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NCM 112 > A > Flashcards

A Flashcards

1
Q

PREOPERATIVE NURSING

A

a nursing specialty that works with patients who are having operative or invasive procedures.

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2
Q

T/F

Preoperative nursing is only the nursing care during the operation

A

FALSE: Before, during and after the operation

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3
Q

works closely with Surgeons, Anesthesiologists, Nurse Anesthetists, Surgeon’s Assistants, Surgical Technologists and Nurse Practitioners

A

PREOPERATIVE NURSE

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4
Q

PRIMARY GOAL OF PERIOPERATIVE NURSING

A

Safety and welfare of the client in all phases of the perioperative experience

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5
Q

branch of medicine that encompasses pre-operative, intra-operative judgments and management, and post-operative care of patients.

A

Surgery

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6
Q

invasive incision into body tissue or minimally invasive entrance into a body cavity for either therapeutic or diagnostic purposes during which protective reflexes or self- care abilities are potentially compromised.

A

Surgical Procedure

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7
Q

absence of microorganisms that cause disease

A

Asepsis

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8
Q

prevention of sepsis by destruction or inhibition of growth or multiplication of microorganisms from body tissue or fluids

A

Antisepsis

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9
Q

inorganic chemical compound that combat sepsis by inhibiting growth of microorganisms without necessarily killing them. Used in skin/tissues without destroying them.

A

Antiseptic

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10
Q

inhibition growth of bacteria

A

Bacteriostasis

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11
Q

apparently healthy person who harbors and can transmit a pathogenic Microorganism

A

Carrier

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12
Q

agents that kill growing or vegetative form of microorganism that completely eliminating them form inanimate objects

A

Disinfectants

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13
Q

Types of Disinfectants:

A

Bactericide
Fungicide
Sporicide
Virucide

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14
Q

bacteria or fungi normally inhabiting the body

A

Flora

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15
Q

free of microorganisms including spores

A

Sterile

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16
Q

the method by which contamination with microorganism is prevented to maintain sterility all throughout the operative procedure

A

Sterile/Aseptic technique

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17
Q

the area around the incision site or site of introduction of any instrumentation that has been prepared for use of sterile supply and equipment

A

Sterile field

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18
Q

the process by which all
pathogenic and non-pathogenic
microorganism are killed
including spores

A

Sterilization

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19
Q

the chamber or equipment used
to attain physical or chemical
sterilization. Also known as
autoclave

A

Sterilizer

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20
Q

above/beyond

A

SUPRA

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21
Q

above/beyond

A

SUPRA

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22
Q

joint

A

ARTHRO

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23
Q

bule/gallbladder

A

CHOLE

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24
Q

urinary bladder

A

CYSTO

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25
Q

intestine

A

ENTERO

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26
Q

HYSTERO

A

Uterus

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27
Q

NEPHRO

A

kidney

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28
Q

MAST

A

breast

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29
Q

Nerve

A

Neuro

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30
Q

Lungs

A

Pneumo

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31
Q

Pyelo

A

Kidney/Pelvis

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32
Q

Thoraco

A

Chest

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33
Q

Muscle

A

Myo

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34
Q

Oophor

A

Ovaries

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35
Q

Fallopian Tube

A

Salpigno

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36
Q

-oma

A

tumor

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37
Q

-ectomy

A

Removal of organ or gland

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38
Q

Stitching or a part of an organ

A

-rrhaphy

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39
Q

making an

opening or stoma

A

-ostomy

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40
Q

to repair or restore

A

-plasty

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41
Q

-cele/coele

A

hernia/swelling (denoting to a cavity or

space)

42
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

43
Q

Common categories for sugery

A 
Aim
Urgency
Seriousness
Field
Surgical Approach
44
Q

A surgery that can establish whether a person has a particular illness, disease or condition,

A

Diagnostic

45
Q

Removal of tissues to stop a disease from happening. There is no problem/condition yet.

A

Preventive

46
Q

Surgical removal of tissue. Involves removing diseased or severely damaged body parts. (Non functional)

A

Ablative

47
Q

Restore use or improve appearance. May achieve both

A

Reconstructive

48
Q

the aim is to reduce pain,
control symptoms and improve
quality of life when there is no chance
of cure.

A

Palliative

49
Q

this surgery is to replace a body part that no longer

works properly

A

Transplantation

50
Q

must be done as soon as possible to save the
person’s life or preserves the function of
a body part.

A

Emergency surgery

51
Q

is not urgent but must be done at some point for the sake of the person’s ongoing health or quality of life or because the person chooses to have an operation which may be helpful but is not necessarily essential

A

Elective

52
Q

– presents a low risk of complications and fast recovery time. The person can usually go home the same day.

A

Minor surgery

53
Q

such as surgery to the organs of the head, chest and abdomen. Examples of this type of surgery include organ transplant, removal of a brain tumor, and removal of a damaged kidney or open-heart surgery. The person will
need to stay in the hospital for some time. The risk of complications may be high and the person will take a longer time to recover.

A

Major Surgery

54
Q

Orthopaedic surgery

A

musculoskeletal system

55
Q

Ocular surgery

A

eyes

56
Q

Neurosurgery

A

brain and spinal cord

57
Q

Cardiac surgery

A

heart and surrounding blood vessels

58
Q

Surgical oncology

A

treats cancer

59
Q

Surgical oncology

A

treats cancer

60
Q

Bariatric surgery

A

treats obesity

61
Q

ORNAP-PCS

A

Operating Room Nurses Association of the Philippines - Philippines College of Surgeons

62
Q

OR NURSE QUALIFICATION

A

With at least 6 months experience as a
staff nurse in a surgical ward.

With KSA relevant to perioperative
nursing practice.

An active member of the ORNAP

63
Q

DIFFERENT ROLES OF NURSES IN THE CARE OF SURGICAL CLIENTS

A

CLINICAL UNIT NURSE
OPERATING ROOM NURSE
NURSE ANESTHETIST
PACU NURSE

64
Q

Responsible for the safe care of clients during surgery

A

OPERATING ROOM NURSE

65
Q

Responsible for the care of clients in the pre and postoperative period

A

CLINICAL UNIT NURSE

66
Q

Assist the anesthesiologist, both responsible for the safe delivery of anesthesia

A

NURSE ANESTHETIST

67
Q

Responsible for the care of clients in the immediate post anesthesia and postoperative period

A

PACU NURSE

68
Q

CAN BE CATEGORIZED BY BROAD TECHNIQUE

A

SURGICAL APPROACH

69
Q

TRADITIONAL APPROACH. THE SURGEON MAKES A LONG LARGE INCISION TO ACCESS THE INTESTINAL ORGANS.

A

OPEN SURGERY

70
Q

THE SURGEON MAKES SEVERAL SMALL CUTS/INCISIONS INSTEAD OF A LARGE ONE. SLENDER SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS ARE PASSED THROUGH THESE INCISIONS. THIS IS A SPECIAL VIEWING TUBE FITTED WITH A LIGHT SO THE SURGEON CAN SEE THE INTERNAL ORGANS

A

KEYHOLE SURGERY

71
Q

IS USED FOR DELICATE WORK ON VERY SMALL BODY STRUCTURES. USES DELICATE EQUIPMENT AND MICROSCOPES TO MAGNIFY THE ARE TO BE OPERATED ON.

A

MICROSUGERY

72
Q

PHASES OF PERIOPERATIVE NURSING

A

o PRE-OPERATIVE
o INTRAOPERATIVE
o POST OPERATIVE

73
Q

From the time the decision is made for a surgical intervention to the time patient is transferred on the operating room table.

A

PRE-OPERATIVE PHASE

74
Q

WHAT ARE THE (16)THINGS NEEDED TO ASSES IN THE PREOPERATIVE PHASE

A
  1. Identify obvious risk factors for surgery related complications
  2. Assess Nutritional Status
  3. Assess respi status
  4. Cardiovascular status
  5. Assess for reports and evidence of F/E Imbalance
  6. Renal and Helatic Funct.
  7. Examine clients record for endocrinw and metabolic problem
  8. Immunologic and hematologic funct
  9. Neurologic funct
  10. Integ
  11. Evaluate Medication history
  12. Obtain history of drug and alchohol abuse
  13. Assess for any prosthetics and implants
  14. Client and family’s knowledge
  15. Consider psychosocial factors
  16. Patient’s spiritual and cultural beliefs
75
Q

ASSESS CLIENTS W SPECIAL NEEDS

A
  1. Ambulatory Surgical Patients
  2. Age-Extreme Patients
  3. Patients w disability
  4. Patients w nutritional needs
  5. Patients w diabetes
  6. Pregnant Surgical Patients
  7. Obese patients
  8. Clients undergoing emergency
76
Q

To identify hyper/hypokalemia

A

Serum K(Potassium)

77
Q

To identify hyper/hyponatremia, dehydration and overhydration

A

Serum Na (Sodium)

78
Q

To identify hyper/hypoglycemia

A

Glucose (FBS) Fasting blood sugar

79
Q

Identify impaired liver,kidney function or excessive protein or tissue catabolism

A

BUN (blood urea nitrogen)

80
Q

Identify acute or chronic renal disease

A

Creatinine

81
Q

Determine presence and extent of anemia

A

Hemoglobin / Hematocrit

82
Q

identify blood clotting dysfunction

A

Prothrombin time

83
Q

to identify deficiency of coagulation factors

A

Partial Thromboplastin Time

84
Q

to determine size and contour o the heart, lungs and major vessels

A

Chest x-ray

85
Q

to determine the electrical activity of the heart

A

Electrocardiogram

86
Q

NURSING DIAGNOSIS

A
  1. Anxiety
  2. Pain
  3. Deficient knowledge
87
Q
  • A legal document
  • Guards the client against unmanned invasive procedures
  • Protects the health care facility and personnel
A

INFORMED CONSENT

88
Q

is a child who has been granted the status of

adulthood by a court order or other formal arrangement.

A

emancipated minor

89
Q

NURSES’ ROLE IN INFORMED CONSENT

A
  • May witness the IC process between the physician and the patient
  • May not be delegated with the responsibility of obtaining an IC on behalf of the physician
  • May witness the signature of the patient on the consent form
  • However, in much the same way that the physician must discuss the medical information concerning the treatment or the procedure, a nurse also has an independent duty to inform the patient of nursing care and services rendered.
90
Q

PREOPEARTIVE TEACHING

A
  • Deep breathing, coughing exercise & incentive spirometry
  • Turning of extremity exercise. Mobility and active body movement.
  • Pain control/management
91
Q

Purpose: to render the surgical site free from microorganisms, dirt, and skin oils

A

Preparing the skin

92
Q

Mechanical Cleaning:

A

Bathing patient prior to surgery (antiseptic solution)

93
Q

If the operation is in the distal portion clean from

A

2 inches

94
Q

o Reduce the possibility of vomiting and aspiration during anesthesia
o Reduce possibility of bowel obstruction
o Prevent contamination from fecal material during intestinal or bowel surgery

A

Preparing the Gastrointestinal Tract: done the night prior to surgery

95
Q

Preparing the Gastrointestinal Tract include:

A
  1. Restricting food and fluids/NPO
  2. Administration of enema as needed
  3. Insertion of GI tubes when appropriate (NGT, Rectal tubes)
96
Q

C. Preparing for Anesthesia: The Anesthesiologist / Nurse Anesthetist must:

A
  1. Do pre-op visit, check CP clearance, neurological examination
  2. Discuss type of anesthesia
  3. Address fears concerning anesthesia
97
Q

PREPARING CLIENT ON THE DAY OF THE SURGERY

A

✓ Check and carry out doctors order
✓ Ensure checking of vital signs, ID bands, skin prep as ordered, NPO status and urine output
✓ Remove jewelries, dentures, braces, nail polish, contact lens, make ups and underwear
✓ If wearing a hearing aid, notify OR nurse
✓ Continue to assess for anxiety/fear

98
Q

WOUND CLOSURE TECHNIQUES

A

o SUTURES
o STAPLES
o ADHESIVE SKIN GLUE

99
Q

➡ Sterile strands prepared from a collagen derived from healthy mammals
➡ Don’t require your doctor to remove them. This is because enzymes found in the tissues of your body naturally digest them
➡ Ex. Gut, Polydioxanone (PDS), Poliglecaprone (MONOCRYL), Polyglactin (Vicryl).

A

Absorbable suture

100
Q

are strands of material that effectively resist enzymatic digestion or absorption of living tissues

A

Non-absorbable suture-

101
Q

Surgical staple remover

A

Provides a fast and easy removal of all brands of surgical skin staples for versatile use

scissor style

102
Q

Used after a surgery or traumatic injury to bind together external or internal tissue

A

SURGICAL SKIN SEALANTS (SKIN GLUE)

NCM 112 (2 decks)

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