A&P Key Terms

Question 1

Alimentary Canal

Answer 1

The digestive tube that consists of the mouth, the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus.

Question 2

Anatomic Position

Answer 2

The position of the body where the body is erect, the feet are slightly apart, the head is held high, and the palms of the hands are facing forward.

Question 3

Anterior

Answer 3

View facing forward.

Question 4

Appendicular Skeleton

Answer 4

The part of the skeleton that includes the girdles and the limbs.

Question 5

Bolus

Answer 5

A ball of food that is formed after the food is broken down by the teeth and saliva.

Question 6

Cell

Answer 6

The basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs.

Question 7

Cerebellum

Answer 7

A part of the brain responsible for muscular coordination.

Question 8

Cerebrum

Answer 8

The part of the brain associated with movement and sensory input.

Question 9

Chyme

Answer 9

The coupe substance that is created by the stomach churning and mixing the souls food mass.

Question 10

Dermis

Answer 10

The layer of skin that consists of the underlying layer of connective tissue with blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin structures.

Question 11

Distal

Answer 11

Term of direction usually used in reference to limbs. Distal refers to further away from the point of attachment.

Question 12

Epidermis

Answer 12

The layer of skin that consists of the outermost protective layer of dead keratinized epithelial cells.

Question 13

Erythrocytes

Answer 13

Red blood cells.

Question 14

Estrogen

Answer 14

Any of several female sex hormones produced primarily by the ovarian follicles of female mammals, capable of inducing estrus, developing and maintaining secondary female sex characteristics, and preparing the uterus for the reception of a fertilized egg.

Question 15

External Respiration

Answer 15

The exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli.

Question 16

Hemopoiesis

Answer 16

Blood cell formation.

Question 17

Histology

Answer 17

The study of tissues.

Question 18

Inferior

Answer 18

View from below.

Question 19

Infundibulum

Answer 19

The stalk that attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus.

Question 20

Internal Respiration

Answer 20

The exchange of gases between the blood and the body cells.

Question 21

Lateral

Answer 21

Away from the midline or toward the sides.

Question 22

Leukocytes

Answer 22

White blood cells.

Question 23

Medial

Answer 23

View toward the midline.

Question 24

Medulla Oblongata

Answer 24

The part of the brain that controls many vital functions such as respiration and heart rate.

Question 25

Meiosis

Answer 25

The special cell division that takes place in the gonads; reducing chromosomes from 46 to 23, so when the egg and sperm unite in fertilization the zygote will have the correct number of chromosomes.

Question 26

Mitosis

Answer 26

The process in which the DNA is duplicated and distributed evenly between two daughter cells.

Question 27

Neuroglia

Answer 27

Connective tissue cells in nerve tissue.

Question 28

Osteoblasts

Answer 28

The cells that form compact bone.

Question 29

Platelets

Answer 29

An element of blood that is active in the process of blood clotting.

Question 30

Posterior

Answer 30

View toward the back.

Question 31

Progesterone

Answer 31

A hormone secreted by the corpus luteum, which further stimulates development of the endometrium.

Question 32

Proximal

Answer 32

Term of direction usually used in reference to limbs. Proximal means closer to the point of attachment.

Question 33

Sarcomeres

Answer 33

Small units that make up myofibrils, which make up each muscle cell.

Question 34

Superior

Answer 34

View from above

Question 35

Synergists

Answer 35

Muscles that work in cooperation with the prime mover muscle.