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A&P1 > A&P exam 1 > Flashcards

A&P exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Simple squamous epithelium

A

Appearance: Single layer, “fried egg” appearance
Function: rapid transport of substances through membrane
Location: Alveoli of lungs and kidney tubules

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2
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

A

Appearance: single layer, cube-shaped
Function: secretes, absorbs and produces mucous
Location: Liver, kidney tubules

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3
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium

A

Appearance: Single layer, column-shaped
Function: secretion and absorption
Location: Intestines, stomach, kidney tubules

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4
Q

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Appearance: single layer, appears stratified due to cells w/varying height
Function: secretes and propels mucous
Location: Sperm ducts, respiratory tract

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5
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium- Keratinized

A

Appearance: multiple layers, keratin
Function: resists abrasion and water loss
Location: palms and soles

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6
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium- nonkeratinized

A

Appearance: multiple layers
Function: resists abrasion and pathogens
Location: tongue, vagina

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7
Q

Stratified Cuboidal epithelium

A

Appearance: multiple layers, surface cells
Function: sweat secretion, sperm
Location: sweat glands, sperm ducts in testis

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8
Q

stratified columnar epithelium

A

Appearance: multiple layers
Function: lines glandular ducts
Location: pharynx, male urethra

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9
Q

Exocrine glands (merocrine, holocrine, apocrine)

A

Structure: unicellular and multicellular, DUCTS
Function: Secretes products to epithelium (ex. protein)

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9
Q

Loose Connective Tissue

A

Areolar, Adipose, Reticular

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10
Q

Endocrine glands (pituitary, thyroid and adrenal)

A

Structure: NO DUCTS
Function: secretes products into extracellular space by exocytosis (ex. hormones)

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11
Q

Areolar connective tissue

A

Wraps and cushions tissues, fights infection

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12
Q

Adipose connective tissue

A

absorbs shock, stores fat for energy

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13
Q

Reticular connective tissue

A

Provides support for cells, especially blood cells

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14
Q

Dense Connective Tissue

A

Dense Regular, Dense Irregular

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15
Q

Dense Regular tissue

A

Resists tension, connects bone and muscle

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16
Q

Dense Irregular Tissue

A

Resists stretching and distension along multiple planes

17
Q

Cartilage

A

Structure: Mostly water, avascular, flexible
Function: absorbs shock, maintains shape

18
Q

Bone

A

Structure: Collagen and Ca salts
Function: support and protection, stores fat, forms blood cells

19
Q

Muscle Tissue

A

Skeletal Muscle, Cardiac, Smooth Muscle

20
Q

Skeletal

A

Voluntary movement, striated

21
Q

Cardiac Muscle

A

Striated, branched arrangement

22
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

Involuntary, no striations

23
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Neurons, Neuroglia

24
Q

Neurons

A

Generate and conduct nerve impulses

25
Q

Neuroglia

A

Supports cells that insulate and protect neurons

26
Q

Cutaneous Membrane (external)

A

Structure: epidermis on top, dermis below

27
Q

Epidermis

A

Layers deepest to superficial:
Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Lucidum (only in thick skin)
Stratum Corneum

28
Q

Dermis

A

Papillary layer (superficial)= fingerprints
Reticular layer (deep)= cleavage lines

29
Q

Mucous Membrane (Internal)

A

Function: Line cavities open to the external environment
Location: Eyes, Respiratory tract

30
Q

Serous Membrane

A

Function: Lines cavities closed to external environment
Structure: Parietal membrane and visceral membrane

31
Q

Steps of tissue repair

A
  1. Injury occurs, histamine causes inflammation to dilate blood vessels
  2. Blood clot replaced by granulation tissue, established blood supply
  3. Scab detaches, epithelium thickens
32
Q

Hypodermis

A

Connects skin to underlying structures, insulation

33
Q

Pigments

A

Made of Melanin= shield nucleus from UV radiation, prevents cancer

34
Q

Hair

A

Structure: dead keratinized cells
Function: prevents heat loss, shields sunlight

35
Q

Nails

A

Structure: free edge, nail plate, root
Function: Protects distal/dorsal surface of fingers and toes

36
Q

Sweat glands

A

Eccrine gland and Apocrine sweat gland

37
Q

Eccrine gland

A

Structure: 99% water, NaCl, lactic acid
Function: regulates body temp via evaporation

38
Q

Apocrine Sweat gland

A

Structure: Composed of more fats and proteins
Function: Triggered by emotional stress

39
Q

Integumentary system

A

Protection, Excretion, Thermoregulation, Sensation

A&P1 (1 decks)

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