A General Approach to Ill and Injured Children Flashcards
Manifestations of CNS hypoxia
Irritability, confusion, delirium seizures and unresponsiveness
Manifestations of CV compromise
Tachycardia, diaphoresis, bradycardia and hypotension
In sick children, more than half have this system affected, 25% have this alternative system affected
Respiratory system followed by CV system
Tachycardia and tachypnea in a child who is 1 month to 1 year old
HR > 180, RR > 34
In a child who is 1 month to 1 year old what is systolic hypotension and what is the 50th percentile for SBP
Less than 75, 85-95
Tachycardia and and tachypnea in a child > 1 year to 5 years is defined as
HR > 140, RR > 22
In a child who is > 1 year to 5 years old what is systolic hypotension and what is the 50th percentile for SBP
Less than 74, 88-95
Tachycardia and and tachypnea in a child 5-12 years is defined as
HR >130, RR >14
In a child who is 5 years to 12 years old what is systolic hypotension and what is the 50th percentile for SBP
Less than 83, 96-106
Tachycardia and and tachypnea in a child 12-18 years is defined as
HR >120, RR >14
In a patient who is 12 years to 18 years old what is systolic hypotension and what is the 50th percentile for SBP
Less than 90, 108-118
How the children respond to increasing respiratory distress?
reduce the tidal volume and increase the respiratory rate
true or false; small infants depend more on diaphragmatic motion during respiratory distress
true
How does Grunting arise in infants and young children?
During expiration and the glottis closes. Grunting occurs whenever escapes through and actively closed glottis in attempts to maintain functional residual capacity.
HoW his respiratory Center disease manifest in children?
Irregular respiratory pattern with pauses or apnea.
What is the most common cause of hypoxemia in children?
Hypoventilation and ventilation perfusion mismatch.
What his cardiac output?
This is equal to the mean arterial pressure divided by the systemic vascular resistance, scratch that. Cardiac output is also the product of stroke volume and heart rate
true or false: in cardiogenic shock the heart rate may be normal or only modestly elevated?
True
What percentage of the circulating volume and needs to be decreased in children to result in hypotension?
50%
True or false: In a code situation it is inappropriate to use any existing Broviac, port, PICC line for axis
False
True or false: There is evidence that the use of albumin or sympathetic colloids in pediatric septic shock has shown benefit.
False.
True or false: Dextrose containing solution should not be used for initial resuscitation.
True; there is increased risk for hypoglycemia and secondary osmotic diuresis and neurologic injury.
