A&P chapter 6 Flashcards
_____ transmit information in the form of nerve impulses throughout the body
Neurons
___ are simple, rapid, involuntary, programmed responses to stimuli
reflexes
____ controls the tongue and lip movements required for speech
broca’s area
epinephrine is also known as ____
adrenaline
the brain disease ___ involves loss of function in two or more areas of cognition
dementia
t/f: myelin sheaths are also known as gray matter
false
t/f: for a cell membrane to respond to another stimulus, it must be repolarized
true
t/f: the diencephalon houses the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus
true
t/f: the majority of cranial nerves emanate from the frontal lobe
false
t/f: the two main types of meningitis are skeletal and muscular meningitis
false
what is the myelin sheath’s important purpose?
insulating axon fibers
what nerve impulses travel the fastest
an impulse signaling limb position
what is the membrane that protects the brain and spinal cord
meninges
how many pairs of cranial nerves and spinal nerves does the body have
12 cranial, 31 spinal
what is the most common type of traumatic brain injury (tbi)
concussion
temporal lobes?
The portion of the brain responsible for speech, hearing, vision, memory, and emotion
myelin sheath
The fatty bands of insulation surrounding axon fibers
multiple sclerosis
a chronic, slowly progressive disease of the central nervous system that destroys the myelin sheath of nerve cell axons
synapse
the intersection between a neuron and another neuron, a muscle, a gland, or a sensory receptor
nerve impulse
an electrical charge that travels along a nerve fiber when stimulates
norepinephrane
a neurotransmitter released by postganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous systems
cerebellum
the part of the brain that coordinates body movements and balance
paraplegia
a disorder characterized by loss of function in the trunk and legs
paravertebral ganglia
mass of nerve cell bodies bodies close to the spinal cord
autonomic reflexes
involuntary stimuli transmitted to cardiac and smooth muscle
central canal
d
pia mater
h
lateral horn of gray matter
g
dura mater
j
white matter
e
dorsal root ganglion
b
dorsal horn of gray matter
f
ventral root of spinal nerve
a
arachnoid mater
i
dorsal root of spinal nerve
c
describe the structures of the peripheral nervous system
The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves of the nervous system that send information to the central nervous system’s organs (brain and spinal cord) using neurons to do so.
explain the difference b/t dementia and Alzheimer’s disease
Dementia is a general term for decline in mental ability. Alzheimer’s is an actual disease, while dementia is not.
