A long and illustrious history Flashcards
Learn the history of the UK
Who were the first people to live in Britain?
The first people to live in Britain were hunter-gatherers in what is called the Stone Age
When was Britain connected to the continent by a Land Bridge
Britain was connected to the continent for much of the Stone Age
When did Britain become permanently separated from the continent?
Britain became permanently separated from the continent by the channel about 10’000 years ago.
When did the first farmers arrive in Britain?
The first farmers arrived about 6’000 years ago.
Where did the ancestors of the first farmers come from?
The ancestors of these first farmers probably came from south-east Europe.
What is one of the monuments of the first people?
One monument is Stonehenge which stands in the county of Wilthsire
What is the best preserved pre-historic village in nothern Europe?
The best preserved pre-historic village in northern Europe is Skara Brae on Orkney off the North Coast of Scotland.
When was the Bronze Age?
About 4’000 years ago
How did people live in the Bronze Age
People lived in roundhouses and buried their dead in tombs called barrows
what followed the Bronze Age?
The Iron Age
What were some characteristics of the Bronze Age
People were accomplished metalworkers and made many beautiful objects in bronze and gold including ornaments and weapons.
What were some characteristics of the Iron Age
- People still lived in round houses
- Grouped together in larger settlements
- sometimes defended sites called hill forts
Where can an impressive Iron Age hill fort still be seen today.
An impressive Iron Age hill fort can still be seen in Maiden Castle in Dorset.
What were most people in the Iron Age
Most people were farmers, craft workers, or warriors
What was the main family of languages spoken at the time?
Celtic languages were the main family.
Similar languages were spoken across Europe in the Iron Age.
Related languages are still spoken today in parts of Wales, Scotland, and Ireland
When were the first coins minted in Britain?
During the Iron Age. Some inscribed with Iron Age kings.
This marks the beginning of British History
What marks the beginning of British history?
The minting of coins during the Iron Age
Who led and when was the Roman invasion of Britain
Julius Caesar led a Roman invasion in 55 BC.
It was unsuccessful and Britain remained separate from the Roman Empire for nearly 100 years.
Which Roman empower succeeded in occupying Britain?
Emperor Claudius
Who was one of the tribal leaders who fought against the Romans?
Boudicca, the queen of the Iceni in what is now Eastern Englands
Who were the ancestors of the Scottish People?
The Picts
What areas of Britain were never conquered by the Romans?
Scotland
What did the Emperor Hadrian build and where?
Emperor Hadrian built a wall in Northern England to keep out the Picts.
Included in Hadrians wall were a number of forts. what are the names?
The forts of Housesteads and Vindolanda can still be seen. The area is also a UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation) World Heritage Site
How long did the Romans remain in Britain?
Romans remained in Britain for 400 years
What were some of the contributions of Romans?
they built roads, public buildings, created a structure of law, and introduced new plants and animals.
When did the first Christian communities begin to appear in Britain
3rd - 5th century AD
When did the Roman army leave Britain/
The Roman army left Britain in AD410 and never returned.
Who came after the Romans left?
Britain was invaded by tribes from Northern Europe;
- The Jutes
- The Angles
- The Saxons
what was the basis for modern-day English?
The languages of the jutes, the angles, and the saxons combined with the normans is the basis for modern day English
By when were Anglo-Saxon kingdoms established in Britain
They were established by AD 600.
The kingdoms were mainly in what is now England.
Where was the burial place of one of the Anglo-Saxon kings
Sutton Hoo in modern Suffolk was on of the burial places.
This king was buried with treasure and armor, all placed in a ship and then covered by a mound of earth
Were all parts of Britain ruled by Anglo Saxons?
No, parts of west Britain including what is now Wales, and Scotland remained free of Anglo-Saxon rule
when did Christianity come to Britain
Christianity came during the anglo-Saxon period.
Who were the most famous missionaries from Ireland
St. Patrick
St. Columba - founded a monastery on the island of Iona off the coast of Scotland
St. Augustine - who led missionaries from Rome and spread Christianity from the south
