A. Bacteria 1 Flashcards
Are bacteria prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes.
How are bacteria classified?
By shape, need for oxygen, and the diseases they cause.
What is the shape of bacillus bacteria?
Rod-shape.
What is the shape of spirilla bacteria?
Spiral-shaped.
What is the shape of coccus bacteria?
Spherical
What does the prefix “diplo” mean.
Refers to two bacteria.
What does the prefix “strepto” mean?
Refers to a chain of bacteria.
What does the prefix “staphylo” mean?
Refers to a cluster of bacteria.
What is capsule?
A protective outer layer found in some prokaryotes.
What are pill used for?
Used in conjugation.
What is a plasmid?
Small, circular loops of DNA
What do bacterial cell walls contain?
Peptidoglycan.
What are gram-positive bacteria?
Bacteria with thick peptidoglycan layer in their cell wall.
What are gram-negative bacteria?
Bacteria with thin peptidoglycan layer and an additional outer membrane.
What is binary fission?
A form of asexual reproduction where a bacterial cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
What is bacterial conjugation?
The transfer of genetic material (plasmids) between bacterial cells.
What structure is used for Conjugation?
Pili.
Why is conjugation important ?
It creates genetic diversity among bacteria.
How do prokaryotes help animals?
They make vitamins, break down food, and help keep harmful bacteria in check.
Where do prokaryotes live in animals?
In the digestive system
Name a good bacterial genus found in the gut.
Lactobacillus
Name a harmful bacterial genus
Clostridium
