a&p Flashcards
What part of the homeostatic mechanism is a muscle or gland and causes the necessary change in the internal environment?
effector
what do we call a particle consisting of atoms joined together
molecule
What is not an effector for when body temperature gets too low
sweat glands, muscles, and skins
where is the control center for body temperature regulation
hypothalamus
what is the region medial to the lungs that contains the heart, esophagus, and thymus gland
pleural cavity
what is the name of the serous membrane that covers the abdominal organs
visceral peritoneum
What organ system transports fluids from tissue spaces to blood and defends the body against infections
lymphatic system
What type of body sections divide the body into superior and inferior sections
transverse sections
What abdominal region is directly lateral to the epigastric region
umbilical region
What is the anatomical name for the calf
sural
what is the most abundant element of the human body
oxygen
What is the mass number of the following atom proton=10, neutron=10, electron=10
20
What is the subatomic particle is different between two different isotopes of oxygen
number of neutrons
For an atom of an atomic number of 17, how many electrons are found in the second shell
8
What is formed when an atom losses an electron
cation
What kind of bond is formed between adjacent water molecules
hydrogen bonds
What is the pH solution with a hydrogen concentration of 0.0001 g/L
4
Which of the following is an example of a disaccharide
sucrose
What makes one amino acid different from another amino acid
the R group
What organic base (nitrogenous base) is only found on ribonucleic acid
uracil
What forms the main framework of the cell membrane and is the largest component of the cell membrane
phospholipid bilayer
What organelle conducts lipid synthesis
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
What part of the cell produces spindle fibers during cell division
centrioles
What cell extension is composed of actin and increases surface area for absorption
microvilli
What is the term for the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to region of lower water concentration
osmosis
What happens to a cell when it is placed in a hypotonic solution
gains water
What type of transport involves cell membrane engulfing droplets of liquid
pinocytosis
What type of metabolic reaction requires energy
anabolism
What is the division of the cytoplasm called during the cell cycle
cytokinesis
During which phase of mitosis, do the chromosome separate and move toward the opposite ends of the cell
anaphase
which of the following is an example of catabolism
hydrolysis
what type of bimolecule or macromolecule is an enzyme
protein
What is not a component of ATP
deoxyribose sugar
what is the small set of genetic information that code for proteins
exome
what type of bond links the complementary strands of DNA together
hydrogen bonds
Where does translation occur in the cell
ribosomes
What would the mRNA sequence be for the following DNA sequence TAC GCT
AUG CGA
What is the term for a set of three nucleotides bases in tRNA
anticodon
How many amino acids are used to make proteins in the human body
20
what type of intracellular junction is found in the muscle cells of the heart and the digestive tract
gap functions
What type of tissue has a free surface and sits on a basement membrane
epithelial tissue
What type of epithelial makes up the walls of the alveoli and capillaries
simple squamous epithelium
What type of gland is a goblet cell
unicellular exocrine
What type of gland is the sebaceous gland
holocrine
What type of fiber is found in ligaments and tendons
collagen
What is an example of loose connective tissue
reticular tissue
What type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs and menisci of the knee
fibrocartilage
What is not formed element of blood
erythrocytes
What type of muscle tissue is involuntary and made up of spindle shaped cells
smooth muscle
Which layer is not considered part of the skin
hypodermis
What type of epithelium makes up the epidermis of the skin
stratified squamous epithelium
which layer of the epidermis is directly superfical to the stratum basale
stratum lucidum
