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pance neurology > A&P > Flashcards

A&P Flashcards

1
Q

the central nervous system consists of

A

the brain and spinal cord

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2
Q

the peripheral nervous system consists of

A

the peripheral nerves

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3
Q

The cerebrum consists of (3 parts)

A

cortex
basal ganglia
limbic system

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4
Q

function of the cortex

A

functions in higher brain processes such as thought and action. controls all voluntary activity (with the help of the cerebellum)

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5
Q

right and left cortex function

A

divided into two hemispheres

right side associated with creativity and the left side with logic

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6
Q

what connects the two hemispheres

A

the corpus callosum a bundle of axons

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7
Q

the 4 lobe divisions of the cerebral cortex

A

frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital

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8
Q

purpose of frontal lobe

A

reasoning, problem solving, parts of speech, movement and emotion

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9
Q

prefrontal cortex purpose

A

planning and consequences of action

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10
Q

purpose of parietal lobe

A

perception/recognition of stimuli, orientation and movement (body sensation and somatosensory)

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11
Q

purpose of temporal lobe

A

memory, perception/recognition of auditory stimuli and speech

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12
Q

purpose of occipital lobe

A

visual processing

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13
Q

basal ganglia function

A

voluntary motor movement, coordination, cognition and emotion

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14
Q

limbic system includes (4 parts)

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala and hippocampus

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15
Q

amygdala location and purpose

A

located: in the temporal lobe

involved in memory, emotion and fear

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16
Q

hippocampus purpose

A

learning and memory

converts short-term memory into long term memory

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17
Q

diencephalon two parts

A

thalamus and hypothalamus

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18
Q

location and function of the thalamus

A

located deep in the forebrain
processes nearly all sensory & motor information
relays info to and from overlying cortex
last relay site to all sensory input (except olfaction) before the information about sensory input reaches the cortex

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19
Q

location and function of the hypothalamus

A

located below and ventral to the thalamus

controls homeostasis

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20
Q

brainstem purpose and divisions (3)

A

controls vital life functions (breathing, heart rate, blood pressure)
midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata

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21
Q

midbrain purpose

A

controls eye movement, relays visual and auditory information

22
Q

pons purpose

A

regulates breathing, serves as a relay station between the cerebral hemisphere and the medulla. involved in motor control and sensory input

23
Q

medulla oblongata purpose

A

extension of the spinal cord (between pons and spinal cord)
regulated vital body functions (along with the pons) such as heart rate, breathing, autonomic centers, swallowing and coughing

24
Q

cerebellum location

A

posterior to the medulla

25
Q

cerebellum function

A

maintains posture and balance, coordinates voluntary movement and controls certain head and eye movements

26
Q

CN I

A

olfactory

27
Q

olfactory function

A

sensory

smell

28
Q

CN II

A

optic

29
Q

optic function

A

sensory

visual acuity, visual fields, pupillary light reflex (swinging light test)

30
Q

CN III

A

oculomotor

31
Q

oculomotor function

A

motor

inferior rectus, ciliary body

32
Q

CN IV

A

trochlear

33
Q

trochlear function

A

motor

superior oblique rectus

34
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal

35
Q

trigeminal function

A

both (M/S)
M: muscles of mastication, closing jaw, moves chin side to side
S: light tough (with cotton wisp) to test the 3 divisions of nerve

36
Q

three divisions of trigeminal sensory nerve

A

opthalmic
maxillary
mandibular

37
Q

CN VI

A

abducens

38
Q

abducens function

A 
motor
lateral rectus (lateral gaze)
39
Q

CNs that help with EOM

A

III, IV, VI

40
Q

CN VII

A

facial

41
Q

facial function

A

both (M/S)
M: muscles of facial expression
S: taste (anterior 2/3 of tongue)
somatic fibers expend to external ear

42
Q

CN VIII

A

acoustic vestibulocochlear

43
Q

vestibulocochlear function

A

sensory
hearing: speech, Weber & Rinne test
vestibular function: balance and proprioception

44
Q

CN IX

A

glossopharyngeal

45
Q

glossopharyngeal function

A

both (M/S)
M: swallow/gag reflux
S: taste (posterior 1/3 of tongue)

46
Q

CN X

A

vagus

47
Q

Vagus function

A

both (M/S)
M: voice, soft palate, gag reflux
S: relays to the brain sensory information about organs

48
Q

CN XI

A

accessory

49
Q

accessory function

A

Motor

shoulder shrug, turning head from side to side

50
Q

CN XII

A

hypoglossal

51
Q

hypoglossal function

A

motor

tongue: inspect for fasciculation and asymmetry

pance neurology (1 decks)

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