A

Question 1

What is stimulability testing? How would you do it?

Answer 1

Stimulabilty testing is a way to determine if someone has an articulation disorder. You can have the child imitate the clinician’s model.

Question 2

Understand what is meant by “percent of occurrence” of a phonological process.

Answer 2

How many times the child exhibits phonological process out of number of opportunities.

Question 3

Know diagnostic characteristics of childhood apraxia of speech

Answer 3

• moderate-severe problems w/intellig
• connected speech less intellig. than singles
• intellig often affected by length and complex
• inconsistent errors
• unusual articulation errors
• resonance problems
• prosodic problems
• increase freq of disfluencies
• sound/syllable sequencing problems
• slow progress in therapy, oral apraxia

Question 4

Mass/Blocked v. Distribution/Random. Which type is better for new skills? Skill generalization?

Answer 4

new skills= blocked, easier to learn if clumped

generalization= random

Question 5

Understand the concept of positive reinforcement. Which type is better for new skills vs. generalized

Answer 5

more in the beginning, less in the end

Question 6

Understand concept of progressing through linguistic levels in therapy, hierarchy of cueing procedures implemented in therapy.

Answer 6

1. verbal cognitive stage
2. associative stage
3. autonomous stage

Question 7

Verbal Cognitive Stage

Answer 7

• figuring out what to do and when
• large amount of gross errors
• inter-trial variability
• lots of attention/self talk
• instructions, feedback useful

Question 8

Associative Stage

Answer 8

• org more effective movement patterns
• some inconsistency, less self-talk
• timing increased and movements b/come grooved
• detect own errors

Question 9

Autonomous Stage

Answer 9

• actions don’t demand attention
• motor programs are longer
• sensory analysis is auto
• self-talk can be destructive

Question 10

Minimal Pairs

Answer 10

two words used, 1 phoneme changed

Question 11

What is minimal pairs/contrast therapy good for?

Answer 11

• consistent speech errors
• phonological processes
• reduce homonyms
• artic errors

Question 12

Method to treat phonological awareness

Answer 12

• phoneme identification
• phoneme blends
• rhyming
• phoneme deletion

Question 13

Common errors of hearing impaired children?

Answer 13

voiced-voiceless
omissions/distortions esp in initial and final cons
nasalization
substitution

Question 14

Types of tx for Hearing Impaired?

Answer 14

Auditory Verbal
Auditory Oral
Association Method
Cued Speech

Question 15

What do you need to analyze with CAS students?

Answer 15

• phonetic inventory
• receptive v. expressive skills
• intention to comm
• control of muscle movements

Question 16

Approaches to treating CAS?

Answer 16

Nancy Kaufman's shaping approach
Total Comm
Integral Stim
Enhanced Sensory Feedback
Prosodic Approach
Melodic Intonation
Cued Speech
Oral Motor Approach

Question 17

Who might have oral motor problems?

Answer 17

Dysarthria, CAS, cleft, Down’s, speech delay

Question 18

Best treatment for kids who can’t pronounce /r/?

Answer 18

think of phonemes as 21 unique sounds, 1 phoneme and sound position at a time (traditional approach)

Question 19

Sounds by 3 yrs

Answer 19

h,w,m,n,b,f

Question 20

Sounds by 4 yrs

Answer 20

d, t, j, k, g, ing

Question 21

Sounds by 6 yrs

Answer 21

l, dz, tl, sh, v

Question 22

Sounds by 8 yrs

Answer 22

match adult

Question 23

Suppressed at 3 yrs

Answer 23

initial ans final cons, fronting

Question 24

Suppressed between 3.5-4

Answer 24

cluster reduction, weak syllable deletion

Question 25

Suppressed between 3.5-5

Answer 25

stopping, ch, th

Question 26

Suppressed after 5

Answer 26

gliding