A&P FINAL

Question 1

Plane that divides body into SUPERIOR & INFERIOR portions

Answer 1

Transverse plane

Question 2

Plane that divides body into LEFT & RIGHT portions

Answer 2

Sagittal plane

Question 3

Planes that are parallel to long axis

Answer 3

• Sagittal
• Frontal/coronal

Question 4

Plane that divides body into ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR portions

Answer 4

Frontal/coronal plane

Question 5

Thoracic cavity contains (4)

Answer 5

1) Left pleural cavity (left lung)
2) Right pleural cavity (right lung)
3) Mediastinum (trachea, esophagus, & major vessels)
4) Pericardial cavity (heart)

Question 6

Abdominopelvic cavity contains (3)

Answer 6

1) Peritonial cavity
2) Abdominal cavity (digestive glands & organs)
3) Pelvic cavity (urinary bladder, reproductive organs, & last portion of digestive tract)

Question 7

Type of tissue that covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways and chambers, and forms glands

Answer 7

Epithelial tissue

Question 8

• Epithelium with one layer of cells
• Epithelium with multiple layer of cells

Answer 8

-Simple epithelium (one layer)

-Stratified epithelium (multiple layers)

Question 9

Answer 9

Simple cuboidal

Question 10

Answer 10

Stratified cuboidal

Question 11

Answer 11

Transitional epithelium

Question 12

Answer 12

Transitional epithelium

Question 13

Answer 13

Simple columnar

Question 14

Answer 14

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 15

Answer 15

Stratified columnar

Question 16

Layers of the epidermis from deepest to superficial

Answer 16

1) Stratum basal
2) Stratum spinosum
3) Stratum granulosum
4) Stratum lucidum
5) Stratum corneum

Question 17

Which layer of epidermis is found in thick skin only

Answer 17

Stratum lucidum

Question 18

Layer of epidermis that includes germ cells

Answer 18

Stratum basal

Question 19

• Oil glands that secrete sebum (oily, lipid-rich secretion) into hair follicles
• Found everywhere except palms of the hands and soles of the feet

Answer 19

Sebaceous glands

Question 20

• Found in axillary, pubic, anal, and facial region in men
• Secrete product into hair follicles
• Produces foul odor
• Active at puberty

Answer 20

Apocrine sweat glands

Question 21

• Prominent in palms, soles, and forehead
• Merocrine sweat is a dilute watery solution
• Secrete product directly onto surface of skin

Answer 21

Merocrine sweat glands

Question 22

• Found in ear
• Secretes earwax called cerumen

Answer 22

Ceruminous glands

Question 23

Function of osteoblasts

Answer 23

• produce new bone matrix during ossification
• synthesize and secrete osteoid

Question 24

Function of osteoclasts

Answer 24

-absorb and remove bone matrix

Question 25

Function of osteocytes

Answer 25

- maintain the matrix - take part in bone repair

Question 26

- Connects occipital bone to parietal bones - Located on posterior portion of the skull

Answer 26

Lambdoid suture

Question 27

-Attaches the frontal bone to the parietal bones

Answer 27

Coronal suture

Question 28

-Extends from the lambdoid suture to the coronal suture

Answer 28

Sagittal suture

Question 29

- Joins temporal bone and the parietal bone of that side - Around the ear

Answer 29

Squamous suture

Question 30

Turning the sole of the foot inward (medially)

Answer 30

Inversion

Question 31

Turning the sole of the foot outward (laterally)

Answer 31

Eversion

Question 32

- Ankle flexion - Digging heel into the ground

Answer 32

Dorsiflexion

Question 33

- Ankle extension - Like tiptoeing

Answer 33

Plantar flexion

Question 34

- Ependymal cells - Astrocytes - Oligodendrocytes - Microglia

Answer 34

Neuroglia found in CNS

Question 35

- Satellite cells - Shwann cells

Answer 35

Neuroglia found in PNS

Question 36

- Found in the CNS. They line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal (spinal cord) - Assist in producing, circulating, and monitoring cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 36

Ependymal cells

Question 37

1) maintain the blood-brain barrier, 2) provide structural support 3) regulate ion, nutrient, and dissolved gas concentrations 4) absorb and recycle neurotransmitters 5) form scar tissue after injury

Answer 37

Astrocytes

Question 38

Where are oligodendrocytes found and what do they do?

Answer 38

- Found in the CNS - myelinate axons and provide structural framework

Question 39

Remove cell debris, wastes, and pathogens by phagocytosis (type of neuroglia)

Answer 39

Microglia

Question 40

- surround all axons in PNS - responsible for myelination of peripheral axons - participate in repair process after injury

Answer 40

Shwann cells