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A&P final study guide > a&p > Flashcards

a&p Flashcards

1
Q

What part of the homeostatic mechanism is a muscle or gland and causes the necessary change in the internal environment?

A

effector

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2
Q

what do we call a particle consisting of atoms joined together

A

molecule

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3
Q

What is not an effector for when body temperature gets too low

A

sweat glands, muscles, and skins

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4
Q

where is the control center for body temperature regulation

A

hypothalamus

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5
Q

what is the region medial to the lungs that contains the heart, esophagus, and thymus gland

A

pleural cavity

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6
Q

what is the name of the serous membrane that covers the abdominal organs

A

visceral peritoneum

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7
Q

What organ system transports fluids from tissue spaces to blood and defends the body against infections

A

lymphatic system

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8
Q

What type of body sections divide the body into superior and inferior sections

A

transverse sections

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9
Q

What abdominal region is directly lateral to the epigastric region

A

umbilical region

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10
Q

What is the anatomical name for the calf

A

sural

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11
Q

what is the most abundant element of the human body

A

oxygen

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12
Q

What is the mass number of the following atom proton=10, neutron=10, electron=10

A

20

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13
Q

What is the subatomic particle is different between two different isotopes of oxygen

A

number of neutrons

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14
Q

For an atom of an atomic number of 17, how many electrons are found in the second shell

A

8

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15
Q

What is formed when an atom losses an electron

A

cation

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16
Q

What kind of bond is formed between adjacent water molecules

A

hydrogen bonds

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17
Q

What is the pH solution with a hydrogen concentration of 0.0001 g/L

A

4

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18
Q

Which of the following is an example of a disaccharide

A

sucrose

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19
Q

What makes one amino acid different from another amino acid

A

the R group

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20
Q

What organic base (nitrogenous base) is only found on ribonucleic acid

A

uracil

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21
Q

What forms the main framework of the cell membrane and is the largest component of the cell membrane

A

phospholipid bilayer

22
Q

What organelle conducts lipid synthesis

A

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

23
Q

What part of the cell produces spindle fibers during cell division

A

centrioles

24
Q

What cell extension is composed of actin and increases surface area for absorption

A

microvilli

25
Q

What is the term for the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from a region of higher water concentration to region of lower water concentration

A

osmosis

26
Q

What happens to a cell when it is placed in a hypotonic solution

A

gains water

27
Q

What type of transport involves cell membrane engulfing droplets of liquid

A

pinocytosis

28
Q

What type of metabolic reaction requires energy

A

anabolism

29
Q

What is the division of the cytoplasm called during the cell cycle

A

cytokinesis

30
Q

During which phase of mitosis, do the chromosome separate and move toward the opposite ends of the cell

A

anaphase

31
Q

which of the following is an example of catabolism

A

hydrolysis

32
Q

what type of bimolecule or macromolecule is an enzyme

A

protein

33
Q

What is not a component of ATP

A

deoxyribose sugar

34
Q

what is the small set of genetic information that code for proteins

A

exome

35
Q

what type of bond links the complementary strands of DNA together

A

hydrogen bonds

36
Q

Where does translation occur in the cell

A

ribosomes

37
Q

What would the mRNA sequence be for the following DNA sequence TAC GCT

A

AUG CGA

38
Q

What is the term for a set of three nucleotides bases in tRNA

A

anticodon

39
Q

How many amino acids are used to make proteins in the human body

A

20

40
Q

what type of intracellular junction is found in the muscle cells of the heart and the digestive tract

A

gap functions

41
Q

What type of tissue has a free surface and sits on a basement membrane

A

epithelial tissue

42
Q

What type of epithelial makes up the walls of the alveoli and capillaries

A

simple squamous epithelium

43
Q

What type of gland is a goblet cell

A

unicellular exocrine

44
Q

What type of gland is the sebaceous gland

A

holocrine

45
Q

What type of fiber is found in ligaments and tendons

A

collagen

46
Q

What is an example of loose connective tissue

A

reticular tissue

47
Q

What type of cartilage is found in the intervertebral discs and menisci of the knee

A

fibrocartilage

48
Q

What is not formed element of blood

A

erythrocytes

49
Q

What type of muscle tissue is involuntary and made up of spindle shaped cells

A

smooth muscle

50
Q

Which layer is not considered part of the skin

A

hypodermis

51
Q

What type of epithelium makes up the epidermis of the skin

A

stratified squamous epithelium

52
Q

which layer of the epidermis is directly superfical to the stratum basale

A

stratum lucidum

A&P final study guide (1 decks)

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