A+P Chapter 1 Skeletal+muscular System Flashcards
How many bones are in the body?
206.
What is a joint?
A place on the body where two or more bones meet.
What are the two parts in the skeleton
Axial and appendicular.
What are the parts of the axial skeleton?
Skull, thoracic girdle and vertebral column
What are the parts of the appendicular skeleton?
Shoulder girdle and upper limbs and pelvic girdle and lower limbs.
Definition of the appendicular skeleton?
The bones of the upper and lower limbs and their girdles that join to the axial skeleton
Definition of the axial skeleton?
This forms the long axis of the body and includes the bones of the skull, spine and rib cage.
Definition of ligament?
A tough ban of fibrous tissue that attaches one bone to another.
Definition of tendon?
A very strong connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bone.
Name the 3 types of joints?
Fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial.
Describe a fibrous joint?
No movement allowed. The most stable. Examples include joints between the bones of the skull and between the fused bones of the sacrum and coccyx
Describe a cartilaginous joint?
Little movement allowed. Stable. Examples include joints between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae.
Describe a synovial joint?
Free movement allowed. It is the least stable. Examples include joints between the bones of the arms and legs.
Definition of diaphysis
The shaft or middle part of a long bone
Definition of the epiphysis?
The en portion of a long bone.
Definition of bone marrow?
Connective tissue found in the spaces inside bones. Site of blood cell production and fat storage.
Definition of articular cartilage?
A thin layer of smooth cartilage that is quite spongy and covers the end of bones at a joint.
Structure and function of ligament?
Structure- a band of strong fibrous tissue
Function- to connect bone to bone
Structure and function of synovial fluid?
Structure- slippery fluid the consistency of egg-whites that is contained in the joint cavity.
Function- to reduce friction between the articular cartilage in the joint.
Structure and function of articular cartilage?
Structure- smooth cartilage that is spongy and covers the end of bones in the joint.
Function- to absorb shock and prevent friction between bones.
Structure and function of the joint capsule?
Structure- tough, fibrous tissue that has two layers
Function- the fibrous capsule helps to strengthen the joint.
Name the 5 types of synovial joint?
Ball+socket, hinge, pivot, condyloid and gliding.