral) cavity

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17
Q

Components of ventral cavity (2)

A

Thoracic cavity

Abdominopelvic cavity

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18
Q

What muscle divides the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

A

Diaphragm

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19
Q

Components of thoracic cavity

A

Pleural cavities
Pericardial cavity
Mediastinum

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20
Q

What is the pleural cavity made of?

A

Lungs

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21
Q

What is the pericardial cavity made of?

A

Heart

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22
Q

What is the mediastinum made of?

A

Midline: heart, lungs, thymus, esophagus

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23
Q

What is another word for the Abdominal cavity?

A

Peritoneal

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24
Q

Which membrane lies against the wall of the cavity?

A

Parietal

25
Q

Which membrane covers the organ?

A

Visceral

26
Q

What is pleuracy?

A

When membranes rub against one another use to lack of serous fluid

27
Q

What is in between the parietal and visceral membranes?

A

Serous fluid which allows space and fluid in between the membranes so they don’t stick and can slide

28
Q

Which membrane has more nerves?

A

Parietal

29
Q

Why does it hurt when you have appendicitis?

A

The appendix swells and pushes against the parietal membrane. The sticking if the membranes combines with lots of nerves in parietal causes pain.

30
Q

What is a serous membrane

A

Clearish, sticky membrane that surrounds and lines organs

31
Q

What are the functions of the lungs?

A

To breathe in oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide

32
Q

What is the function of the heart?

A

To pump blood throughout the body

33
Q

What is the function of the diaphragm?

A

It is the main muscle used to breathe

34
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A 
Filled with enzymes 
Conversion
Containing site
Metabolizes
Makes bike
35
Q

What is the function of the spleen?

A

Blood filter- major player in the immune system

Located below left diaphragm

36
Q

What is the function if the fall bladder?

A

Stores the bile the liver made. (Located behind the liver)

37
Q

What is the function of the stomach?

A

Contains digestion foods, churns food

38
Q

What is the function of the small intestine?

A

Most absorption occurs here

39
Q

What is the function of the large intestine?

A

Water absorption occurs here, excretes waste and compacts waste

40
Q

What is the function of the pancreas?

A

Makes enzymes for digestion, eyelets of langerhaun make glucagon and insulin. Located tucked behind large intestine.

41
Q

What is the function of the rectum?

A

End of large intestine, excretes waste

42
Q

What is the function of the kidney?

A

Filters and gets rid of urine

Maintains blood volume and pressure

43
Q

What are the functions of the ureters?

A

Tubes off of kidneys that drain the bladder

44
Q

What is the function of the appendix?

A

Full of lymphatic tissue, maybe plays a role in the immune system? Located hanging off the large intestine

45
Q

What are the functions of the adrenal glands?

A

Located above kidneys, part of nervous and endocrine systems.

46
Q

What is the inner part of the adrenal glands called and what’s it’s function?

A

Adrenal medulla-makes epinephrine (adrenaline)

47
Q

What is the outer part of the adrenal glands called and what’s it’s function?

A

Cortex-makes other hormones like:
Cortisol-stress
Sex steroids-estrogen/testosterone
Alosterone-blood pressure

48
Q

What is the function of the aorta?

A

Main blood vessel in the body, largest artery

49
Q

What is the function of the inferior vena cava?

A

Largest vein in the body

50
Q

What is the ocular lens?

A

What you look through, 10X

51
Q

What is the tube?

A

Supports the ocular lens

52
Q

What is the nosepiece?

A

Holds the objective lens and revolves

53
Q

What are the objective lenses?

A

Scanning-4X
Low power objective-10X
High power objective-40X
Oil immersion objective-100X

54
Q

What is the slide holder assembly?

A

Calipers hold the slide

55
Q

What is the stage?

A

The platform that holds the slide

56
Q

What are the coarse/fine adjustment knobs?

A

Coarse-used for simple focus

Fine-used for sharp focus

57
Q

What is the arm?

A

Connects the tube to the base, where you carry the microscope

58
Q

What is the base?

A

Bottom flat surface for support of microscope

59
Q

What is the illuminator?

A

The light source built into the base

60
Q

What is the condenser?

A

Lenses that concentrate light to the level of the stage

61
Q

What is the iris diaphragm?

A

Opens and closes to regulate the amount of light passing through the stage opening to the slide

A&P Lab (1 decks)

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