a Flashcards
Which is a method of preserving a wine?
1) Vacuum System
2) Blanket System
3) Decanting
4) Dosage
- 1, 3 & 4
- 2, 3 & 4
- 1 & 2
- 1, 2, 3 & 4
1 & 2
How many 125ml of wine can you get from one standard bottle of wine?
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
6
A friend stores his wines in a box in the back of a motor home he takes away for annual trips. He asks you if he is doing the wrong thing. Choose the two best replies?
- The van is going to get hot in summer and will cook the wine
- The vibrations will disturb the wine
- The strong UV light will ruin the wine
- Are you nuts!
- 1 & 2
- 1 & 3
- 2 & 3
- 3 & 4
1 & 2
Which of these in food make a wine taste richer and fuller bodied?
- Sugar
- Acidity
- Bitterness
- Umami
Acidity
Bitterness in food tends to make wine taste?
- Sweeter
- More bitter
- Salty
- More fruity
More bitter
Umami in food tends to make wine?
- Less astringent and bitter, less acidic, more sweet and more fruity
- More astringent and bitter, more acidic, less sweet and less fruity
- Less astringent and bitter, less acidic, less sweet and less fruity
- Less astringent and bitter, more acidic, more sweet and less fruity
More astringent and bitter, more acidic, less sweet and less fruity
Sugar in food tends to make wine?
- Less astringent and bitter, less acidic, more sweet and more fruity
- More astringent and bitter, more acidic, less sweet and less fruity
- Less astringent and bitter, less acidic, less sweet and less fruity
- Less astringent and bitter, more acidic, more sweet and less fruity
More astringent and bitter, more acidic, less sweet and less fruity
Acidity in Food?
- Increases the perception of body, sweetness and fruitiness in wine
- Increases the perception of acidity in wine
- Decreases the perception of body, sweetness and fruitiness in wine
- None of the above
Increases the perception of body, sweetness and fruitiness in wine
Salt in food tends to make wine?
- Less astringent and bitter, less acidic, more sweet and more fruity
- More astringent and bitter, more acidic, less sweet and less fruity
- Less astringent and bitter, less acidic, less sweet and less fruity
- Less astringent and bitter, more acidic, more sweet and less fruity
Less astringent and bitter, less acidic, more sweet and more fruity
Which soil type has the poorest drainage?
- Clay
- Sand
- Gravel
- Chalk
Clay
The following are all examples of what type of climate?
Mod -> Chianti, Carneros
Warm ->Chateauneuf, Napa Valley
Hot -> Murray-Darling
- Mediterranean climate
- Maritime climate
- Continental climate
- Monsoon climate
Mediterranean climate
The following are all examples of what type of climate? Cool -> Champagne, Mosel Mod -> Burgundy, Central Otago, Barolo Warm -> Ribera Del Duero, Mendoza Hot -> La Mancha, Port
- Mediterranean climate
- Maritime climate
- Continental climate
- Monsoon climate
Continental climate
Mediterranean climate can be described as?
- High continentality, low rainfall and a very sunny growing season.
- Low to medium continentality, medium to high rainfall all year long and often a cloudy growing season.
- Low to medium continentality, low to medium rainfall mainly in winter and a sunny growing season.
- High continentality, low rainfall and often with foggy morning and high cloud cover.
Low to medium continentality, low to medium rainfall mainly in winter and a sunny growing season.
Which of the following about vineyards near oceans is NOT true?
- Vineyards often experience wetter conditions
- Diurnal temperature range tends to lower
- Vineyards beside oceans are always cooled by ocean currents
- There is often a lower risk of frost
Vineyards beside oceans are always cooled by ocean currents
What is the minimum temperture for photosynthesis?
- > 0° C
- > 10° C
- > 15 ° C
- > 22 ° C
> 10° C
Of the following inputs to a vine, which will vary the least from season to season?
- CO2
- Heat
- Sunlight
- Nutrients
CO2
Great Aunt Morag decides that she wants to share her grapevine with her son. She gave a cutting to him which he planted and a vine grew. Is it a?
- Crossing
- Clone
- Hybrid
- Mutation
Clone
Pinot Noir as a grape variety is known to randomly change. For example, in the past it has suddenly produced a grey version and was renamed as Pinot Gris, a white grape version has appeared and is called Pinot Blanc. All three grapes are related to each other. What are they?
- Crossings
- Grafts
- Hybrids
- Mutations
Mutations
Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc got together in Bordeaux to create Cabernet Sauvignon. This is an example of a?
- Crossing
- Clone
- Hybrid
- Mutation
Crossing
Which statement about Buds is false?
- They form the year before
- They contain immature inflorescence
- They generally only form on shoots at the end of the growing season.
- The number of bunches each bud produces is dependent upon the amount of sun the bud receives when it is a cane.
The number of bunches each bud produces is dependent upon the amount of sun the bud receives when it is a cane.
Which statement is NOT true about Permanent Wood?
- It is at least 2 years old
- It has bark
- Cordon is an example of permanent wood
- Buds typically burst from permanent wood
Buds typically burst from permanent wood
Which of these statements about Inflorescence is wrong?
- Inflorescence include flowers bunched together before fertilisation.
- Flowers created the year before.
- Each flower in the Inflorescence that is successfully pollinated, will become a berry.
- The number of flowers is proportional to the age of the vine.
The number of flowers is proportional to the age of the vine.
Shoots are?
- The arms of a vine made up of 2+ year old wood. Restricted by pruning.
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 8-20 buds and is quite long
- This year’s growth
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 2-3 buds and is quite short
This year’s growth
A Cordon is?
- The arms of a vine made up of 2+ year old wood. Restricted by pruning.
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 8-20 buds and is quite long
- This year’s growth
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 2-3 buds and is quite short
The arms of a vine made up of 2+ year old wood. Restricted by pruning.
A Spur is?
- The arms of a vine made up of 2+ year old wood. Restricted by pruning.
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 8-20 buds and is quite long
- This year’s growth
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 2-3 buds and is quite short
1-year old wood pruned often with 2-3 buds and is quite short
A Cane is?
- The arms of a vine made up of 2+ year old wood. Restricted by pruning.
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 8-20 buds and is quite long
- This year’s growth
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 2-3 buds and is quite short
1-year old wood pruned often with 8-20 buds and is quite long
Tendrils are?
- The structure the vine uses to support itself by winding themselves tightly around trellis wires to keep the shoot right
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 8-20 buds and is quite long
- 1-year old wood pruned often with 2-3 buds and is quite short
- The unfertilised flowers of a vine
The structure the vine uses to support itself by winding themselves tightly around trellis wires to keep the shoot right
Which statement about Root Stocks is false?
- Root stocks are used because they are disease resistant.
- Root stocks allow the grower to match different root stocks to different soils.
- Changing root stocks while the plant is growing is known as head grafting.
- Root stocks can be used to manage yield.
Changing root stocks while the plant is growing is known as head grafting.
Grapes are typically grown between?
- 20° and 40° latitude North and South of the equator
- 30° and 50° latitude North and South of the equator
- 20° and 50° latitude South of the equator
- 20° and 50° latitude North of the equator
30° and 50° latitude North and South of the equator
Which of these statements about too much rain near harvest is false?
- The grapes become bigger
- Flavours and sugars will be diluted
- Increases the size of the crop
- Increases the colour in red wines
Increases the colour in red wines
Which one of these techniques is not used in canopy management?
- VSP
- Trellising
- Inter row spacing
- Passerillage
Passerillage
Which one of these is not a reason for selecting a grape variety to grow
- Budding times
- Rippening times
- Leaf colour
- Resistance to certain diseases
Leaf colour
Which vineyard has the aspect to give it the highest amount of sun.
- North facing slope in the northern hemisphere
- South facing slope in the southern hemisphere
- North facing slope in the Southern hemisphere
- A flat vineyard at 50° Latitude.
North facing slope in the Southern hemisphere
An aspiring wine maker in Bordeaux decides to create his own version of Cabernet Sauvignon. He polinates a Cabernet Franc with Sauvignon Blanc. The resulting grape is what?
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Cabernet Franc
- Sauvignon Blanc
- A new grape variety
A new grape variety
Which is not a method of controlling yield in a typical season?
- Green harvest
- Winter pruning
- Irrigation
- Mechanical Harvesting
Mechanical Harvesting
Put the growth cycle in order
- Veraison, Budburst, Flowering, Fruit set, Ripening
- Budburst, Flowering, Fruit set, Veraison, Ripening
- Budburst, Flowering, Veraison, Fruit set, Ripening
- Budburst, Veraison, Flowering, Fruit set, Ripening
Budburst, Flowering, Fruit set, Veraison, Ripening
Frost flows in a similar way to
- Ice
- Water
- Steam
Water
Which statement about soils is FALSE
- Light coloured soils reflect the suns energy and don’t radiate heat into the vineyard.
- Wet soils take longer to warm up and tend to cool the vine
- Rocky soils tend to absorb and radiate heat warming the vineyard.
- Rocky soils on slops near rivers tend to pull the water up a hill making vineyards wet and susceptible to frost
Rocky soils on slops near rivers tend to pull the water up a hill making vineyards wet and susceptible to frost
When plants are photosynthesising which of the following equations is correct?
- 02 + Sunlight + Chlorophyll => Sugars + CO2
- C02 + Sunlight + Chlorophyll => Sugars + O2
- 02 + Heat + Chlorophyll => Sugars + O2
- C02 + Sunlight + Veraison => Sugars + O2
C02 + Sunlight + Chlorophyll => Sugars + O2
Which part of the grapes does not contain tannins
- Stems
- Bloom
- Seeds
- Skin
Bloom
A friend opens a bottle of wine and discovers what looks like glass on the bottom of the cork. You tell her to?
- Don’t worry, you can drink it, just filter out the glass first
- Don’t worry, they are tartrate crystals, harmless
- It’s lumps of glue used to hold some types of corks together.
- It is residual yeast from a second fermentation in bottle. It’s harmless but does the wine taste ok, is it fizzy?
Don’t worry, they are tartrate crystals, harmless
Free run juice is?
- Less likely to contain bitterness from pips
- The excessive juice when a winery breaches the maximum allowed yield under its PDO.
- Is the most coloured of all juice off the press.
- Most acidic of all the juice.
Less likely to contain bitterness from pips
Which statement about skin contact is false?
- Colour, flavour and tannins are extracted from the skin
- The longer the skin contact, the more the extraction
- Not all red wines are made from skin contact
- Many whites are made without skin contact
Not all red wines are made from skin contact
Which statement is true about small barrels?
- They have the largest effect on wines, giving more flavour, tannins and oxidative effects
- They have less effect on the wine, giving less flavour. tannins and oxidative effects
- Are much cheaper to make and use so are more cost effective.
- Are perfect for barrel fermentation of red wines
They have the largest effect on wines, giving more flavour, tannins and oxidative effects
MLF can be inhibited by?
- All of the below.
- Filtering out the bacteria
- Adding SO2 after alcoholic fermentation
- Keeping the wine cool
All of the below.
Which statement about Malolactic Fermentation (MLF) is false?
- The bacteria is sensitive to SO2 and can be stopped by it
- Lowers the perceived acidity in a wine by converting the crisp malo acid to softer lactic acid
- Can suppress the varietal purity and can add butter, hazelnut flavours
- All white wines and most reds undergo MLF
All white wines and most reds undergo MLF
Which statement about Ambient Yeast is false?
- Ambient Yeast must be kept at an ambient temperature of 18-20°C to ferment correctly
- It is found throughout the winery and on the bloom
- Adds complexity to the wine but results can be random
- Many ambient yeast can be killed off with SO2
Ambient Yeast must be kept at an ambient temperature of 18-20°C to ferment correctly
Which one of these will not stop fermentation?
- Lowering the temperature to near 0°C
- When the alcohol rises to over 15.5% abv
- Adding SO2
- Chaptalisation
Chaptalisation
What is the typical range of fermenting red wines?
- 12°C to 32°C
- 5°C to 12°C
- 20°C to 32°C
- 12°C to 22°C
20°C to 32°C
What is the typical range of fermenting white wines?
- 12°C to 32°C
- 4°C to 12°C
- 30°C to 32°C
- 12°C to 22°C
12°C to 22°C
What is the typical range at which yeast can ferment?
- 0°C to 38°C
- 5°C to 58°C
- 15°C to 58°C
- 5°C to 35°C
5°C to 35°C
Which is not a by-product of Alcoholic Fermentation?
- Heat
- Flavour
- Carbon Dioxide
- Sugar
Sugar
RCGM means?
- Racing car from General Motors
- Restrict Carbonation Generating Maceration
- Rectified Concentrated Grape Must
- Reduced Concentrated Grape Maceration
Rectified Concentrated Grape Must
Adding tartaric acid to a wine will?
- Increase the acidity in the wine or must
- Decrease the acidity in the wine or must
- This is known as de-acidification
- Increase the tannins in the wine or must
Increase the acidity in the wine or must
Adding an Alkali will?
- Increase the acidity in the wine or must
- Decrease the acidity in the wine or must
- increase the tannins in the wine or must
- decrease the tannins in the wine or must
Decrease the acidity in the wine or must
During winemaking, pressing grapes harder will?
- Increase the amount of wine and it will be smoother.
- Decrease the amount of wine. Higher alcohols will be squeezed out and evaporate as ‘the angel’s share’ during maturation.
- Increase the amount of juice but at the risk of increased bitter components.
- If the pressure is high enough you can extract blood from a stone mixed in the grapes.
Increase the amount of juice but at the risk of increased bitter components.
Which of these yeast and bacteria converts Malic acid to Lactic acid?
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Brettanomyces
- Lactic acid bacteria
Lactic acid bacteria
Which of these yeast and bacteria give a plastic, sticking plaster, smoked meat and/or leather notes to a wine?
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Brettanomyces
- Lactic acid bacteria
Brettanomyces
Which of these yeast and bacteria is the main yeast used for wine production?
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Brettanomyces
- Lactic acid bacteria
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Sulphur Dioxide is an antiseptic, which one of these is the least susceptible?
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Brettanomyces
- Lactic acid bacteria
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
What is the correct order for typical red wine production?
- Crush, press, ferment, maturation, bottling
- Crush, ferment, press, bottling, maturation
- Crush, ferment, press, maturation, bottling
- Crush, ferment, maturation, press, bottling
Crush, ferment, press, maturation, bottling
Which one of these is NOT a flavour associated with oak barrels?
- Coconut
- Charred wood
- Leather
- Vanilla
Leather
Which one of these is not a method specifically used in anaerobic winemaking?
- Use of SO2 at harvest time
- Picking at night when it is cooler
- Fermentation in stainless steel
- The use of specially cultured yeast strains
The use of specially cultured yeast strains
Which aspect is considered the optimum in the northern hemisphere?
- North
- South
- North-East
- West
South
Which of the following statements about bag-in-box containers is FALSE?
- Bag-in-box packs collapse as the wine is consumed avoiding air contact.
- Bag-in-box packs are most suitable for wines intended for early consumption.
- Bag-in-box packs can be used for long-term storage of wines.
- Bag-in-box packaging is generally lighter than glass bottles.
Bag-in-box packs can be used for long-term storage of wines.
Which one of the following statements best describes a typical maritime climate?
- Hot summers, mild winters, low rainfall
- Very hot summers, very cold winters, rainfall mostly in winter months
- Warm summers, very cold winters, low annual rainfall
- Warm summers, mild winters, rainfall all year round
Warm summers, mild winters, rainfall all year round
Which of the following is commonly used as an antioxidant and antiseptic in wineries?
- Hydrogen dioxide
- Nitrogen dioxide
- Sulfur dioxide
- Carbon dioxide
Sulfur dioxide
Which of the following is most likely to carry out deacidification?
- A producer of high alcohol wines.
- A winemaker using malolactic fermentation.
- A winery in a cool climate region.
- A vineyard with high limestone content.
A winery in a cool climate region.
How is the temperature of a vineyard affected when situated near a body of water?
- Moderated by the slower temperature change of the water.
- Cooler due to the larger amount of rainfall.
- Unaffected by the water.
- Warmer due to the evaporation of the water.
Moderated by the slower temperature change of the water.
Compared to the fermentation of white wines, fermentation of red wines takes place at
- Around the same temperature
- A higher temperature
- A lower temperature
- It varies depending on the producer
A higher temperature
What is fining?
- A method of drying grapes on the vine for use in sweet wines.
- The process of leaving a wine on the fine lees for a period of time to add complexity.
- It is part of canopy management to remove excess foliage after veraison.
- A method of making unstable particles in wine clump together and deposit to improve clarity.
A method of making unstable particles in wine clump together and deposit to improve clarity.
How can yeasts and bacteria in a finished wine be killed or removed?
- Addition of sulphur dioxide
- Sedimentation
- Carbonic Maceration
- Filtration
- 2 and 3
- 1 and 2
- 1 and 4
- All of the above
1 and 4
Which of the following is UNLIKELY to be carried out for an inexpensive wine?
- High yields
- Barrel ageing
- Bulk shipping
- Mass production
Barrel ageing
Why is must enrichment carried out?
- To reduce the levels of malic acid in the must.
- To increase the sweetness levels of a wine post-fermentation.
- To raise the sugar levels in the must which in turn has the effect of raising alcohol levels in the final wine.
- To increase the flavours and tannins in red winemaking.
To raise the sugar levels in the must which in turn has the effect of raising alcohol levels in the final wine.
Which of the following would give the greatest level of oak flavours during the maturation of a wine?
- Large new oak barrels
- Small new oak barrels
- Small old oak barrels
- Large old oak barrels
Small new oak barrels
Which of the following can be beneficial in the vineyard under certain circumstances?
- Nematodes
- Phylloxera
- Powdery Mildew
- Botrytis Cinerea
Botrytis Cinerea
How can vines be protected against phylloxera?
- Spraying with Bordeaux mixture
- Grafting onto American rootstocks
- Training using the cordon system
- Protection using netting
Grafting onto American rootstocks
Which of the following would NOT be ideal in a soil used for viticulture?
- A high proportion of clay.
- Relatively few nutrients.
- Water storage for the growing season.
- Good drainage.
A high proportion of clay.
Which of the following terms would best describe a vine produced from TWO parent plants from different vine species?
- Graft
- Hybrid
- Clone
- Crossing
Hybrid
Which of the following stages of the vineyard annual growth cycle comes first?
- Harvest
- Fruit Set
- Véraison
- Budburst
Budburst
A taster assessing a young Muscadet notes that the wine is unusually deep and brown in appearance, and has a nose like a Madeira or Cream Sherry. What is the most likely wine-fault?
- TCA
- Excess sulphur dioxide
- Oxidation
- Volatile acidity (VA)
Oxidation
Which one of the following best describes aromas associated with reduction?
- The smell of nail polish remover.
- The smell of damp cardboard.
- The smell of smoked meat.
- The smell of rotten eggs.
The smell of rotten eggs.
What is the impact on wine if it is over-chilled?
- The flavours lose their freshness and become muddled.
- The flavours become masked.
- The body of the wine appears fuller.
- The tannins appear softer on the palate.
The flavours become masked.
What component of a wine can be detected by a hot, burning sensation at the back of the mouth?
- Tannin
- Body
- Acidity
- Alcohol
Alcohol
Using the Systematic Approach to Tasting, which one of the following characteristics of a wine can be assessed on the palate only?
- Fruit character
- Sweetness
- Fruit intensity
- Development
Sweetness
Acid in food can make wine seem
- More bitter and less acidic.
- More fruity and less acidic.
- More bitter and more acidic.
- Less fruity and more acidic.
More fruity and less acidic.
Which of the following statements on food and wine pairing is FALSE?
- Dessert wines should always be sweeter than the dessert to avoid seeming unpleasantly dry.
- Umami in food makes wines taste sweeter.
- Acidic foods may render a balanced wine flat-tasting.
- The more intense the attributes of a wine, the more obvious the interactions with food will be.
Umami in food makes wines taste sweeter.
Which of the following aspects of a food could help make a tannic wine more palatable?
- Salt
- Acidity
- Sugar
- Chilli
Salt
Which one of the following red wines could be served lightly chilled?
- Barbaresco
- Valpolicella
- Bairrada
- Brunello di Montalcino
Valpolicella
How do the Vosges mountains affect the climate of Alsace?
- Moderate vineyard temperatures
- Provide eastern slopes for the morning sun
- Shelter vineyards from rain-bearing winds
- Encourage warm winds from the south
- 1, 3 and 4 only
- 1 only
- All of the above
- 2 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
Which of these terms best describes the climate of Bordeaux?
- Moderate maritime
- Warm mediterranean
- Cool continental
- Warm maritime
Moderate maritime
Which ONE of the following grape varieties is used in small proportions to contribute grapey, floral flavours to some Bordeaux white wines?
- Aligoté
- Muscadelle
- Muscat
- Sylvaner
Muscadelle
What does domaine mean in Burgundy?
- The wine has been made, matured and bottled by the grape grower.
- The vineyard belongs to one owner.
- The wine is from a Premier Cru vineyard.
- The wine has been produced by a co-operative.
The wine has been made, matured and bottled by the grape grower.
Which of the following AC wines benefit from a series of amphitheatre-like slopes which act as suntraps?
- Rully AC
- Pouilly-Fuissé AC
- Meursault AC
- Chablis AC
Pouilly-Fuissé AC
What is the major climatic problem faced by growers in Chablis?
- Temperatures dropping to below -20C in winter.
- Heavy autumn rainfall.
- Spring frosts.
- Intense summer sun.
Spring frosts.
What is the grape variety of Condrieu AC ?
- Viognier
- Chardonnay
- Sémillon
- Chenin Blanc
Viognier
Which one of the following is incorrectly matched?
- Nahe and Schlossböckelheim
- Rheingau and Johannisberg
- Pfalz and Nierstein
- Mosel and Wehlen
Pfalz and Nierstein
Which is the correct increasing order of grape sugar ripeness for Prädikatswein in Germany?
- Beerenauslese, Spätlese, Auslese, Trockenbeerenauslese
- Spätlese, Kabinett, Beerenauslese, Auslese
- Auslese, Spätlese, Kabinett, Beerenauslese
- Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Trockenbeerenauslese
Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Trockenbeerenauslese
Which of the following is likely to be the ripest in style with more sweetness and body than the others?
- Kabinett
- Spätlese
- Qualitätswein
- Auslese
Auslese
In which country is Grüner Veltliner the most extensively planted grape variety?
- Hungary
- Austria
- Greece
- Germany
Austria
Which of the following pairs are correctly matched?
- Coteaux du Layon and Anjou-Saumur
- Chinon and Central Vineyards
- Vouvray and Nantais
- Muscadet and Touraine
Coteaux du Layon and Anjou-Saumur
Which of the following best describes the soil of the Mosel?
- Chalk
- Granite
- Sand
- Slate
Slate
Which of the following is a commercially important speciality of Muscadet AC?
- Carbonic Maceration
- Late harvesting
- Sur lie ageing
- Barrel fermentation
Sur lie ageing
Which of the following is the most important variety for red wine production in Germany?
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Zweigelt
- Xinomavro
- Pinot Noir
Pinot Noir
The Danube plays an important influence on the wines of which of the following PDO?
- Wachau
- Piesport
- Tokaj
- Santorini
Wachau
Which is a principal grape variety of the Tokaj region?
- Xinomavro
- Naoussa
- Zweigelt
- Furmint
Furmint
What is the main difference between an AC Bordeaux wine and an AC Bordeaux Supérieur?
- AC Bordeaux Supérieur is made from lower yielding vines
- AC Bordeaux Supérieur is made from a higher proportion of Cabernet Sauvignon
- AC Bordeaux Supérieur has stricter rules and has a higher minimum alcohol.
- AC Bordeaux Supérieur wines have longer ageing in oak
AC Bordeaux Supérieur has stricter rules and has a higher minimum alcohol.
Which of these regions is not part of the Haut Medoc?
- Pauillac
- Saint-Estephe
- Pomerol
- Saint-Julien
Pomerol
Which one of these viticultural techniques is not used in Bordeaux?
- Spraying
- Green harvest
- VSP
- Gobelet
Gobelet
Which is not a grape variety grown in Bordeaux?
- Petit Verdot
- Cabernet Franc
- Sémillon
- Syrah
Syrah
Which of these hazards are NOT common in Bordeaux?
- Spring frosts
- Coulure
- Millerandage
- Downy mildew
Spring frosts
The climate in Bordeaux is maritime. What does this mean?
- Low continentality, high diurnal, rain only in winter
- High continentality, high diurnal, rain all year long
- Low continentality, low diurnal, rain only in winter
- Low continentality, low diurnal, rain all year long
Low continentality, low diurnal, rain all year long
Which comment about Gravel soils is not correct?
- Gravel soils have good drainage.
- Gravel soils tend to be warming.
- Chlorosis is common.
- Gravel soils do not hold on to water.
Chlorosis is common.
What is the name of the current that runs down the side of Bordeaux?
- Humbolt Current
- Benguela Current
- Gulf Stream
- Western Australian Current
Gulf Stream
What grape variety is used to make Bandol AC?
- Cabernet Franc
- Tannat
- Mourvèdre
- Malbec
Mourvèdre
Which of the following is NOT a cru in Beaujolais?
- Brouilly
- Mercurey
- Morgon
- Fleurie
Mercurey
In which district of Bordeaux is the “Cru” classification of Châteaux incorporated into the AC system?
- Pessac-Léognan
- Haut -Médoc
- Graves
- Saint-Émilion
Saint-Émilion
What is the typical period of barrel ageing for a top red Burgundy?
- 6-9 months
- 2-3 years
- 3-5 years
- 16-18 months
16-18 months
Carbonic Maceration is used in the production of which of the following wines?
- Beaujolais
- Chablis
- Muscadet
- Pomerol
Beaujolais
Which of the following is a dry red wine?
- Savennières
- Côteaux du Layon
- Bourgueil
- Vouvray
Bourgueil
In which one of the following ACs do galets play an important role in aiding grape ripening?
- Vouvray
- Châteauneuf-du-Pape
- Hermitage
- Médoc
Châteauneuf-du-Pape
The wines of AC Gigondas are most similar in style to which of the following?
- Châteauneu-du-Pape
- Moulin-à-Vent
- Crozes-Hermitage
- Coteaux du Layon
Châteauneu-du-Pape
Which of the following is a Grand Cru vineyard?
- Meursault
- Gevrey-Chambertin
- Montrachet
- Beaune
Montrachet
Which of the following best describes the wines of AC Madiran?
- Low tannin, fruity red wines with bubblegum-like character.
- Sweet white wines with notes of apricot, honey and vanilla.
- Crisp light white wines with aromas and flavours of green apples.
- Full-bodied red wine with concentrated black fruit.
Full-bodied red wine with concentrated black fruit.
Which of the following Northern Rhône PDOs is likely to produce lighter styles of Syrah?
- Côte-Rôtie
- Crozes-Hermitage
- Cornas
- Hermitage
Crozes-Hermitage
Which one of the following ACs produces wines most similar in style to those of red Bordeaux?
- Beaune
- Madiran
- Cahors
- Bergerac
Bergerac
Which area of the Loire is the most commercially significant producer of rosé wines?
- Central Vineyards
- Touraine
- Anjou-Saumur
- Nantais
Anjou-Saumur
What are considered the most important local varieties in southern France?
- Grenache and Carignan
- Carignan and Cinsault
- Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah
- Syrah and Grenache
Syrah and Grenache
Where is AC Volnay?
- Chablis
- Côte de Nuits
- Côte Chalonnaise
- Côte de Beaune
Côte de Beaune
What is the key grape variety in Côtes de Gascogne?
- Madiran
- Ugni Blanc
- Malbec
- Tannat
Ugni Blanc
Which one of these cannot be a sweet wine?
- Sauternes
- Juranςon
- Monbazillac
- Madiran
Madiran
The soils in Beaujolais are?
- Granite
- Limestone
- Chalk
- Kimmeridgian Clay
Granite
What is the correct order for Carbonic Maceration?
1) Whole grapes are blanketed in CO2
2) Grapes burst and fermentation by yeast continues off the skin
3) Grape cells produce alcohol
- 1,2,3
- 1,3,2
- 3,2,1
- 2,1,3
1,3,2
For Carbonic Maceration the grapes must be?
- Perfectly ripe
- Whole bunches
- Machine harvested
- Crushed as soon as possible to avoid oxidation
Whole bunches
Which of these are likely to have the lowest ripeness
- Saint-Véran
- AC Mâcon
- AC Mâcon Villages
- AC Mâcon Lugny
AC Mâcon
The climate of Vougeot is described as?
- Cool Continental
- Moderate Continental
- Warm Continental
- Cool Maritime
Moderate Continental
The climate of Chablis is described as?
- Cool Continental
- Moderate Continental
- Cool Maritime
- Warm Mediterranean
Cool Continental
Rully, Givry, Mercurey and Montagny are all communes from?
- Côte de Nuits
- Côte d’Or
- Côte Chalonnaise
- Côte de Beaune
Côte Chalonnaise
Chablis Grand Cru Vineyards typically deal with the high risk of frost by?
1) Installing sprinklers
2) Being on slopes
3) Facing North
- 1 only
- 1 & 2 only
- 1, 2 & 3
- None of the above
1 & 2 only
What is this wine?
BEAUNE
Lulune
Appellation Beaune Controlée
- Regional Wine
- Commune / Village
- Premier Cru
- Grand Cru
Commune / Village
A wine that comes from the Chambertin vineyard, is an example of a?
- Regional Wine
- Commune / Village
- Premier Cru
- Grand Cru
Grand Cru
Which of these wines does this description best fit? A white wine that is full bodied with tropical fruit, peach and melon and some oak.
- Chablis
- Macon
- Pouilly Fuissé
- Morgon
Pouilly Fuissé
Put these regions in order North to South?
- Chablis, Cote d’Or, Cote Chalonnaise, Mâconnais, Beaujoiais
- Chablis, Cote Chalonnaise, Cote d’Or, Beaujoiais, Mâconnais
- Chablis, Cote d’Or, Cote Chalonnaise, Beaujoiais, Mâconnais
- Cote d’Or, Chablis, Cote Chalonnaise, Beaujoiais, Mâconnais
Chablis, Cote d’Or, Cote Chalonnaise, Mâconnais, Beaujoiais
Which is NOT a grape variety grown in Burgundy?
- Chardonnay
- Pinot Noir
- Gamay
- Aligoté
- All of the above are grown in Burgundy.
All of the above are grown in Burgundy.
Edelzwicker means
- A sweet wine made with botrytis grapes
- An Alsace wine made from a blend of grapes
- The name of a Grand Cru Vineyard in Alsace
- The building where hobbit-like vineyard workers take shelter from the heat of the sun.
An Alsace wine made from a blend of grapes
Which best describes Gewurztraminer from Alsace?
- Full-bodied, rich, oily texture, low alcohol, high acidity flavours of rose, lychee and spice
- Light-bodied, high acidity, low to medium alcohol with flavours of lemon and tar
- Light-bodied, high acidity with flavours of rose, rose, lychee and spice
- Full-bodied, rich, oily texture, high alcohol, low to medium acidity with flavours of rose, lychee and spice
Full-bodied, rich, oily texture, high alcohol, low to medium acidity with flavours of rose, lychee and spice
Which best describes Riesling from Alsace?
- Medium to full bodied, high acidity, stony/steely notes, lemon and peach aromas developing into petrol-like aromas.
- Light bodied, high acidity, lemon and peach aromas developing into leather like aromas.
- Light bodied, high acidity, flinty mineral notes, lemon and peach aromas developing into petrol-like aromas.
- Full bodied, low acidity, flinty mineral notes, lemon and peach aromas developing into petrol-like aromas.
Medium to full bodied, high acidity, stony/steely notes, lemon and peach aromas developing into petrol-like aromas.
Which statement about Vendange Tardive is not correct?
- Higher minimum sugars are required
- Must be made from the 4 noble varieties
- Passerillage can sometimes occur
- The grapes undergo Passito
The grapes undergo Passito
Sélection de Grains Nobles means?
- Noble rotted grapes
- The French term for drying grapes on mats
- Late harvest
- Part of the grape sorting process where only the best grapes are used.
Noble rotted grapes
Vendange Tardive means?
- Noble rotted grapes
- The French term for drying grapes on mats
- Late harvest
- A classic French truck, used traditionally to move the harvested grapes around the region.
Late harvest
Which set of grapes are all considered Noble Varieties in Alsace?
- Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris, Muscat
- Pinot Blanc, Sylvaner, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris
- Pinot Blanc, Sylvaner, Riesling, Gewurztraminer
- Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Muscat, Riesling
Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris, Muscat
Which statement about the Vosges Mountains is most TRUE?
- They provide altitude meaning the vineyards are above the fog zone.
- They protect the vineyards from rain by forcing clouds to rain on the west side of the mountains, causing clear blue skies on the east slopes that have vines.
- The South West slopes help capture the sun’s energy
- They provide a barrier to phylloxera
They protect the vineyards from rain by forcing clouds to rain on the west side of the mountains, causing clear blue skies on the east slopes that have vines.
The climate in Alsace is best described as?
- Cool to Moderate Continental
- Warm Mediterranean
- Warm Continental
- Warm Maritime
Cool to Moderate Continental
The main difference between wines from Coteaux du Layon and Savenniéres is?
- They are both dessert wines, but Coteaux du Layon often is infected with botrytis, while Savenniéres is not.
- They are both dessert wines, but Coteaux du Layon is made from Cheinin Blanc while Savenniéres is made from Sauvignon Blanc.
- They are both mde from Chenin Blanc. Coteaux du Layon is a sweet botrytis wine, while Savenniéres is a dry wine made from late harvested grapes.
- They are both sources of fruit for brandy. But Coteaux du Layon often distilled using a continuous still.
They are both mde from Chenin Blanc. Coteaux du Layon is a sweet botrytis wine, while Savenniéres is a dry wine made from late harvested grapes.
都在Loire Valley
A wine is high in acidity with medium body, flavours of green pepper, gooseberry, and flinty gun smoke aroma. Where is it from?
- Pouilly-Fumé
- Coteaux du Layon
- Muscadet
- Savenniéres
Pouilly-Fumé
The key white grape variety used in Anjou Saumur & Touraine for dry, sweet and sparkling wines is?
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Pinot Noir
- Chenin Blanc
- Melon Blanc
Chenin Blanc
What is Grolleau?
- A type of trellising system designed to keep the grapes close to the soils.
- A red grape variety used to make still and sparkling Rosé wines in Anjou.
- A type of yeast known to give wines a banana and tropical fruit character.
- A method of spraying vineyards to ensure all moulds and mildews are targeted.
A red grape variety used to make still and sparkling Rosé wines in Anjou.
The climate in Central Vineyards is?
- Maritime
- Warm Continental
- Cool Continental
- Mediterranean
Cool Continental
The climate in Nantais is?
- Maritime
- Continental
- Mediterranean
- Sub tropical
Maritime
The climate in the Southern Rhone is
- Continental
- Arctic
- Mediterranean
- Maritime
Mediterranean
Which of these grape varieties gives deep colour and high tannins to the best Southern Rhone reds?
- Grenache
- Mourvèdre
- Cinsault
- Clarette
Mourvèdre
Galets is?
- A white grape that is used to make White Châteauneuf-du-Pape
- A method of trellising often used in Southern Rhone
- Large round stones found in Châteauneuf-du-Pape, they give extra warmth at the end of the day
- A Châteauneuf-du-Pape lookalike
Large round stones found in Châteauneuf-du-Pape, they give extra warmth at the end of the day
Which one of these wines cannot be a red Châteauneuf-du-Pape lookalike?
- Gigondas
- Vacqueyras
- Tavel
- Lirac
Tavel
Many Northern Rhone vineyards are on the south slopes of steep hills partly to give shelter from the wind. What is the name of the wind?
- Tramontane
- French Southern winds
- Mistral
- Cape Doctor
Mistral
Côte-Rôtie is often blended with a small amount of which white grape variety?
- Roussane
- Marsanne
- Bourboulenc
- Viognier
Viognier
Hermitage wines can be red or white, what is the dominant grape blend for white Hermitage?
- Viognier and Roussane
- Roussane and Bourboulenc
- Marsanne and Roussane
- Bourboulenc and Viognier
Marsanne and Roussane
Which Northern Rhone wine region makes exclusively white wines?
- Condrieu
- Côte-Rôtie
- Cornas
- Saint Joseph
Condrieu
A Rhone Valley wine has high tannins, deep colour and flavours of blackberry and black pepper. What is it?
- Condrieu
- Tavel
- Côte-Rôtie
- Bourgeuil
Côte-Rôtie
Which Southern French region is known for making wines dominated by Mourvèdre?
- Pic St Loup
- Corbières
- Bandol
- Côtes de Provence
Bandol
Which grape variety gives high tannins, acidity and colour, lacks fruit but can produce huge yields?
- Grenache
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Cinsault
- Carignan
Carignan
The climate in the Southern France is?
- Moderate Continental
- Warm Mediterranean
- Moderate Mediterranean
- Warm Maritime
Warm Mediterranean
What is the name of the cool winds that come down the Rhone Valley
- Tramontane
- Southern winds
- Mistral
- Cape Doctor
Mistral
What is the name of the westerly winds between Massif Central and Pyrenees?
- Tramontane
- Southern winds
- Mistral
- Cape Doctor
Tramontane
Bernkastel and Piesport are both villages in?
- Pfalz
- Mosel
- Rheinhessen
- Nahe
Mosel
Forst and Deidesheim are both villages in?
- Rheingau
- Rheinhessen
- Pfalz
- Mosel
Pfalz
Which one of these Prädikaswein levels can include dry wines?
- Auslese
- Beerenauslese
- Trockenbeerenauslese
- Eiswein
Auslese
A wine with the term Grosses Gewächs on the label means?
- The wine is Dry Qualitätswein from a top producer.
- The wines must come from Nahe.
- The wines come from Deidesheim and are not very good.
- The wines are Deutscher Wein made in huge quantities.
The wine is Dry Qualitätswein from a top producer.
Of the following German quality standards which, if any, are PDO’s?
1) Qualitätswein
2) Prädkatswein
3) Deutscher Wein
4) Landwein
- 1
- 2
- 1 & 2
- 1, 2 & 3
- 1, 2, 3 & 4
1 & 2
Which of these weather effects are not common in Germany?
- Wet summers, with risks of moulds and mildews.
- Dry Autumn giving long growing season.
- Winter & spring frost.
- Drought
Drought
The climate in Germany is generally considered?
- Cool Continental
- Moderate Continental
- Warm Maritime
- Cool Maritime
Cool Continental
What is the correct order of German Prädikatswein from lowest to highest sugar levels of the grapes?
- Trockenbeerenauslese, Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese and Beerenauslese
- Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Trockenbeerenauslese, Kabinett
- Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Trockenbeerenauslese
- Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Trockenbeerenauslese, Kabinett
Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beerenauslese, Trockenbeerenauslese
Which region is most likely to produce dry, quite full bodied Rieslings with peachy aromas?
- Wachau
- Neusiedlersee
- Weinviertel
- Burgenland
Wachau
Which two sub regions are part of Niederösterreich?
- Weinviertel, Burgenland
- Wachau, Neusiedlersee
- Wachau, Weinviertel
- Pfalz, Franken
Wachau, Weinviertel
A white wine that is full bodied with citrus or stone fruit, white pepper, honey and toast and ages well. Which grape variety does this best describe?
- Blaufränkisch
- Zweigelt
- St Laurent
- Grüner Veltiner
Grüner Veltiner
What is the correct order of sweetness?
- Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beernauslese, Trokenbeernauslese, Ausbruch
- Spätlese, Auslese, Beernauslese, Ausbruch, Trokenbeernauslese, Kabinett
- Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beernauslese, Ausbruch, Trokenbeernauslese
- Spätlese, Auslese Beernauslese, Trokenbeernauslese, Kabinett, Ausbruch
Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese, Beernauslese, Ausbruch, Trokenbeernauslese
Which is the best description of Strohwein or Schilfwein??
- Late harvest and generally not infected with botrytis.
- Dry berry select harvest. Individual grapes are selected that are infected with botrytis to the point that they have dried out and are shrivelled up. There is still lots of sugar in these grapes, they have just lost lots of water. The must weight is so high that the yeast would go over 15% abv (killing the yeast) before all the sugar is fermented and so cannot make a dry style.
- Grapes are harvested then dried out on straw mats over winter increasing the concentration of sugars.
- Select harvest and may have some botrytis but the must weight is low enough so that all the sugar can be fermented to dry.
Grapes are harvested then dried out on straw mats over winter increasing the concentration of sugars.
The Austrian climate has?
- High diurnal temperature range in the North helping the wines to retain acidity.
- Burgenland has warming easterly winds come from the Hungarian plain.
- Burgenland has lakes where misty conditions help create noble rot.
- All of the above
All of the above
The climate in Wachau is described as?
- Cool Continental
- Warm Continental
- Cool Maritime
- Warm Mediterranean
Cool Continental
Which one of these styles is made by adding botrytis grapes to a white base wine made from non botrytis infected grapes, macerated for 12 to 60 hours, then pressed and matured in oak?
- Tokaji Aszú
- Tokaji Szamorodni
- Tokaji Eszencia
- Non-botrytis wines
Tokaji Aszú
Put these Tokaji wines in the correct order of sweetness:
- Tokaji Aszú 6 Puttonyos, Tokaji Aszú 5 Puttonyos, Tokaji Eszencia
- Tokaji Aszú 6 Puttonyos, Tokaji Eszencia, Tokaji Szamorodni
- Tokaji Eszencia, Tokaji Late Harvest, Tokaji Aszú 6 Puttonyos
- Tokaji Szamorodni, Tokaji Aszú 5 Puttonyos, Tokaji Eszencia
Tokaji Szamorodni, Tokaji Aszú 5 Puttonyos, Tokaji Eszencia
Which of these Tokaji styles is made from fermented free run juice of botrytis grapes and has sugar levels of >450g/l (It would be classed as Luscious in the WSET SAT)?
- Tokaji Late Harvest
- Tokaji Aszú 5 Puttonyos
- Tokaji Szamorodni
- Tokaji Eszencia
Tokaji Eszencia
Which style of Tokaji translates to ‘As it comes’ and is a mix of botrytis and non-botrytis grapes, which can be dry or sweet? Dry wines must be aged in partly-full casks and a flor-like sherry yeast forms on top during the ageing.
- Tokaji Aszú Eszencia
- Tokaji Aszú 6 Puttonyos
- Tokaji Szamorodni
- Tokaji Eszencia
Tokaji Szamorodni
Which of these Tokaji wines will have the highest sugar?
- Tokaji Szamorodni
- Aszú 5 Puttonyos
- Aszú 3 Puttonyos
- Aszú 6 Puttonyos
Aszú 6 Puttonyos
Which grape is not used in Tokaji?
- Furmint
- Hárslevelű
- Sárga Muscotály
- Agiorgitiko
Agiorgitiko
The climate in Greece can be best described as?
- Warm Maritime
- Warm Continental
- Hot Mediterranean
- Hot Maritime
Hot Mediterranean
Which of these regions is known for growing Xinomavro?
- Naoussa
- Santorini
- Nemea
- Yecla
Naoussa
Which one of these grapes produces a wine with high round tannins, high acidity, sweet red fruits and spice, grown in Nemea?
- Assyrtiko
- Agiorgitiko
- Xinomavro
- Yecla
Agiorgitiko
Which one of these grapes produces a white wine grown in Santorini?
- Assyrtiko
- Agiorgitiko
- Xinomavro
- Yecla
Assyrtiko
Pfalz is very close to the French border, and the vineyards can be viewed as a continuation of those in Alsace; the Vosges mountain range have a considerable impact on the vineyards of Alsace. However, what is the effect of the Haardt mountains on the vineyards of Pfalz?
- They create rain shadows, making the area dry with risk of water stress.
- Altitude causes lower temperatures, later ripening and increased risk of hail.
- The slopes angle vineyards steeply towards the sun.
They create rain shadows, making the area dry with risk of water stress.
When managed properly, low yields of Gamay can present aromas of _________________ .
- quince and lavender
- blackcurrant and preserved fruits
- black plum and sultanas
- raspberry and cherry fruit
raspberry and cherry fruit
As aforementioned, Gamay can grow vigorously if not managed properly. This is particularly true when the vines are planted in soils which are very high in nutrients. Keeping this fact in mind, what conclusions can you draw about the premium wines produced in Fleurie?
What do you think the soil composition might be like? Select an option from the choices below.
- The soil in Fleurie has high levels of humus.
- The soil in Fleurie has high levels of clay.
- The soil in Fleurie has high levels of granite.
The soil in Fleurie has high levels of granite.
Which one of these wines is made from the Montepulciano grape variety?
- Aglianico del Vulture
- Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
- Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
- All of these wines
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
A dry red wine with high alcohol made from Passito grapes, often with flavours of concentrated red berry and spice flavours is known as?
- Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
- Recioto della Valpolicella
- Valpolicella DOCG
- None of the above
Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
A sweet red wine made from drying grapes out is known as?
- Amarone della Valpolicella DOCG
- Recioto della Valpolicella
- Valpolicella DOCG
- All of the above
Recioto della Valpolicella
A wine is pale in colour, high in alcohol, tannins and acidity, the aromas are of sour cherries, herbs and sometimes dried flowers, the wine is?
- Barolo DOCG
- Valpolicella DOCG
- Salice Salento DOC
- Copertino DOC
Barolo DOCG
Which one of these wines is NOT Nebbiolo based?
- Taurasi DOCG
- Barolo DOCG
- Barbaresco DOCG
- All of the above
Taurasi DOCG
Which one of these wines cannot contain Trebbiano?
- Orvieto DOC
- Veneto IGT
- Frascati DOC
- Salice Salentino DOC
Salice Salentino DOC
Which one of these grapes is not a white wine that is light in style?
- Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC
- Soave DOC
- Gavi DOCG
- Bolgheri DOC
Bolgheri DOC
A white wine is light and fresh with flavours of citrus, green apples and pears. Which wine does this best describe?
- Gavi DOCG
- Dolcetto d’Alba DOC
- Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
- Taurasi DOCG
Gavi DOCG
What is the grape variety for Barbaresco?
- Barbera
- Dolcetto
- Nebbiolo
- Cortese
Nebbiolo
Many Italian regions are located on hills. These give?
- Higher Diurnal and higher continentality
- Higher Diurnal and lower continentality
- Lower Diurnal and lower continentality
- Lower Diurnal and higher continentality
Higher Diurnal and higher continentality
In Italy a Reserva wine means?
- The original area before expansion usually better quality
- Higher alcohol, longer ageing, but not necessarily better quality
- Longer ageing in barrel and bottle only
- Higher alcohol only
Higher alcohol, longer ageing, but not necessarily better quality
Which is Italy’s highest PDO category?
- IGT
- DOCG
- DOC
- Classico
DOCG
A Spanish white which has high acidity and a citrus and stone fruit nose. It is most likely to be?
- An Albariño from Rias Baixas
- A Verdejo from Rueda
- A Mencia from Bierzo
- A Monastrell from Jumilla
An Albariño from Rias Baixas
The rainfall in Rias Baxas is very high. Which one of these is not a valid way of dealing with the rain?
- Grapes are grown using a big vine Pergolas system to help manage the water and nutrient inputs and with the grapes hanging below gaining a drying high airflow.
- The main grape Albariño has thick skins making it disease resistant.
- Netting helps the vines stay dry.
- Vineyard spraying helps manage moulds and mildews.
Netting helps the vines stay dry.
The soils in Priorat are called?
- Tortonian
- Llicorella
- Helvetian
- Albariza
Llicorella
Rose from Navarra is?
- Made from Garnacha picked early, when acid levels are higher and sugar is lower.
- Made from Monastrell with high tannins and alcohol
- Made from Graciano with powerful black fruit aromas, high acidity and tannins
- Made from Tempranillo using carbonic maceration to create fresh strawberry scented wines
Made from Garnacha picked early, when acid levels are higher and sugar is lower.
Which region has a climate similar to Rioja Baja?
- Cariñena
- Calatayud
- Navarra
- All three
All three
Which is the warmest part of Rioja?
- Alavesa
- Alta
- Baja
- Calatayud
Baja
Which regions of Rioja are cooled by Altitude and Atlantic winds?
1) Alavesa
2) Alta
3) Baja
- 1
- 1 & 2
- 1, 2 & 3
- 1 & 3
1 & 2
Which statement about Mazuelo is false?
- Mazuelo is high in acidity, tannin and deep in colour
- Mazuelo is also known as Carignan in France where it is known to give huge yields
- In Priorat it is known as Cariñena where old vine versions give low yielding, concentrated fruit
- The region Cariñena, south of Navarra, is the grape variety’s key region
The region Cariñena, south of Navarra, is the grape variety’s key region
Which statement about Graciano is false?
- Graciano is high in acidity, tannins and deep in colour
- Graciano adds structure and black fruit aromas to a blend
- Graciano ripens best in Baja
- The main grape in Bierzo
The main grape in Bierzo
Which are the grapes allowed in a Rioja blend?
- Tempranillo, Garnacha, Mencia, Mazuelo
- Tempranillo, Garnacha, Graciano, Mazuelo
- Tempranillo, Garnacha, Graciano, Verdejo
- Tempranillo, Garnacha, Graciano, Mencia
Tempranillo, Garnacha, Graciano, Mazuelo
Which region is not a DOCa?
- Rioja
- Priorat
- Ribera del Duero
- None of the above are DOCa
Ribera del Duero
Which one of these Spanish Quality Standards is not a PGI?
- Vinos de pago
- Vino de la Tierra
- All of the above are PGI’s
- None of the above are PGI’s
Vinos de pago
Which one of these Spanish Quality standards is not a DOP?
- DOCa: Denominación de Origen Califida
- DOQ
- Vinos de Pago
- All of the above are PDO
All of the above are PDO
The central raised area in Spain is known as?
- Meseta
- Tramontane
- Massif Central
- Mistral
Meseta
Bush vines are common in many parts of Spain. What is the advantage of Bush vines in hot, dry climates?
- They provide lots of shade to the grapes, helping to prevent sunburnt grapes
- They are easy to mechanically harvest
- Both of the above
- None of the above
They provide lots of shade to the grapes, helping to prevent sunburnt grapes
Which is a white grape variety?
- Loureiro
- Arinto
- Alvarinho
- Alll of the above
Alll of the above
What is the minimum period a Barolo wine needs to age before release?
- 18 months
- 5 years
- 3 years
- 1 year
3 years
In which region is Airén commonly planted?
- La Mancha
- Puglia
- Alentejo
- Barolo
La Mancha
Alvarinho is commonly used in the production of which of the following wines?
- Whites from Soave
- Whites from Vinho Verde
- Whites from Gavi
- Reds from Rueda
Whites from Vinho Verde
Which of the following methods of wine production would you generally associate with the production of Amarone della Valpolicella?
- Carbonic maceration
- Adding RCGM
- Fortification
- Dried grapes
Dried grapes
Which of the following is an IGP region in Southern Portugal?
- Alentejano
- Salice Salentino
- Dão
- Yecla
Alentejano
Which one of the following wine regions produces red wines from the Baga grape?
- Dão
- Alentejo
- Bairrada
- Ribera del Duero
Bairrada
Which one of the following wines is made using the Cortese grape?
- Gavi
- Valpolicella
- Taurasi
- Frascati
Gavi
Which of the following Italian regions is more suited to the production of aromatic white wines?
- Bolgheri
- Friuli-Venezia Giulia
- Alto Adige
- Frascati
Alto Adige
Which one of the following is a dry white wine?
- Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
- Greco di Tufo
- Aglianico del Vulture
- Brunello di Montalcino
Greco di Tufo
Monastrell is the same as which French grape variety?
- Mourvèdre
- Marsanne
- Merlot
- Primitivo
Mourvèdre
Which grape variety tends to produce the best examples of Orvieto?
- Cortese
- Malvasia
- Grechetto
- Garganega
Grechetto
What do the best soils of Priorat, known locally as Ilicorella, consist of?
- Limestone based clay with a high proportion of iron
- Red slate with small particles of mica
- Slate-like schistose
- Blue tinted Tortonian limestone
Red slate with small particles of mica
What is the minimum period a red Crianza is matured in barrel?
- Eighteen months
- Two years
- Six months
- One year
Six months
Which of the following best describes the climate of Rias Baixas compared with the rest of Spain?
- Hotter and drier with less vintage variation
- Hotter and wetter with greater vintage variation
- Cooler and drier with less vintage variation
- Cooler and wetter with greater vintage variation
Cooler and wetter with greater vintage variation
Which of the following is NOT a sub-region of Rioja?
- Alta
- La Mancha
- Alavesa
La Mancha
What is Verdejo used for?
- Light-bodied red wines with high alcohol
- Light bodied white wines with refreshing acidity
- Sweet white wines with botrytis flavours
- Full-bodied red wines with high tannin
Light bodied white wines with refreshing acidity
Where is Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi produced?
- Piemonte
- Marche
- Tuscany
- Puglia
Marche
Which of the following is a feature of the vineyards of Ribera del Duero?
- Small temperature variations between days and nights
- High altitudes
- Maritime influences
- Cool north winds
High altitudes
Which region is best known for producing Riesling?
- New York Finger Lakes district
- Lodi AVA
- Dry Creek Valley AVA
- San Luis Obispo County (Paso Robles)
New York Finger Lakes district
As you move South to North in the Northern Hemisphere, normally it gets cooler. However moving from southern Oregon’s Willamette Valley to Washington’s Columbia Valley the varieties grown go from the cool->moderate loving Pinot Noir to the moderate to warm loving Cabernet Sauvignon. Why?
- It is at 500m attitude.
- The Cascade mountains protect the more northern regions from the cool sea.
- The northern region is warmed by large lakes.
- A warm continental wind called Californication, blows across the region in summer increasing
The Cascade mountains protect the more northern regions from the cool sea.
Which wine region is known to produce good quality old vine Zinfandel?
- Lodi AVA
- Dry Creek Valley AVA
- Both
- Neither
Both
Which region produces the most wine in California?
- Central Valley
- Napa County
- Sonoma County
- Central Coast Region
Central Valley
Lodi is the only quality region in Central Valley, why is this?
- It is at 500m attitude
- It is cooled by a breeze from San Francisco Bay
- The soils are unique and have a cooling effect on the vines
- The winemakers only grow varieties that are acclimatised to the temperature
It is cooled by a breeze from San Francisco Bay
Match the Alexander Valley wine region to the correct Californian County?
- Santa Barbra County
- Sonoma County
- Napa County
- Monterey County
Sonoma County
Match the wine region Dry Creek Valley to the correct State?
- New York
- Oregon
- Washington
- California
California
Match the Lodi wine region to the correct State?
- New York
- Oregon
- Washington
- California
California
Match the Finger Lakes AVA wine region to the correct State?
- New York
- Oregon
- Washington
- California
New York
Which American AVA wine region is NOT known for producing Pinot Noir?
- Monterey County
- Oregon (Willamette Valley)
- Napa County (Carneros)
- Columbia Valley (Yakima Valley)
Columbia Valley (Yakima Valley)
Which American wine region is not known for producing Pinot Noir?
- Napa County (Carneros)
- Sonoma County (Russian River Valley)
- Santa Barbara County (Santa Maria Valley)
- San Luis Obispo County (Paso Robles)
San Luis Obispo County (Paso Robles)
Which of these regions has the coolest climate and the focus is not on Cabernet Sauvignon?
- Rutherford
- Oakville
- Mount Veeder
- Los Carneros
Los Carneros
The predominant effect of fog on grapes in Napa Valley is?
- The fog causes botrytis on the grapes and helps makes popular local sweet wines
- The fog helps keep valley floor sub-regions cooler with fresher fruit
- The fog ensures that ice wine is produced in Napa
- All of the above
The fog helps keep valley floor sub-regions cooler with fresher fruit
VQA means?
- VQA Vintners Quality Alliance. It is a regulatory system similar to European PGI
- VQA Vintners Quality Alliance. It is a regulatory system similar to European PDO
- VQA Variable Quality Association. A group of Co Op producers who first made ice wine in Canada after forgetting to harvest a vineyard in 1976.
- VQA Vancouver Equipment Agricultural. The popular brand name used on Canadian winemaking tractors and harvesters.
VQA Vintners Quality Alliance. It is a regulatory system similar to European PDO
Okanagan Valley is around 50° Latitude. Which one of these statements about Okanagan Valley is false?
- The Northern locations means the region gets long days during summer
- The climate is very continental
- The climate is very continental with the Atlantic moderating the temperature
- The region lies in a rain shadow of two mountains, creating semi desert conditions
The climate is very continental with the Atlantic moderating the temperature
Which one of these is a hybrid used for making ice wine in Canada?
- Riesling
- Vidal
- Cabernet Franc
- All of the above
Vidal
The influence of Lake Ontario on the Niagara Peninsula is to?
- Cause strong winds during flowering, these regularly cause Coulure
- When it freezes in winter it creates a vast area for drying out grapes in the production of ice wine
- Lake Ontario creates local winds that reduce disease pressure. The lake also reduces the risk of spring frost, as well as lengthen the growing season.
- The evaporation off Lake Ontario can often cause large downpours in the evening
Lake Ontario creates local winds that reduce disease pressure. The lake also reduces the risk of spring frost, as well as lengthen the growing season.
Which statement about Central Valley is false?
- Central Valley is between the Coastal Ranges and the Andes
- It is a vast warm flat area where most of Chile’s production is based
- The subregions of Rapel are further divided into Cachapoal and Colchagua
- Lodi is an important quality subregion of Chile’s Central Valley
Lodi is an important quality subregion of Chile’s Central Valley
Which is NOT a key white grape variety of Chile?
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Chardonnay
- Gruner Veltliner
Gruner Veltliner
Which is NOT a key red grape variety of Chile?
- Merlot
- Carmenere
- Syrah
- Pinotage
Pinotage
What is the most northerly Chilean region?
- Coquimbo
- Aconcagua
- Central Valley
- Southern
Coquimbo
Which combination of factors is completely true?
- Chile is Phylloxera free and Costa is part of its DO system
- Chile is Phylloxera free and its DO system does not include the term Costa
- Chile is not Phylloxera free and its DO system includes the term Entre Cordilleras
- Chile has Phylloxera and its DO system does not include the term Entre Cordilleras
Chile is Phylloxera free and its DO system does not include the term Costa
Which is a correct region/sub region match for Chile?
- Coquimbo - > Maipo
- Central Valley -> Casablanca
- Aconcagua -> Limari
- San Antonio -> Leyda
San Antonio -> Leyda
Which one of these statements about Chile is true?
- The climate of Chile is diverse but can be described generally as Maritime
- The climate of Chile is diverse but can be described generally as warm Mediterranean
- Central Valley has one of the highest rainfalls in Chile
- Southern Region is cool and dry, protected by coastal ranges
The climate of Chile is diverse but can be described generally as warm Mediterranean
What is the name of the current that runs up the side of Chile?
- Humbolt Current
- Benguela Current
- Gulf Stream
- Western Australian Current
Humbolt Current
Which is NOT a method of managing hail?
- Netting
- Plots of land in multiple locations, resulting in blending between sub regions, is common
- Fans in the vineyard
- Aircraft and rockets are used to seed potential storm clouds to rain, rather than hail.
Fans in the vineyard
Which description of the Argentine climate is NOT correct?
- Hot with high levels of sunlight
- Very low rainfall
- Summer hail is a regular threat
- Coastal influences affect most of the main vineyards
Coastal influences affect most of the main vineyards
What is netting used for in Mendoza?
- Protection from hail
- To increase the humidity in the canopy and encourage botrytis
- Protection from the wind
- It keeps free-roaming cattle from eating the grapes
Protection from hail
Which is a correct region/sub region match for Argentina?
- San Juan -> Cafayete
- Salta -> Maipu
- Mendoza -> Cafayete
- Salta -> Cafayete
Salta -> Cafayete
Which one of these statements about Argentina is true?
- In general the Andes altitude increases in wine regions from the South to the North
- The Andes causes rain clouds to rain on the Argentinian side
- Rio Negro is at a higher altitude than San Juan
- Flood waters from the Andes means that irrigation is not required
In general the Andes altitude increases in wine regions from the South to the North
From these vineyard appellations, which one is on the left bank of the Gironde and most famous for the production of Cabernet Sauvignon?
- Haut-Médoc
- Barsac
- Pomerol
Haut-Médoc
Between what temperatures is Cabernet Sauvignon usually fermented?
- Between 26°C and 30°C
- Between 20°C and 25°C
- Between 15°C and 20°C
Between 26°C and 30°C
Altitudes of up to 1500 metres are a feature of which ONE of the following wine growing regions?
- Mendoza Province
- Sonoma County
- Napa Valley
- Aconcagua
Mendoza Province
Bonarda is commonly grown in which of the following countries?
- Canada
- Argentina
- Chile
- USA
Argentina
What is the dominant grape variety of Cafayate?
- Chardonnay
- Pinot Noir
- Grenache
- Torrontés
Torrontés
Which of the following Californian regions grows a significant amount of Riesling and Gewurztraminer grapes?
- Central Valley
- Mendocino County
- Sonoma County
- San Luis Obispo County
Mendocino County
An inexpensive Californian White Zinfandel is most likely to have been produced in which region?
- Paso Robles
- Napa
- Central Valley
- Sonoma County
Central Valley
Which of the following has a cooling effect on the vineyards of Chile?
- The Mistral
- The Humboldt Current
- The Tramontane
- Cascade Mountains
The Humboldt Current
Morning fogs and afternoon winds create a noticably cooler climate in which of the following Chilean regions?
- Casablanca Valley
- Maipo Valley
- Curicó Province
- Cachapoal Valley
Casablanca Valley
Which of the following is common in Chile?
- Phylloxera
- Organic viticulture
- Fungal diseases
- Hybrid grape varieties
Organic viticulture
Elqui has developing a reputation for wines from which grape varieties?
- Sauvignon Blanc and Syrah
- Torrontés and Cabernet Sauvignon
- Viognier and Malbec
- Chenin Blanc and Merlot
Sauvignon Blanc and Syrah
Which of the following provides irrigation water in Mendoza?
- Local fresh water springs
- The Columbia River and its tributaries
- Snow-melt water from the Andes
- The Sacramento Delta
Snow-melt water from the Andes
Compared to the rest of the Central Valley, the climate of Lodi AVA is _______ .
- cooler due to the influence of breezes from San Franscisco bay
- cooler due to the more northerly latitude
- warmer due to the lower altitude
- warmer due to the southern aspect
cooler due to the influence of breezes from San Franscisco bay
Los Carneros AVA straddles which two Californian counties?
- Napa and San Luis Obispo
- Monterey and Sonoma
- Napa and Sonoma
- Monterey and San Luis Obispo
Napa and Sonoma
Which one of the following statements about the Napa Valley is FALSE?
- Morning fogs roll in from San Pablo Bay cooling the climate to the south
- The rain shadow of Mayacamas Mountains keeps the valley dry
- The most well known AVA here is Russian River Valley
- The valley floor has free-draining fertile volcanic soils
The most well known AVA here is Russian River Valley
Where is the Okanagan Valley?
- Cafayate
- British Columbia
- Aconcagua
- Washington State
British Columbia
Which of the following is best known for high-quality old-vine Zinfandel?
- Monterey
- Yakima Valley
- Dry Creek Valley
- Leyda Valley
Dry Creek Valley
Where is the San Antonio Valley wine region?
- Argentina
- Canada
- Mexico
- Chile
Chile
Vidal Icewine is a speciality of which North American wine producing area?
- Oregon
- Ontario
- Washington State
- New York State
Ontario
Ontario位于Canada
Which of the following AVAs is in Washington State?
- Napa Valley
- Dry Creek Valley
- Columbia Valley
- Santa Maria Valley
Columbia Valley
What is the most planted grape variety in the Willamette Valley?
- Riesling
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Syrah
- Pinot Noir
Pinot Noir
Which region is too warm to grow quality Sauvignon Blanc?
- Breed River Valley’s Worcester
- Elgin
- Walker Bay
- Hemel-en-Arde
Breed River Valley’s Worcester
Breed River Valley’s Worcester位于South Africa
Which one of these statements about Stellenbosch is false?
- The cooling Cape Doctor arrives up through False Bay
- Stellenbosch is approximately 20 miles from Capetown
- The key varieties are Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah and Riesling
- Stellenbosch is an important wine region with many of South Africa’s top wineries
The key varieties are Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah and Riesling
What is the correct hierarchy for wines of South Africa?
- Geographical Unit, Region, Ward, District
- Region, Geographical Unit, District, Ward
- Geographical Unit, Ward, Region, District
- Geographical Unit, Region, District, Ward
Geographical Unit, Region, District, Ward
Which one of these grape combinations contain key grape varieties for South Africa?
- Pinotage, Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon
- Pinotage, Chenin Blanc, Pinot Noir, Merlot
- Mataro, Chenin Blanc, Muscat of Alexandria, Cabernet Sauvignon
- Pinotage, Pinot Noir, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon
Pinotage, Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon
Which is a correct region/sub region match for South Africa?
- Paarl is a District of the Breede River Valley Region
- Elgin is a District of the Breede River Valley Region
- Stellenbosch is a District of the Breede River Valley Region
- Stellenbosch is a District of the Coastal Region
Stellenbosch is a District of the Coastal Region
Which one of these statements about South Africa is true?
- The maritime climate of South Africa creates large vintage variation
- The name of the local wind in Western Cape is know as the Cape Nurse
- Drought can be a problem in South Africa
- The lack of hills and mountains means that South Africa has little vintage variation
Drought can be a problem in South Africa
What is the name of the current that runs up the side of South Africa?
- Humbolt Current
- Benguela Current
- Gulf Stream
- Western Australian Current
Benguela Current
Which one of these wines regions are known for producing premium Riesling?
- Rutherglen
- Heathcote
- Adelaide Hills
- Clare Valley
Clare Valley
Which of these Victorian wine regions are NOT known for producing Pinot Noir?
- Geelong
- Mornington Peninsula
- Yarra Valley
- Heathcote
Heathcote
Put the following wines in order of body, lightest to heaviest?
- Margaret River Chardonnay, Hunter Valley Semillon, Clare Valley Riesling, Barossa Shiraz
- Hunter Valley Semillon, Clare Valley Riesling, Margaret River Chardonnay, Barossa Shiraz
- Barossa Shiraz, Hunter Valley Semillon, Clare Valley Riesling, Margaret River Chardonnay
- Clare Valley Riesling, Margaret River Chardonnay, Hunter Valley Semillon, Barossa Shiraz
Hunter Valley Semillon, Clare Valley Riesling, Margaret River Chardonnay, Barossa Shiraz
Which wine best matches this description: A wine that has high acidity and aromas of lime and petrol?
- Clare Valley Riesling
- Hunter Valley Semillon
- Margaret River Chardonnay
- Yarra Valley Shiraz
Clare Valley Riesling
Which wine best matches this description: A wine that has aromas of blackcurrant (cassis), eucalyptus and menthol?
- Coonawarra Cabernet Sauvignon
- Hunter Valley Semillon
- Yarra Valley Shiraz
- Barossa Shiraz
Coonawarra Cabernet Sauvignon
Irrigation in Australia can best be described as
- Rare due to the scarcity of water
- Common with flood irrigation dominant
- Used for frost protection
- Essential but expensive
Essential but expensive
Australia’s coastal wine growing regions are typically considered?
- Hot coastal
- Cool continental
- Mediterranean
- Cool coastal
Mediterranean
Which region is Geelong similar to?
- Mornington Peninsula
- Coonawarra
- Riverland
- Padthaway
Mornington Peninsula
Which New Zealand wine region is considered to have a cool to moderate continental climate?
- Central Otago
- Auckland
- Hawke’s Bay
- Martinborough
Central Otago
其他都是maritime
Which region produces Pinot Noir in New Zealand?
- Martinborough
- Yarra Valley
- Gisborne
- Auckland
Martinborough
Altitude is an important feature of which of the following regions?
- Clare Valley
- McLaren Vale
- Coonawarra
- Hunter Valley
Clare Valley
Which one of the following best describes the climate of Yarra Valley?
- Hot Mediterranean
- Warm Continental
- Cool Continental
- Moderate Maritime
Moderate Maritime
Which of the following statements on Marlborough is TRUE?
- The region accounts for just 10% of the wine production in New Zealand.
- Awatere has drier, cooler, windier sites giving its Sauvignon Blancs a distinctive herbaceous character.
- Rain falls mainly in the winter, so irrigation is generally necessary during the growing season.
- The region is diversifying mainly into Syrah and Cabernet Sauvignon.
Awatere has drier, cooler, windier sites giving its Sauvignon Blancs a distinctive herbaceous character.
Which of the following has the warmest climate for grape growing in New Zealand?
- Marlborough
- Nelson
- Hawke’s Bay
- Central Otago
Hawke’s Bay
Which of the following is not a key commercial black grape variety in New Zealand?
- Syrah
- Grenache
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Merlot
Grenache
Which of the following descriptions best describes the benchmark Sauvignon Blanc that put New Zealand firmly on the wine map in the 1990s?
- Dry, medium acidity with subtle aromas of lime citrus and apple
- Dry, high acidity with aromas of butter, toast and ripe melon
- Medium dry, medium acidity with aromas of ripe tropical fruit of pineapple and mango
- Dry, high acidity with intense aromas of elderflower and passion fruit
Dry, high acidity with intense aromas of elderflower and passion fruit
Why are many New Zealand vineyards on the Eastern seaboard?
- These are the only agricultural regions not used for other crops or animals.
- To provide ready access to the irrigation water during periods of drought.
- To benefit from cooling mists and fogs from the sea breezes.
- To protect against excessive rainfall from the prevailing west wind.
To protect against excessive rainfall from the prevailing west wind.
Which of the following is an important catch-all region allowing for multiple regional and district blends in South Africa?
- Western Cape
- Coastal Region
- Elgin
- Paarl
Western Cape
Which pair of Australian wine regions produces distinctive wine from the Semillon grape?
- Riverina and Central Otago
- Rutherford and Robertson
- Hunter Valley and Riverina
- Hunter Valley and Yakima Valley
Hunter Valley and Riverina
Which of the following wine producing areas produces some of South Africa’s best Pinot Noirs?
- Worcester
- Constantia
- Walker Bay
- Stellenbosch
Walker Bay
Wines from which of the following regions could NOT be sold under the South Eastern Australia Geographical Indicator?
- Goulburn
- Great Southern
- Geelong
- Riverina
Great Southern
Which of the following statements on Stellenbosch is FALSE?
- Cooler sites produce high quality Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay.
- Cool winds from False Bay are funnelled by the mountains into the valleys.
- The region’s reputation has been built on late harvest Muscat.
- A wide variety of altitudes, aspects and soils are available in a relatively small area.
The region’s reputation has been built on late harvest Muscat.
Distinctive red “terra rossa” soils are found in which Australian wine region?
- Coonawarra
- Margaret River
- Adelaide Hills
- Yarra Valley
Coonawarra
Which one of the following regions is located in Western Australia?
- Mornington Peninsula
- Margaret River
- McLaren Vale
- Murray-Darling
Margaret River
What is the correct order when making a traditional method sparkling wine?
- Alcoholic fermentation, bottling, second fermentation, ageing, disgorgement, dosage
- Alcoholic fermentation, bottling, second fermentation, ageing, dosage, disgorgement
- Alcoholic fermentation, ageing, bottling, second fermentation, dosage, disgorgement
- Alcoholic fermentation, ageing, bottling, second fermentation, disgorgement, dosage
Alcoholic fermentation, bottling, second fermentation, ageing, disgorgement, dosage
Which wine is most likely made to the traditional method?
- Asti
- Sekt
- Cap Classique
- Prosecco
Cap Classique
Sekt和Prosecco都是tank method
Deutscher Sekt is?
- A German sparkling wine made from grapes grown exclusively in Germany
- A German sparkling wine made from grapes grown exclusively from Germany’s 13 Anbaugebiete
- A German sparkling wine made in Germany with grapes from any wine region in the world
- Must be made from VDP Einzellage vineyards
A German sparkling wine made from grapes grown exclusively in Germany
Which statement about sparkling wines is false?
- Cava and Cremant must spend a minimum of 9 months on lees by law
- Vouvray makes sparkling wine
- Prosecco DOCG can be made in a wide area around Veneto
- Cava can be produced in Rioja
Prosecco DOCG can be made in a wide area around Veneto
Which statement about Champagne is false?
- NV wines are aged for a minimum of 15 months.
- Prestige Cuvees have a separate AC system known as echelle des crus
- Vintage Champagne must be aged for a minimum of 3 years
- Blanc de Blancs is made almost always from 100% Chardonnay
Prestige Cuvees have a separate AC system known as echelle des crus
Which is the correct dominant grape variety for the Champagne sub region?
- Cotes des Bar -> Chardonnay
- Cotes des Blanc -> Pinot Noir
- Vallee de la Marne -> Chardonnay
- Montagne de Reims -> Pinot Noir
Montagne de Reims -> Pinot Noir
Which one is not a method of frost protection in Champagne?
- Planting on slopes
- Planting Meunier in frost prone areas
- Heaters
- Inflorescene treatment wraps the buds in protective layer of ice during frosty nights
Inflorescene treatment wraps the buds in protective layer of ice during frosty nights
Put these Champagne styles in the correct order of lowest to highest in sweetness?
- Doux, Extra Sec, Sec, Demi Sec
- Extra Sec, Sec, Demi Sec, Doux
- Brut, Extra Brut, Extra Sec, Doux
- Brut Nature, Doux, Extra Sec, Sec, Demi Sec
Extra Sec, Sec, Demi Sec, Doux
What is the French name for the dosage used in making Champagne?
- Gyropalette
- Liqueur d’expedition
- Liqueur de tirage
- Taile
Liqueur d’expedition
Which is the first part of the Champagne process out of order?
Liquer de tirage -> Autolysis -> Liqueur d’expedition -> Riddling
- Liquer de tirage
- Autolysis
- Liqueur d’expedition
- Riddling
Riddling
The soils in Jerez are called?
- Tortonian
- Llicorella
- Helvetian
- Albariza
Albariza
What is the correct order in a Solera System?
- Solera, Sobretabla, Criadera
- Sobretabla, Criadera, Solera
- Sobretabla, Solera, Criadera
- Criadera, Solera, Sobretabla
Sobretabla, Criadera, Solera
The yeast that protects Fino Sherry is known as?
- Flor
- Palo Cortado
- Criadera
- Patamares
Flor
What is the average age of a VORS (Very Old Rare Sherry)?
- 10 years
- 20 years
- 30 Years
- 50 years
30 Years
A sherry is dry, pale in colour with aromas of almonds, herb and dough. What type of sherry is it?
- Oloroso
- Cream Sherry
- Amontillado
- Manzanilla
Manzanilla
The albariza soils found in Jerez are predominantly?
- Schist
- Chalk
- Granite
- Sand
Chalk
The cooling wind in Jerez is?
- Levante
- Poniente
- Sobretabla
- Estuffa
Poniente
What is autolysis?
- The breaking down of dead yeast cells imparting flavour into the wine.
- The gradual turning of a bottle of sparkling wine produced in the traditional method to remove yeast sediment.
- The injection of CO2 into an inexpensive aerated sparkling wine.
- The chilling and filtering of a bottle of Asti to finish secondary fermentation.
The breaking down of dead yeast cells imparting flavour into the wine.
What is Cap Classique?
- A term for super-premium wines from Champagne.
- Traditional method sparkling wine from South Africa.
- A mechanical alternative to riddling.
- The closure used for a bottle to withstand pressure during second fermentation.
Traditional method sparkling wine from South Africa.
Where is most Cava produced?
- Rioja
- Navarra
- Valencia
- Catalunya
Catalunya
Which of the following statements define Deutscher Sekt?
- Wine made sparkling in Germany from non-German still wine.
- Sparkling wine made in Germany from German base wine.
- Sparkling wine made in Germany using base wine from one of the 13 delimited regions.
- Any sparkling wine sold in Germany.
Sparkling wine made in Germany from German base wine.
What is the correct order of price for these different Port styles, going from lowest to highest?
- Late Bottled Vintage Port, Vintage Port, Ruby
- Ruby, Vintage Port , Late Bottled Vintage Port
- Ruby, Late Bottled Vintage Port, Vintage Port
- Vintage Port, Ruby, Late Bottled Vintage Port
Ruby, Late Bottled Vintage Port, Vintage Port
A Port label says the port is 10 years old, what style is it most likely to be?
- Ruby Port
- Tawny Port
- Single Quinta
- Vintage Port
Tawny Port
Which of these Port grapes is similar to Grenache, that is a large, thin-skinned grape variety, producing wines with high alcohol and prone to dehydration.
- Touriga Nacional
- Touriga Franca
- Tinta Barroca
- Tinta Cao
Tinta Barroca
What is the correct order for the production of Vintage Port?
- Fortification, ageing, rapid extraction of colour, alcoholic fermentation
- Rapid extraction of colour, fortification, alcoholic fermentation, ageing
- Rapid extraction of colour, alcoholic fermentation, fortification, ageing
- Alcoholic fermentation, rapid extraction of colour, fortification, ageing
Rapid extraction of colour, alcoholic fermentation, fortification, ageing
Of the three key sub regions of the Douro which is the wettest and driest?
- Wettest = Baxio Corgo: Driest = Douro Superior
- Wettest = Cima Corgo : Driest = Douro Superior
- Wettest = Baxio Corgo : Driest = Cima Corgo
- Wettest = Douro Superior : Driest = Baxio Corgo
Wettest = Baxio Corgo: Driest = Douro Superior
Which one of these is NOT a method of rapidly extracting colour and tannin from Port?
- Autovinifiers
- Piston Plungers
- Robotic Lagar
- Vinha ao alto
Vinha ao alto
At what level of alcohol is Port typically fortified at?
- 1-5% abv
- 5-9% abv
- 10-14%abv
- 20% abv
5-9% abv
Socalcos is?
- A deep pigmented grape variety used to make Port
- A method of autovinifiers that allows maximum skin contact.
- A flat terrace supported by stone walls
- The method of allocating production rights to ensure supply meets demand
A flat terrace supported by stone walls
What is the correct order of Douro wine regions heading from the Atlantic to Spain?
- Baixo Corgo, Cima Corgo, Douro Superior
- Douro Superior, Baixo Corgo, Cima Corgo
- Cima Corgo, Douro Superior, Baixo Corgo
- Cima Corgo, Baixo Corgo, Douro Superior
Baixo Corgo, Cima Corgo, Douro Superior
A friend has just purchased an expensive Tawny Port and asks you to describe it. Select from the options below.
- Pale tawny in colour, high in alcohol, dry, walnut, coffee, chocolate
- Pale tawny in colour, high in alcohol, sweet, intense red and black fruit
- Pale tawny in colour, high in alcohol, sweet, walnut, coffee, caramel
- Purple in colour, high in alcohol, dry, intense red and black fruit
Pale tawny in colour, high in alcohol, sweet, walnut, coffee, caramel
Which one of these wines is NOT made in an oxidative style?
- Rutherglen Muscat
- PX Sherry
- Muscat de Beaumes de Venise
- Tawny Port
Muscat de Beaumes de Venise
How is Rutherglen Muscat made?
- Aged for 3+ years in a cask stored in lofts heated to over 30°C, caramelising sugars
- Heated in a steel box for 3 months at 45-50°C. Then cooled and aged for at least 2 years.
- Vinified and fortified in the Douro, aged in large barrels with plenty of oxygen.
- Raisined grapes are fermeneted to 2% abv, before fortifiying and ageing in old barrels.
Raisined grapes are fermeneted to 2% abv, before fortifiying and ageing in old barrels.
Which one of these wines is dry?
- Fino Sherry
- Cream Sherry
- Ruby Port
- Vintage Port
Fino Sherry
Which Australian region is considered to produce some of the country’s finest fortified Muscat wines?
- Riverina
- Heathcote
- Rutherglen
- Geelong
Rutherglen
Which of the following grape varieties is NOT used in the production of Crémant d’Alsace?
- Riesling
- Chardonnay
- Pinot Blanc
- Gewürztraminer
Gewürztraminer
How long are most LBV Ports aged in cask before bottling?
- 4-6 years
- 1-2 years
- 18-20 years
- 10-12 years
4-6 years
In which town does Manzanilla Sherry mature?
- Sanlúcar de Barrameda
- Luján de Cuyo
- Puerto de Santa Maria
- Jerez de la Frontera
Sanlúcar de Barrameda
What is the minimum maturation period in bottle for a non-vintage Champagne?
- 3 years
- 5 years
- 18 months
- 15 months
15 months
Which method of sparkling wine production involves a second fermentation in bottle, but does not use disgorgement to remove the sediment?
- Transfer
- Traditional
- Tank
- Asti
Transfer
Where have Port wines traditionally been aged?
- Sanlúcar de Barrameda
- Pinhão
- Alentejo
- Vila Nova da Gaia
Vila Nova da Gaia
Which of the following statements about Prosecco is TRUE?
- It is produced in Marche.
- It is generally made using the traditional method.
- It is predominantly made from Chardonnay.
- It is traditionally bottled with slightly higher residual sugar than Cava and Champagne.
It is traditionally bottled with slightly higher residual sugar than Cava and Champagne.
Which one of the following sherries is sweetened with Rectified Concentrated Grape Must?
- Pale Cream
- Amontillado
- PX
- Palo Cortado
Pale Cream
Which soil is most common in the vineyards of Champagne?
- Clay
- Granite
- Slate
- Chalk
Chalk
The Albariza soil of Jerez has a high content of
- Granite
- Schist
- Chalk
- Slate
Chalk
Which one of the following sparkling wines is likely to be quite low in alcohol?
- Vintage Champagne
- Crémant d’Alsace
- Prosecco
- Asti
Asti
Which of the following styles of Sherry will have been aged biologically under flor for part of its maturation?
- Amontillado
- Olorosso
- Cream
- PX
Amontillado
Which of the following styles of sparkling wine is likely to be the driest?
- Brut
- Demi-Sec
- Brut Nature
- Sec
Brut Nature
Which one of the following is a traditional grape variety for Cava?
- Trebbiano
- Arinto
- Parellada
- Airén
Parellada
Which one of the following best describes the style of wines of Bandol AC?
- Dry, fruity rosé wines
- Dry, high tannin, full-bodied red wines
- Dry, high-acid, green-fruit white wines
- Sweet, white, grapey, fortified wines
Dry, high tannin, full-bodied red wines
Which one of the following is a black grape variety?
- Cortese
- Trincadeira
- Airén
- Malvasia
Trincadeira
Which one of the following regions is most important for the production of botrytised, sweet white wines?
- Bolgheri
- Burgundy
- Burgenland
- Barossa
Burgenland
What is the main grape variety of Cahors?
- Malbec
- Tannat
- Petit Manseng
- Merlot
Malbec
Arrange the following correctly to give the production sequence of Champagne.
- Liqueur d’expédition
- Disgorging
- Lees ageing
- Liqueur de tirage
- Riddling
- 1,3,2,4,5
- 4,5,3,2,1
- 1,3,5,2,4
- 4,3,5,2,1
4,3,5,2,1
Which one of the following Chilean regions is renowned for its white wines from Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc and its reds from Pinot Noir?
- Maule Valley
- Maipo Valley
- Casablanca Valley
- Colchagua Valley
Casablanca Valley
What is the “Côtes de Bordeaux” term referring to?
- A sweet white wine producing area within Entre-Deux-Mers
- The area covered by the vineyards classified in 1855
- A group of lesser known red wine producing areas of Bordeaux
- A generic appellation covering the whole Bordeaux region
A group of lesser known red wine producing areas of Bordeaux
What is a new vine variety produced from two Vitis vinifera parents known as?
- A graft
- A crossing
- A hybrid
- A clone
A crossing
Which one of the following is NOT a Cru Beaujolais?
- Brouilly
- Moulin-á-Vent
- Saint-Julien
- Morgon
Saint-Julien
What is Dornfelder?
- A sub-region of Niederösterreich
- A Hungarian term for a PGI
- A labelling term used in Alsace for a blend
- A black grape variety grown in Germany
A black grape variety grown in Germany
Which of the following are reasons for blending wine?
- Consistency
- Improve balance
- Achieve a certain style
- Clarification
- 2 and 4
- All of the above
- 2 and 3
- 1, 2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
Which one of the following fortified wines usually uses Touriga Franca, Touriga Nacional and Tinta Roriz in its blend?
- Rutherglen Muscat
- Vintage Port
- Oloroso Sherry
- Palo Cortado
Vintage Port
Which of the following is NOT used as protection against spring frost in the vineyard?
- Vertical shoot positioning
- Wind machines
- Sprinklers
- Burners
Vertical shoot positioning
Which one of the following grapes is used to make Soave?
- Nebbiolo
- Garganega
- Verdicchio
- Barbera
Garganega
Which of the following is NOT correctly paired?
- Gavi - Piemonte
- Orvieto - Umbria
- Frascati - Abruzzo
- Soave - Veneto
Frascati - Abruzzo
正确的应该是Frascati - Lazio
Which one of the following regions produces large volumes of inexpensive wine?
- Riverina
- Adelaide Hills
- Barossa Valley
- Great Southern
Riverina
Which of the following can be done to enhance lees ageing?
- Stirring
- Blending
- Cooling
- Sweetening
Stirring
Which of the following varieties is Lodi AVA most renowned for producing quality wine from?
- Zinfandel
- Nebbiolo
- Merlot
- Pinot Noir
Zinfandel
Reds from which area of Mendoza tend to have the best ageing potential?
- Limari
- Cafayate
- Mendocino
- Uco Valley
Uco Valley
In which pairing of wine growing areas is Merlot the dominant grape variety?
- Pommard and Pomerol
- Saint-Émilion and Pomerol
- Saint-Émilion and Pommard
- Saint-Émilion and Pauillac
Saint-Émilion and Pomerol
The Negroamaro grape is associated with which of the following Italian wines?
- Chianti
- Bolgheri
- Salice Salentino
- Taurasi
Salice Salentino
Which one of the following regions has established a reputation for red wines from Pinot Noir?
- Gisborne
- Auckland
- Martinborough
- Hawke’s Bay
Martinborough
Wines from which one of the following appellations would produce the highest volume?
- Côte-Rôtie AC
- Condrieu AC
- Crozes-Hermitage AC
- Hermitage AC
Crozes-Hermitage AC
Old bush vines grown in a hot, dry climate are a feature of which of the following regions?
- Margaret River
- Hunter Valley
- Mornington Peninsula
- Barossa Valley
Barossa Valley
The Palomino grape variety is mainly associated with which region?
- Jerez
- Douro
- Rutherglen
- Southern Rhône
Jerez
Which one of the following Ports will need decanting?
- Vintage Port
- Reserve Tawny
- Premium Ruby
- 20 year old Tawny
Vintage Port
Where is most Port matured?
- Lisbon
- Sanlúcar de Barrameda
- Entre Cordilleras
- Vila Nova de Gaia
Vila Nova de Gaia
Which of the following grape varieties are NOT generally used in Vinho Verde?
- Alvarinho
- Viura
- Loureiro
- Arinto
Viura
A Portuguese wine labelled DOC will be equivalent of which French labelling term?
- Vin de Pays
- Vin de France
- VDQS
- AC
AC
Prosecco DOC covers a wide area of which two Italian regions?
- Marche and Abruzzo
- Umbria and Tuscany
- Basilicata and Puglia
- Veneto and Friuli
Veneto and Friuli
What is pumping over used for?
- Extracting colour from the skins for red wines
- Cleaning grapes prior to pressing
- Removing suspended particles and lees prior to bottling
- Encouraging malolactic fermentation
Extracting colour from the skins for red wines
In red wine production, when are the grapes usually pressed?
- Not at all
- After fermentation
- During fermentation
- Before fermentation
After fermentation
Which of these mountains protect the Rheingau?
- Haardt
- Taunus
- Vosges
- Alps
Taunus
How is Rosé Champagne typically made?
- Blending red and white wines
- Drawing off juice after just a few hours of skin contact
- Using autovinifiers to add colour
- Carbonic Maceration
Blending red and white wines
Saar and Ruwer are tributaries of which river?
- Nahe
- Danube
- Main
- Mosel
Mosel
Which one of the following best describes the general climate of South Africa?
- Sub-Tropical
- Maritime
- Continental
- Mediterranean
Mediterranean
Which of the following are correctly paired?
- Jurançon and Petit Manseng
- Cahors and Tannat
- Madiran and Malbec
- Monbazillac and Chardonnay
Jurançon and Petit Manseng
Which one of the following Spanish wine regions produces aromatic white wines with high acidity and aromas of peach and melon from the Verdejo grape variety?
- La Mancha
- Yecla
- Navarra
- Rueda
Rueda
The production of which of the following Sparkling Wines does NOT involve producing a still wine first?
- Deutscher Sekt
- Crémant de Loire
- Asti
- Cava
Asti
Which of the following terms is NOT associated with the wines of Tokaj?
- Agiorgitiko
- Szamorodni
- Hárslevelü
- Puttonyos
Agiorgitiko
What is the process of removing yeast deposits from a traditional method sparkling wine known as?
- Autolysis
- Disgorgement
- Tirage
- Dosage
Disgorgement
Which of the following US AVA is noted for the quality of its aromatic Rieslings?
- Dry Creek Valley
- Paso Robles
- Finger Lakes
- Mount Veeder
Finger Lakes
What does Vendange Tardive mean on a label of wine from Alsace?
- The official declaration indicating the beginning of the harvest.
- A dry to medium sweet wine made from late harvest grapes.
- A luscious sweet wine made from grapes affected by noble rot.
- A sparkling wine made using the Traditional Method.
A dry to medium sweet wine made from late harvest grapes.
What is Véraison?
- The point at which the grapes start to ripen.
- The process of drying grapes in the sun to produce sweet wines.
- A grape variety commonly grown in the Loire Valley.
- A fungal disease affecting grapes by tainting flavour and reducing yields.
The point at which the grapes start to ripen.
Which ONE of the following regions is in Western Australia?
- Frankland River
- Goulbourn Valley
- Geelong
- Heathcote
Frankland River
What is the Western Cape in South Africa?
- A corporate brand producing inexpensive blends and varietal wines.
- A national appellation producing varietal wines blended from different regions.
- A premium quality vineyard on the west coast producing Bordeaux lookalikes.
- A viticultural region around Cape Town producing high-quality wines from the Pinotage grape.
A national appellation producing varietal wines blended from different regions.
Which one of the following is an AC for high quality white Burgundy?
- Mâcon AC
- Côtes de Beaune Villages AC
- Bourgogne Aligoté AC
- Puligny-Montrachet AC
Puligny-Montrachet AC
A bottle of white wine has small, clear crystals in the bottom. What are they MOST likely to be?
- Harmless sugar crystals
- Dangerous particles of glass
- Dangerous pesticide residue
- Harmless tartrate crystals
Harmless tartrate crystals
Which of the following environmental conditions is NOT harmful to a wine in a bottle?
- Damp and humidity
- Proximity of strong lights
- Extended warm temperatures
- Temperature fluctuations
Damp and humidity
In Saint-Émilion, which of these three areas is most likely to be Cabernet Sauvignon dominated?
- Plateau North West
- Escarpment South & East
- Foot of Escarpment
Plateau North West
San Antonio Valley is a sub-region that
- has a hot cimate
- has a reputation for Sauvignon Blanc
- is cooled by descending mountain air
- is located in Argentina
has a reputation for Sauvignon Blanc
Which of the following is a wine from Beaujolais?
- Beaune
- Mercurey
- Brouilly
- Cahors
Brouilly
Which one of the following pairs of Australian regions has a reputation for the production of premium sparkling wines from Pinot Noir and Chardonnay?
- Yarra Valley and Tasmania
- Barossa Valley and Coonawarra
- Margaret River and Hunter Valley
- Eden Valley and McLaren Vale
Yarra Valley and Tasmania
Which winemaking technique is used to produce a red wine with low levels of tannin and flavours of cinnamon and kirsch?
- Rack and return
- Carbonic maceration
- The use of rotary fermenters
- Autovinification
Carbonic maceration
Which of the following statements is true?
- Reciotp della Valpolicella is a dry wine made from dried grapes
- Garganega is the most important grape variety in Valpolicella
- Amarone della Valpolicella is fermented immediatedly after the grapes have been harvested
- Valpolicella Ripasso is made by adding unpressed grape skins to a wine that has already finished fermenting
Valpolicella Ripasso is made by adding unpressed grape skins to a wine that has already finished fermenting
What is the name given to the process whereby the sediment is expelled from a bottle of Champagne?
- Drawing off
- Riddling
- Racking
- Disgorgement
Disgorgement
Which one of the following is closet in style to Sancerre?
- Vouvray
- Bourgueil
- Muscadet
- Menetou-Salon
Menetou-Salon
Which one of the following will guarantee microbiological stability in a wine?
- Sterile filtration
- Racking
- Fining
- Cool fermentation
Sterile filtration
Which of the following statements is true?
- Flor cannot grow if a wine is fortified to 17% abv
- Oloroso Sherry undergoes biological ageing
- Flor gives Sherry intense tropical fruit aromas
- The levels of humidity and temperature have no effect on the growth of flor
Flor cannot grow if a wine is fortified to 17% abv
Wines made from Baga typically have the following characteristics? COLOUR TANNIN - pale low - pale high - deep low - deep high
deep high
Which of the following is a style of Port?
- Tawny
- Cream
- Solera
- Touriga
Tawny
Which of the following is a category in South Africa’s Wine of Origin scheme?
- Zone
- Sub-region
- Ward
- AVA
Ward
Santorini is best known for white wines made from
- Xinomavro
- Assyrtiko
- Nemea
- Agiorgitiko
Assyrtiko
Racking is the process of
- removing wine from its sediment
- pumping over of must during fermentation
- adding additional sugar to increase alcohol
- twisting bottles to move yeast sediment in bottle-fermented sparkling wine
removing wine from its sediment
The term Grosses Gewachs indicates that a wine
- has been made from grapes grown anywhere in Germany
- is lusciously sweet
- must be made from Riesling
- is dry
is dry
The Cascade Mountains have an important impact on grape growing in
- New York State
- San Luis Obispo County
- Washington State
- Napa County
Washington State
Which one of the following grape varieties is not permitted for Alsace Grand Cru?
- Gewurztraminer
- Pinot Blanc
- Muscat
- Riesling
Pinot Blanc
Within the context of Bordeaux what is unique about the classification system in St-Emilion?
- It applies to the vineyard and not the Chateau
- It forms part of the appellation law
- Unlike the Medoc it does not permit promotion and demotion
- There is a different ranking for red and white wine
It forms part of the appellation law
Which one of the following areas is cooled by the ocean?
- Columbia Valley
- Los Carneros
- Yakima Valley
- Okanagan Valley
Los Carneros
Which one of the following sets of conditions can be used to prevent malolactic fermentation?
Temperature SO2
- high high
- high low
- low high
- low low
low high
Which one of the following is a dry red wine?
- Barsac
- Madiran
- Sauvennieres
- Puligny-Montrachet
Madiran
Which one of the following Italian grape varieties is black?
- Cortese
- Grechetto
- Verdicchio
- Dolcetto
Dolcetto
Which one of the following best describes a Bandol?
- A full-bodied red wine with a high level of tannins and black fruit aromas
- A white wine, high in alcohol with pronounced aromas of lychee
- A medium-bodied, red wine with a low level of tannins and aromas of strawberry
- A white wine, with aromas of gooseberry, asparagus and passion fruit
A full-bodied red wine with a high level of tannins and black fruit aromas
Which pair of regions has an established reputation for Riesling?
- Barossa Valley and Coonawarra
- Eden Valley and Clare Valley
- Heathcote and Murray Darling
- Adelaide Hills and McLaren Vale
Eden Valley and Clare Valley
Which of the following grape variety(ies) are used in the production of Sherry?
- Muscat
- Palomino
- Pedro Ximenez(PX)
- 2 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
Which of the following are characteristics of a young Hunter Valley Semillon?
1, High acid
2, Low alcohol
3, Pronounced aromas of vanilla
- 1 and 3 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 1, 2 and 3
1 and 2 only
Which one of the following is an important natural factor in Ribera del Duero?
- Maritime influence
- Early morning autumn mist
- High altitude
- Cold air descending from the Pyrenees
High altitude
Which of the following best describes the climate of the Meseta Central in central Spain?
CONTINENTALITY RAINFALL
- high high
- high low
- low high
- low low
high low
What is the minimum length of maturation required for vintage Champagne?
- 6 months
- 15 months
- 24 months
- 36 months
36 months
Which of the following statements is true?
- The most successful grape variety in Stellenbosch is Pinot Noir
- The Humboldt Current cools the coastal regions of South Africa
- Swartland is an important source of old vine Chenin Blanc
- The vineyards of Constantia are cooled by altitude
Swartland is an important source of old vine Chenin Blanc
Grapes used in the production of premium quality sparkling wines typically have the following characteristics.
SUGAR ACID
- high high
- high low
- low high
- low low
low high
Which region in New Zealand has established a reputation for premium Pinot Noir?
- Auckland
- Hawke’s Bay
- Martinborough
- Gisborne
Martinborough
With regard to Port production, which of the following statements is true?
- Sugar is added after the fermentation
- Rapid extraction of colour and tannin prior to fortification is essential
- Fortification can happen either during or after fermentation
- All Ports undergo extensive oxidative ageing
Rapid extraction of colour and tannin prior to fortification is essential
Which one of the following is correctly matched?
- Condrieu and Marsanne
- Hermitage and Grenache
- Saint-Joseph and Syrah
- Cote Rotie and Cinsault
Saint-Joseph and Syrah
Which of the following techniques can be used to make sweet styles of Sherry?
1, Using sun-dried grapes
2, Blending a PX wine with a dry wine
3, Adding RCGM to a dry wine
- 1 only
- 1 and 3 only
- 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
Which of the following is/are important natural factors in Mendoza?
1, Hail
2, Altitude
3, Ocean breezes
- 2 only
- 3 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 1 and 3 only
1 and 2 only
What is the minimum period of maturation in oak required for a Spanish red wine to be labelled Reserva?
- 6 months
- 12 months
- 18 months
- 36 months
12 months
Which wine fault is identified by a distinct smell of vinegar or nail polish remover?
- Volatile acidity
- Cork taint
- Brettanomyces(Brett)
- Oxidation
Volatile acidity
Clear or purple/pink crystals in a bottle of wine imply that the wine?
- Has been aged in oak barrels.
- Has not been chilled to stabilise the wine.
- Excess sugar from chaptalisation has not dissolved in the wine.
- Has most likely to have undergone semi-carbonic maceration
Has not been chilled to stabilise the wine.
Which is not an example of Clarification?
- Sedimentation
- Fining
- Millerandage
- Filtration
Millerandage
Which statements about blending are true?
1) Blending of grape varieties is common
2) Blending of vintages is allowed in some regions
3) Blending can occur at any stage of the winemaking process
4) Blending of different pressing fractions can help balance
- 1 only
- 1 & 2
- 1, 2 & 4
- 1, 2, 3, 4
1, 2, 3, 4
Which statement about Lees contact is false?
- Is the sediment of the dead yeast cells
- Can add richness to wine after extended ageing.
- Gross lees come out of the wine first, the fine lees settle afterwards and are removed during maturation process.
- Lees break down in the process known as Autovinifiers.
Lees break down in the process known as Autovinifiers.
Which is an incorrect statement?
- The bigger the barrel the slower oxidation occurs
- All other things being equal, the smaller the barrel the quicker the oak flavour is imparted
- A 225 litre barrel is small
- Large barrels oxidise wine faster because of their greater surface area
Large barrels oxidise wine faster because of their greater surface area
What is the best method of storing anaerobic made wines?
- In a large plastic barrel
- In an inert stainless steel tank or epoxy resin lined cement tank
- In an oak barrel
- In a bottle with a plastic cork
In an inert stainless steel tank or epoxy resin lined cement tank
Protective wine making is most likely to result in wines that are?
- Oaky
- Complex
- Fruity in style
- Age worthy
Fruity in style
Which is often NOT part of anaerobic wine making?
- Maturing wines in old oak barrels
- Use of antioxidants on the grapes during picking
- Picking at night when the temperatures are low
- Filling airtight equipment with Carbon Dioxide or Nitrogen
Maturing wines in old oak barrels
Which one of these is wrong about using Sulphur Dioxide in wine making?
- SO2 levels are limited because it can be toxic at very high levels
- It is an antioxidant
- It is used to adjust the acidity of wine
- It’s an antiseptic
It is used to adjust the acidity of wine
Oxygen during wine making is?
- Always positive
- Always negative
- Sometimes positive and sometimes negative
- Has no impact on the final wine
Sometimes positive and sometimes negative
A natural wine is?
- A wine that is made with a particular stylistic goal in mind
- A wine that is made with as minimal intervention as possible
- A wine that is always harvested late.
- A wine made from the grape variety “Natural”
A wine that is made with as minimal intervention as possible
Why is netting needed in a vineyard?
- To protect the vine from frost
- To protect the grapes from birds
- To protect the vine from hail
- To protect the vine from birds and/or hail
To protect the vine from birds and/or hail
Which statement about Vitis Vinifera is true?
- The main Eurasian species for grape production
- It is the preferred species for roots
- Provides excellent disease resistance
- When harvested green grapes turn blue
The main Eurasian species for grape production
The Southern Italian name for Zinfandel is?
- Primitivo
- Negroamaro
- Aglianico
- Nebbiolo
Primitivo
Which grape variety would you not expect to undergo carbonic maceration?
1) Garnacha
2) Arinto
3) Gammay
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 1 & 3
2
The climate in Rias Baxas is?
- Maritime
- Mediterranean
- Continental
- Sub tropical
Maritime
The climate on the Eastern Spanish coast is?
- Maritime
- Mediterranean
- Continental
- Sub tropical
Mediterranean
The climate in the centre of Spain is?
- Maritime
- Mediterranean
- Continental
- Sub tropical
Continental
Which is the correct order of quality from highest to lowest?
- Chianti Classico DOCG, Chianti DOCG, Chianti Classico Gran Selezione DOCG
- Chianti Classico Gran Selezione DOCG, Chianti Classico DOCG, Chianti DOCG
- Chianti DOCG, Chianti Classico DOCG, Chianti Classico Gran Selezione DOCG
- Chianti Classico Gran Selezione DOCG, Chianti DOCG, Chianti Classico DOCG
Chianti Classico Gran Selezione DOCG, Chianti Classico DOCG, Chianti DOCG
Another name for the Spätburgunder grape is
- Silvaner
- Syrah
- Pinot Noir
- Cabernet Sauvignon
Pinot Noir
Put these grapes in the correct order of requiring more temperature to achieve a similar ripeness levels.
- Petit Verdot, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon
- Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot
- Petit Verdot, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon
- Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot
Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Petit Verdot
A dry wine is high in acidity with a light body, flavours of lemon, green apple and yeasty notes. What is it?
- Pouilly-Fumé
- Coteaux du Layon
- Muscadet
- Savenniéres
Muscadet
Johannisberg, Rüesheim are all villages in?
- Pfalz
- Rheingau
- Rheinhessen
- Nahe
Rheingau
Which is not a white grape variety permitted in the production of sweet wine in Bordeaux?
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Sémillon
- Muscadelle
- Muscat of Alexandria
Muscat of Alexandria
Put the following wines in order of price and quality, lowest to highest.
- St Emilion, St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé B, St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé A, St Emilion Grand Cru Classé
- St Emilion, St Emilion Grand Cru Classé , St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé B, St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé A
- St Emilion Grand Cru Classé, St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé B, St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé A, St Emilion
- St Emilion, St Emilion Grand Cru Classé , St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé A, St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé B
St Emilion, St Emilion Grand Cru Classé , St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé B, St Emilion Premier Grand Cru Classé A
A wine from Beaujolais that is well structured with concentrated fruit and firm tannins, improves with bottle ageing and often matured in oak barrels, is likely to be?
- AC Beaujolais Nouveau
- AC Beaujolais Cru
- AC Beaujolais Primeur
- AC Beaujolais
AC Beaujolais Cru
AC Gevrey Chambertin is an example of?
- Regional Wine
- Commune / Village
- Premier Cru
- Grand Cru
Commune / Village
DOCQ wines in Catalonia are equivalent to a Spanish?
- DO
- DOCa
- Vinos de pago
- Vino de la Tierra (VdlT)
DOCa
Which one of these statements about PDO wine is false?
- Prädikatswein is a PDO
- The wine must be produced in the stated area.
- Bandol is not a PDO
- Quality or characteristics essentially due to geographic environment and its inherent natural and human factors.
Bandol is not a PDO
Which one of these statements about PGI wine is false?
- PGI’s must not display the grape variety on the label.
- Possess specific quality, reputation or other characteristics attributable to that area.
- IGT is an example of a PGI from Italy
- All of the above
PGI’s must not display the grape variety on the label.
Sedimentation is?
- Adding a material to the wine that passes down through the wine attracting and capturing particles.
- When large particles settle at the bottom of the tank and the wine is decanted off.
- The building of humus layers in the vineyard.
- None of the above.
When large particles settle at the bottom of the tank and the wine is decanted off.
A wine for long term storage needs?
- High tannin
- High acidity
- High alcohol
- Any of the above
Any of the above
Which one of these is not a method of increasing extraction during wine making?
- Pumping over
- Rotary fermenters
- Post fermentation Maceration
- MLF
MLF
Which one of these is associated with manual harvest?
- Can be done at night when temperatures are lower, slowing down oxidation
- The grapes are shaken violently off the vine
- High capital costs but low ongoing costs
- Suitable for all trellising systems
Suitable for all trellising systems
Which soil type has the largest warming effect?
- Clay
- Sand
- Gravel
- Chalk
Gravel
Continental climates can be described as?
- High continentality, low rainfall and a very sunny growing season.
- Low to medium continentality, medium to high rainfall all year long and often a cloudy growing season
- Low to medium continentality, low to medium rainfall mainly in winter and a sunny growing season.
- High continentality, low rainfall and often with foggy morning and high cloud cover.
High continentality, low rainfall and a very sunny growing season.
What is the French name for the Italian Pinot Grigio?
- Pinot Blanc
- Pinot Noir
- Pinot Gris
- Chardonnay
Pinot Gris
Which statement about the soils found in Jerez is false?
- It has excellent water holding capacities
- In summer the soil forms a hard crust that limits evaporation from the soil
- Rectangular pits are dug into it over winter to encourage water to be trapped in the soil
- These large pudding stones heat up and reflect heat back at night
These large pudding stones heat up and reflect heat back at night
Which one of these Ports would have the vintage on the label?
- Reserve Tawny
- Age indicated Tawny
- LBV
- Ruby Port
LBV
Which wine region is in the correct order from largest to smallest?
- Vin de France, Burgundy, Pommard, Côte d’Or
- Burgundy, Vin de France, Pommard, Côte d’Or
- Vin de France, Burgundy, Côte d’Or, Pommard
- Vin de France, Côte d’Or, Burgundy, Pommard
Vin de France, Burgundy, Côte d’Or, Pommard
Which sweet wine is not matched to the correct method of production.
- Sauternes -> Noble rot
- Recioto -> Appassimento
- Trockenbeerenauslese -> Noble Rot
- Aszú -> Ice wine
Aszú -> Ice wine
What is sekt?
- A dry Champagne
- The first 66% of juice that comes off a Champagne press.
- A sweet Champagne
- A German sparkling wine
A German sparkling wine
At what angle should a sparkling wine bottle be tilted to when opening?
- 10°
- 30°
- 45°
- 90°
30°
Vielles Vignes is the French term for?
- Barrel fermentation
- Old vine
- Oak ageing
- A white grape grown in Alsace
Old vine
Which gives the best description of Coquimbo with its Elqui & Limari subregion?
- Considerable diversity of warmer valleys and exposed cooler coastal valleys
- With its exposure to the cooling Humbolt current and wet climate
- A cool coastal exposure
- Cool and dry climate with intense sun
Cool and dry climate with intense sun
Which region does not make Bordeaux blends?
- Margaret River
- Bergerac
- Heathcote
- Stellenbosch
Heathcote
What is the name given to the process whereby the sediment is expelled from a bottle of Champagne?
- Drawing off
- Riddling
- Racking
- Disgorgement
Disgorgement
Which one of the following will guarantee microbiological stability in a wine?
- Sterile filtration
- Racking
- Depth filtration
- Cool fermentation
Sterile filtration
What grape variety is NOT used in the production of Port
- Tinta Roriz
- Touriga Nacional
- Ugni Blanc
- Touriga Franc
Ugni Blanc
Which on of the following is an natural factor in Ribera del Duero?
- Maritime influence
- Early morning autumn mist
- High altitude
- Cold air descending from the Pyrenees
High altitude
At a picnic a friend opens a bottle of wine smelling of damp cardboard. What was the vessel the wine came in?
- Bag in box
- Plastic bottle
- Glass bottle with cork
- Glass bottle with screw cap
Glass bottle with cork
Which packaging option is best at preserving fresh fruity wines?
- Bag in box
- Plastic bottle
- Glass bottles with screw cap
- Glass bottle with cork
Glass bottles with screw cap
Sterile filtering is
1) Not necessary for fortified wines.
2) A surface filter with pore size small enough to remove yeast and bacteria.
3) Is not required for low acid, sweet wines that have not undergone MLF.
4) A filter whose pores can block up easily.
- 1,2,3 & 4
- 2, 3 & 4
- 1, 2 & 4
- 1, 3
1, 2 & 4
What does MLF do to wine?
- Adds lemon flavours to the wine and makes the tartaric acid sharper.
- Creates a fruiter style of wine.
- Softens acidity and can add a buttery flavour to the wine.
- Nothing.
Softens acidity and can add a buttery flavour to the wine.
With regard to pressing wine, what does fractions mean?
- It is the ratio of juice to skin.
- It is the percentage of juice to the total weight of the grapes.
- It is different pressing of the same grapes at different pressures to give a mix of blending components.
- It is the ratio of different grape varieties in the final blend.
It is different pressing of the same grapes at different pressures to give a mix of blending components.
Which one of these is not required if the grapes are mechanically harvested?
- Adjustments
- Sorting
- Pressing
- De-stemming
De-stemming
What is the correct order for Grape Processing?
- Sorting, De-stemming & Crushing, Pressing, Adjustments
- Sorting, Pressing, De-stemming & Crushing, Adjustments
- Adjustments, Sorting, De-stemming & Crushing, Pressing
- Pressing, De-stemming & Crushing, Adjustments, Sorting
Sorting, De-stemming & Crushing, Pressing, Adjustments
Which one of these is the least inert vessel?
- Epoxy-lined concrete tank
- Stainless steel
- A glass bottle with a screw cap
- Oak barrel
Oak barrel
Which material will not impart an oak character to the wine?
- Staves
- Oak chips
- Oak barrels
- Epoxy resin lined tanks
Epoxy resin lined tanks
Which statement is most correct about inert vessels?
- Inert vessels do not pass oak flavours to the wine but the wine does typically oxidise
- Inert vessels do pass oak flavours to the wine and the wine does oxidise
- Inert vessels do pass oak flavours to the wine and the wine does not typically oxidise
- Inert vessels do not pass oak flavours to the wine and the wine does not typically oxidise
Inert vessels do not pass oak flavours to the wine and the wine does not typically oxidise
Which one of these is not a sign that a wine has become exposed to too much oxygen?
- White wines get darker
- Red wines get lighter
- Wines lose their fresh fruit flavour
- Bacteria will cause the wine to lose acidity, develop buttery flavours and become fizzy
Bacteria will cause the wine to lose acidity, develop buttery flavours and become fizzy
Which tertiary flavours are a result of excess oxidation during maturation?
- Raspberry, toffee, nuts
- Caramel, toffee, nuts
- Caramel, coffee, tar
- Raspberry, toffee, tar
Caramel, toffee, nuts
Which wine is not made by leaving a gap at the top of a barrel?
- Rutherglen Muscat
- Olorosso Sherry
- Champagne
- Tawny Port
Champagne
Frost flows in a similar way to?
- Ice
- Water
- Steam
- Frost never flows..
Water
Which one of these is the odd one out?
- Grey Rot
- Nematodes
- Powdery Mildew
- Downy Mildew
Nematodes
Which statement about Ribera del Duero is false?
- The climate is Continental and isolated from any Atlantic influences by a ring of Mountains.
- It is in the highest part of the Meseta at over 850m.
- The climate tends to thicken grapes’ skins making its Tempranillo based red wines have deep colour, tannins and body.
- The climate tends to thicken grapes’ skins making its Viura based red wines have deep colour, tannins and body.
The climate tends to thicken grapes’ skins making its Viura based red wines have deep colour, tannins and body.
The climate in the North West of Spain is?
- Maritime
- Mediterranean
- Continental
- Sub tropical
Maritime
Which one of these regions is famous for its Super Tuscan wines?
- Frascati
- Bolgheri
- Orvieto
- Puglia
Bolgheri
Vouvray wines are?
- Dry, still white wines made from Chenin Blanc
- Sweet, still white wines made from Chenin Blanc
- Sparkling white wines made from Chenin Blanc
- All of the above
All of the above
Which is not a typical method of making a sweet wine in Germany?
- Chill and filter the wine during fermentation
- Sussreserve
- Fortification
- Naturally sweet
Fortification
Côtes de Bordeaux wines are?
- Sweet wines
- Soft, easy drinking Merlot dominated wines
- Dry white wines made from 100% Sauvignon Blanc
- Cabernet Sauvignon & Malbec red wines with structure
Soft, easy drinking Merlot dominated wines
Traditional vineyard system used in Beaujolais is?
- Cordon Spur
- Replacement cane
- VSP
- Bush / Gobelet
Bush / Gobelet
Which statement about Côte de Nuits is false?
- All but one of Burgundy’s Grand Cru reds are in the Côte de Nuits
- The following regions are all in Côte de Nuits : Gevrey-Chambertin, Vougeot, Vosne-Romanée, Nuits-Saint-Georges
- Côte de Nuits is the furthest Northern region in Burgundy
- The key red grape for Côte de Nuits is Pinot Noir
Côte de Nuits is the furthest Northern region in Burgundy
Vin de France and Deutscher Wein are both examples of?
- Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
- Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)
- Wines without Geographical Indication
- None of the above
Wines without Geographical Indication
DOC, DOCa are both examples of?
- Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
- Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)
- Neither
- Both
Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)
A Depth filter is?
- A type of filter similar to a sieve, but is a sheet with lots of holes in it, where larger particles get caught.
- A type of filter that is made up of material such as earth. When the product is passed through the filter, larger particles are caught amongst the material.
- Adding a material to the wine that passes down through the wine attracting and capturing particles.
- All of the above
A type of filter that is made up of material such as earth. When the product is passed through the filter, larger particles are caught amongst the material.
Which one of these is not a method of increasing extraction during wine making?
- Rotary Fermenters
- Rack & Return
- Punching down
- Punch up
Punch up
Another name for Botrytis is?
- Downy Mildew
- Powdery Mildew
- Grey Rot
- Coulure
Grey Rot
The following are all examples of what type of climate?
Cool -> Muscadet
Mod -> Bordeaux, Rias Baixas
Warm -> Auckland
- Mediterranean climate
- Maritime climate
- Continental climate
- Monsoon climate
Maritime climate
My Great Aunt Morag owns a vineyard up a mountain, as the altitude increases, the temperature?
- Stays the same
- Goes up
- Goes down
- Randomly changes.
Goes down
In relations to vines, Hybrids are?
- Sexual reproduction, with the parents being a different species
- Sexual reproduction, with both parents being the same species
- The process of joining a rootstock to another vine
- An error in copying process of new bud
Sexual reproduction, with the parents being a different species
Which of these terms is not associated with viticulture or wine making?
- Bush training
- Permanent wood
- Plunging the cap
- Alpine Clarion
Alpine Clarion
The term VSP refers to?
- Very Special Pale a style of white Port.
- Vertical shoot positioning
- Variegated Sharp-shooter Parasite
- Very Sensible Plunging
Vertical shoot positioning
Which one of these is the most important grape in Sherry?
- Merlot
- Muscat of Alexandria
- Palomino
- Tinta Roriz
Palomino
Which of these grapes is a synonym for Tempranillo?
- Touriga Nacional
- Touriga Franca
- Tinta Barroca
- Tinta Roriz
Tinta Roriz
You are working in a restaurant selling only French wines. A client comes in saying they only like Barossa Grenache Shiraz blends. Which alternative region is likely to use similar grape varieties?
- Margaux AOC
- Gevry Chambertin AOC
- Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC
- Saint Émilion AOC
Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC
Cava is made by which method of production
- Tank method
- Traditional method
- Transfer method
- Asti method
Traditional method
Which statement about Italian Reserva wines is true?
- They can only be made from DOCG regions
- Chianti is the only region that can produce Reserva
- It has the same meaning as Spanish Reserva
- It has been aged for a set period of time
It has been aged for a set period of time
Which country is not known for growing Grenache?
- France
- Australia
- New Zealand
- Spain
New Zealand
Which statement for Pinot Noir is not true?
- Pinot Noir has thin skins
- Chile’s Casablanca region is known for producing Pinot Noir
- Germany’s Mosel is a key region for Pinot Noir
- South Africa’s Walker Bay is known for its Pinot Noirs
Germany’s Mosel is a key region for Pinot Noir
Which wine does this description best fit: full-bodied with flavours of citrus, peach, melon, oak and spice?
- Meursault AOC
- Bordeaux AOC Blanc
- Marlborough Sauvignon Blanc
- Barbera d’Asti DOCG
Meursault AOC
What is the correct serving temperature for sweet wine?
- Lightly Chilled 10-13°C (50-55°F)
- Chilled 7-10°C (45-50°F)
- Well Chilled 6-8°C (43-45°F)
- Room temperature 15-18°C (59-64°F)
Well Chilled 6-8°C (43-45°F)
Which Country is Denominación de Origen (DO) associated with?
- Spain
- Italy
- Germany
- France
Spain
Which regions are known for their red Bordeaux blends?
- Margaret River, Stellenbosch, Monbazzillac
- Margaret River, Stellenbosch, Cahors
- Margaret River, Stellenbosch, Madiran
- Margaret River, Stellenbosch, Bergerac
Margaret River, Stellenbosch, Bergerac
Which region is not known for growing the aromatic Torrontes variety?
- Cafayate
- Elqui
- Mendoza
- San Juan
Elqui
Which one of these combinations of grapes are grown in Casablanca?
- Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Mourvèdre
- Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling, Petit Verdot
- Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir
- Sauvignon Blanc, Syrah, Grenache
Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir
Which region is Continental?
- Central Otago
- Nelson
- Auckland
- Martinborough
Central Otago
MLF stands for?
- More Lemon Flavours.
- Medium length Fermentation
- Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus.
- Malo Lactic Fermentation.
Malo Lactic Fermentation.
Which one of these statements is true?
- Fermenting at higher temperatures results in less tannins in red wines.
- Fermenting white wines at higher temperatures can encourage savoury, complex aromas to develop.
- Red wines have floral aromas due to their higher fermentation temperature.
- Lower temperatures discourage the development of varietal fruity character.
Fermenting white wines at higher temperatures can encourage savoury, complex aromas to develop.
Which one of these statements about yeast is false?
- Commercial yeast strains give a consistency of flavour.
- Ambient Yeast strains (wild fermentation) results in wines that may be more complex.
- Ambient / Wild Yeast strains are more reliable at higher temperatures.
- Yeast will not ferment correctly if the temperature is too high or two low.
Ambient / Wild Yeast strains are more reliable at higher temperatures.
Which is not a method for the winemaker to artificially stop the fermentation?
- Addition of tartaric acid
- Chill the wine and filter
- Addition of SO2
- Addition of spirit to raise the alcohol level
Addition of tartaric acid
Which of these are reason that Alcoholic Fermentation may stop?
1) The sugar is consumed
2) The temperature is above 35℃
3) The yeast runs out of nutrients
4) The sugar and alcohol level is too high
- 1, 2, 3, 4
- 1 only
- 1, 2, 4
- 1, 2, 3
1, 2, 3, 4
The main organism used to carry out alcoholic fermentation is
- Brettanomyces
- Lactic acid bacteria
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Trichloroanisole
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Which statement about acidification is false?
- Acidification is common in Chablis
- Acidification is usually done by the addition of tartaric acid
- Deacidification is carried out by the addition of an alkali
- Acidification is common in Europe’s warmer regions
Acidification is common in Chablis
Which statement about pressing pressure is incorrect?
- A high pressing pressure will release more juice
- A high pressing pressure is likely to result in bitter oils in the wine from torn seeds
- A single tank of high pressing pressure wine is likely to be low quality
- A wine made from high pressing pressure is likely to be made into a sweet wine.
A wine made from high pressing pressure is likely to be made into a sweet wine.
The day/night temperature changes are known as?
- Diurnal
- Continentality
- Grechetto
- Riddling
Diurnal
When is it best to do a green harvest?
- At the time of grape harvesting, mechanical harvesters collects green MOG
- Shortly after veraison
- Whenever mould builds up on the trunk
- Shortly after flowering
Shortly after veraison
The key grapes in Priorat are?
- Garnacha, Mencia, Cabernet Sauvignon
- Garnacha, Cariñena, Tempranillo
- Garnacha, Cariñena, Cabernet Sauvignon
- Garnacha, Albariño, Tempranillo
Garnacha, Cariñena, Cabernet Sauvignon
Which one of these grapes is used in making Valpolicella?
- Corvina
- Garganega
- Cortese
- All of the above
Corvina
What is the closest equivalent of a Passito wine?
- Ausbruch
- Strohwein
- Passerillage
- Trokenbeernauslese
Strohwein
The wine region most similar to Menetou Salon is?
- Bourgueil
- Sancerre
- Val de Loire IGP
- Chinon
Sancerre
Which term best describes a harvest where individual grapes are selected that are infected with botrytis to the point that they have dried out and are shrivelled up”?
- Spätlese
- Trocken
- Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)
- Kabinett
Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)
Which one of these regions is least likley to produce Merlot dominated wines?
- Pomerol
- Côtes de Bordeaux
- Pessac-Léognan
- Saint Émilion
Pessac-Léognan
Which statement about Beaujolais Nouveau is false?
- Cannot go on sale to consumer until after midnight on the third Wednesday in November.
- Cannot be sold by growers or merchants after the 31st August of the following vintage.
- Typically made with carbonic maceration with flavours of kirsch, bubblegum, banana and cinnamon.
- Often has high acidity and tannins.
Often has high acidity and tannins.
Which of these wines does this description best fit? A white wine that has high acidity, apple and citrus aromas and smoky minerality.
- Chablis
- Macon
- Pouilly Fuissé
- Morgon
Chablis
Gross Lees is?
- The mass of skin left over after pressing a white wine
- Dead yeast and grape skins that fall out of the wine shortly after fermentation has ended.
- Shorthand for Sur Lie
- Dead yeast that falls out of the wine during maturation.
Dead yeast and grape skins that fall out of the wine shortly after fermentation has ended.
Which is a method of concentrating grape sugars?
- Passerillage
- Passito
- Ice wine production
- All of the above
All of the above
Which of these is most likely to be done to both red and white wines in a cool climate?
- Barrel fermentation
- Post fermentation skin contact
- Carbonic maceration
- Chaptalisation
Chaptalisation
Which is not a method of controlling yield in a typical season?
- Green harvest
- Winter pruning
- Irrigation
- Mechanical Harvesting
Mechanical Harvesting
Maritime climate can be described as?
- High continentality, low rainfall and a very sunny growing season.
- Low to medium continentality, medium to high rainfall all year long and often a cloudy growing season.
- Low to medium continentality, low to medium rainfall mainly in winter and a sunny growing season
- High continentality, low rainfall and often with foggy morning and high cloud cover.
Low to medium continentality, medium to high rainfall all year long and often a cloudy growing season.
Which one of the statements about flor is false?
- It protects wines from oxidation
- It consumes nutrients from the wine so blending is essential
- Fino that exhibits flor is fortified to only 15.5% abv
- Wines that live under flor turn brown
Wines that live under flor turn brown
After production many Ports are matured by the coast at?
- Cima Corgo
- Vila Nova de Gaia
- Vinha ao alto
- Port Colheita
Vila Nova de Gaia
Which one of the following label descriptions is likely to indicate an oaky Sauvignon Blanc?
- Reserve
- Sancerre
- Fumé Blanc
- Biodynamic
Fumé Blanc
Which sweet wine can be described as having a ‘purity of fruit character’ associated with its production?
- Tokaji
- Beerenauslese
- Pale cream sherry
- Eiswein
Eiswein
Which is a method of sparkling wine production that does not typically produce wines with yeasty characters?
- Tank
- Traditional
- Transfer
- Appassimento
Tank
Viognier is
- A soft, full-bodied aromatic white wine, often with flavours of peach, apricots and blossom
- A soft, light-bodied aromatic white wine, often with flavours of butter, citrus and red berries
- A tannic red wine from Northern Rhone made from Syrah
- A Beaujolais Cru made from Gamay grapes
A soft, full-bodied aromatic white wine, often with flavours of peach, apricots and blossom
What does ‘Sur Lie’ mean?
- The wine has been aged on the dead yeast from an alcoholic fermentation
- Is the style of wine made in cool climates.
- The wine has been fermented a very low temperature
- Sur lie is the technical name for the tall bottles found in Alsace
The wine has been aged on the dead yeast from an alcoholic fermentation
A wine is dry, high in acidity with pronounced lime and petrol aromas. What is it and where does it come from?
- Semillon from Australia
- Riesling from Australia
- Riesling from Germany
- Semillon from Sauternes
Riesling from Australia
Which statement about Pinot Noir and Grenache is true?
- They prefer cool climates
- They often produce pale -> medium colour intensity wines
- Neither is regularly blended with other grapes
- They both typically have high levels of acidity
They often produce pale -> medium colour intensity wines
A wine has deep colour with high tannins and acidity with strong flavours of blackcurrant. The grape variety is?
- Merlot
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Sangiovese
- Zinfandel
Cabernet Sauvignon
What is the correct serving temperature for light/ medium bodied white wine?
- Lightly Chilled 10-13°C (50-55°F)
- Chilled 7-10°C (45-50°F)
- Well Chilled 6-8°C (43-45°F)
- Room temperature 15-18°C (59-64°F)
Chilled 7-10°C (45-50°F)
Which is the odd one out if seen on a label?
- Estate
- Château
- Domaine
- Vineyard
Vineyard
What is the correct order for ageing of Spanish wines?
- Joven, Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva
- Gran Reserva, Joven, Crianza, Reserva
- Crianza, Joven, Reserva, Gran Reserva
- Joven, Reserva, Gran Reserva, Crianza
Joven, Crianza, Reserva, Gran Reserva
On an Italian wine, Classico means?
- The original area of a DOC or DOCG before expansion
- A wine made to the traditional rules of the region
- Higher alcohol and longer ageing
- Higher alcohol
The original area of a DOC or DOCG before expansion
Which country is Denominación de Origen Calificada (DOCa) associated with?
- Spain
- Italy
- Germany
- France
Spain
Malbec is best described as?
- A red wine with low tannins and flavours of kirsch and bubblegum
- A red wine with low acidity med->high tannins with rich ripe damson fruit
- Deep coloured red wine with medium to high tannins, blackberry, plum and spice aromas
- High acidity, low tannins and often likes oak
Deep coloured red wine with medium to high tannins, blackberry, plum and spice aromas
Which is NOT a subregion of the Central Valley in Chile?
- Maipo
- Rapel
- Curico
- Maipú
Maipú
Which one of these statements about Carmenere from Chile is false?
- Carmenere is an old Bordeaux grape variety
- Carmenere is often deep coloured, med->full body with high tannins and blackberry and pepper flavours
- Carmenere is a synonym for Merlot
- Carmenere is often blended with Cabernet Sauvignon in Chile
Carmenere is a synonym for Merlot
A white wine is dry, medium alcohol, high acidity with green pepper and grapefruit aromas. Where is it from?
- Nelson Sauvignon Blanc
- Bandol
- Tavel
- Hunter Valley Semillon
Nelson Sauvignon Blanc
The wine is deep coloured with high tannins with black berry and peppery notes. Where is it from?
- Jurancon
- Givry
- Franken
- Geelong
Geelong
The wine has crisp acidity and an overt lime and petrol nose. Where is it from?
- Mosel Riesling
- Casablanca Sauvignon Blanc
- Hunter Valley Semillion
- Clare Valley Riesling
Clare Valley Riesling
Which region is famous for producing Cabernet Sauvignon?
- Marlborough
- Coonawarra
- Bourgueil
- Hunter Valley
Coonawarra
Which variety prefers the coolest climate?
- Cabernet Franc
- Mourvèdre
- Zinfandel
- Monastrell
Cabernet Franc
The most commonly used yeast strain in winemaking is:
- Brettanomyces bruxellensis
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Trichloroanisole
- Geotrichum candidum
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Which fault smells like nail polish remover?
a. Cork taint
b. Oxidation
c. Hydrogen sulfide
d. Volatile acidity
d. Volatile acidity
Which of the following best describes a Tawny Port?
a. Pale in color, dry, with notes of fresh almonds and fresh yeast
b. Orange-brown in color, medium-sweet, with notes of dried fruits and toffee
c. Deep purple in color, sweet, with notes of plum and fig
d. Near-black in color, opaque, luscious, with notes of coffee and prunes
b. Orange-brown in color, medium-sweet, with notes of dried fruits and toffee
What is the range for a medium-alcohol table wine?
a. Under 11%
b. 11% - 13.9%
c. 14% - 16%
d. Over 16%
b. 11% - 13.9%
Acidity and alcohol can both have the following effect on your palate:
a. Dry out your mouth
b. Make your mouth water
c. Sharp or tingly sensation
d. All of the above
c. Sharp or tingly sensation
Diacetyl is a compound derived from:
a. Cool climates
b. Malolactic conversion
c. Brettanomyces
d. Primary fermentation
b. Malolactic conversion
Which of the following pairs of food elements increase the perception of bitterness, tannin, and alcohol in wine?
a. Acidity and salt
b. Bitterness and sweetness
c. Chili heat and umami
d. Salt and sweetness
c. Chili heat and umami
How many buds are retained with cane pruning?
a. 2 to 3
b. 4 to 7
c. 8 to 20
d. It depends on the vintage
c. 8 to 20
Bordeaux Mixture is the traditional treatment for:
a. Bacterial disease
b. Downy mildew
c. Nematodes
d. Phylloxera
b. Downy mildew
What is the name of the soil nutrient deficiency that
affects a vine’s ability to photosynthesize?
a. Chlorosis
b. Coulure
c. Millerandage
d. Véraison
a. Chlorosis
A Warm Climate has a temperature range of:
a. 14.5°C - 16.5°C
b. 16.5°C - 18.5°C
c. 18.5°C - 21°C
d. Greater than 21°C
c. 18.5°C - 21°C
Put the following stages of a vine’s annual growth cycle in chronological order:
- Flowering and fruit set
- Budburst
- Shoot and leaf growth
- Harvest
- Véraison and berry ripening
a. 2,3,1,4,5
b. 3,2,1,5,4
c. 1,3,2,4,5
d. 2,3,1,5,4
b. 3,2,1,5,4
After Champagne, what is the second largest centre for sparkling production in France?
a. Loire Valley
b. Alsace
c. Burgundy
d. Bordeaux
a. Loire Valley
How long must a Cava spend on its lees?
a. 3 months
b. 6 months
c. 9 months
d. 12 months
c. 9 months
Which style of wine dominates McLaren Vale?
a. Dry, light bodied whites based on Riesling
b. Dry, full bodied reds based on Shiraz
c. Dry, sparkling wines based on Chardonnay
d. Dry, medium bodied reds based on Pinot Noir
b. Dry, full bodied reds based on Shiraz
What is the maximum strength of spirit that can be used for the fortification of Port?
a. 40% abv
b. 61% abv
c. 77% abv
d. 90% abv
c. 77% abv
What goes into the liqueur d’expédition in producing a traditional method sparkling wine?
a. Wine, sugar, yeast, and a clarifying agent
b. Wine and sugar
c. Wine and a clarifying agent
d. Brandy
b. Wine and sugar
What method of production is used for a Crémant sparkling wine?
a. Transfer
b. Tank
c. Traditional
c. Traditional
What is the main grape used in Sherry production?
a. Palomino
b. Garnacha
c. Glera
d. Muscat of Alexandria
a. Palomino
Which of the following is a type of must adjustment used to increase the potential alcohol of a still, light wine?
a. Chaptalization
b. Süssreserve
c. Neutral grape spirit
d. Dosage
a. Chaptalization
What grape are the Clare and Eden Valleys of Australia noted for?
a. Cabernet Sauvignon
b. Riesling
c. Semillon
d. Chardonnay
b. Riesling
What is the most widely planted grape in South Africa?
a. Pinotage
b. Chenin Blanc
c. Cabernet Sauvignon
d. Shiraz
b. Chenin Blanc
Which of the following red grapes is the only one permitted in Alsace?
a. Gamay
b. Merlot
c. Pinot Noir
d. Cabernet Franc
c. Pinot Noir
In Tokaj, dry wines aged under a film-forming yeast similar to flor are called:
a. Tokaji Aszú
b. Tokaji Eszencia
c. Tokaji Friulano
d. Tokaji Szamorodni
d. Tokaji Szamorodni
What is the name of the mountain range that protects Mendoza?
a. Vosges
b. Andes
c. Cascades
d. Alps
b. Andes
Which Northern Rhône appellation must be 100% Syrah?
a. Condrieu
b. Cornas
c. Côte-Rôtie
d. Crozes-Hermitage
b. Cornas
What lake sits between Lombardy and Veneto?
a. Lake Balaton
b. Lake Como
c. Lake Maggiore
d. Lake Garda
d. Lake Garda
In which region of Bordeaux would you find the Premier Grand Cru Classé A classification?
a. Haut-Médoc
b. Graves
c. Saint-Émilion
d. Pomerol
c. Saint-Émilion
What does Petit Verdot add to a blend?
a. Tannin and spicy notes
b. Tannin and red currant fruit character
c. Softness and richness
d. Alcohol and acidity
a. Tannin and spicy notes
What is the main soil type on which the Beaujolais Crus are grown?
a. Clay
b. Sand
c. Granite
d. Schist
c. Granite
Where does the classification of Ausbruch fall in the Prädikat system in Austria?
a. Between Kabinett and Spätlese
b. Between Spätlese and Beerenauslese
c. Between Auslese and Beerenauslese
d. Between Beerenauslese and Trockenbeerenauslese
d. Between Beerenauslese and Trockenbeerenauslese
Which white grape is predominantly found in Rías Baixas?
a. Viura
b. Macabeo
c. Albariño
d. Parellada
c. Albariño
Which commume in the Côte de Beaune produces red wines only?
a. Beaune
b. Meursault
c. Volnay
d. Puligny-Montrachet
c. Volnay
What is the predominant grape in Salice Salentino DOC?
a. Nero d’Avola
b. Negroamaro
c. Primitivo
d. Nebbiolo
b. Negroamaro
Which of the following grapes is considered to be of the highest quality in the Douro?
a. Tinta Roriz
b. Touriga Franca
c. Touriga Nacional
d. Tinta Cão
c. Touriga Nacional
Bairrada is known for this black grape:
a. Baga
b. Jaen
c. Alfrocheiro
d. Malvasia
a. Baga
What is the predominant grape in Bierzo?
a. Tempranillo
b. Garnacha
c. Monastrell
d. Mencía
d. Mencía
Some of the highest elevation vineyards in the world are located in this South American region:
a. Mendoza
b. Salta
c. Bío Bío
d. Maule
b. Salta
What is the white grape used in Soave DOC?
a. Cortese
b. Orvieto
c. Garganega
d. Verdicchio
c. Garganega
Which 2 AVAs in California are known for their sparkling wines?
a. Los Carneros AVA and Anderson Valley AVA
b. Knights Valley AVA and Santa Ynez AVA
c. Alexander Valley AVA and Willamette Valley AVA
d. Monterey AVA and Calistoga AVA
a. Los Carneros AVA and Anderson Valley AVA
In which town must Manzanilla Sherries be aged?
a. Cádiz
b. Sanlúcar de Barrameda
c. Jerez de la Frontera
d. Chiclana de la Frontera
b. Sanlúcar de Barrameda
How many Grand Crus does Chablis have?
a. 7
b. 5
c. 12
d. 9
a. 7
The Peloponnese is best known for this PDO:
a. Santorini
b. Nemea
c. Naoussa
d. Retsina
b. Nemea
What is the most planted black grape in New Zealand?
a. Merlot
b. Cabernet Sauvignon
c. Cabernet Franc
d. Pinot Noir
d. Pinot Noir
What is the most important DVA (Designated Viticulture Area) in British Columbia, Canada?
a. Okanagan Valley
b. Niagara Peninsula
c. Rogue Valley
a. Okanagan Valley
The Elqui Valley can be found in which region of Chile?
a. Aconcagua
b. Maipo
c. Coquimbo
d. Rapel
c. Coquimbo
Which one of the following is a Beaujolais Cru?
- Mercurey
- Montagny
- Morgon
- Margaux
Morgon (Gamey)
Autolysis in sparkling wine results in
- Floral, grapey flavours
- High alcohol
- Low alcohol
- Bready, biscuity flavours
Bready, biscuity flavours
Floral, grapey flavours (Asti DOCG - asti method)
What are Vinos de Pago:
- Red wines from Chile
- Fortified wines from Spain
- Wines from a single estate with a high reputation in Spain
- Simple, inexpensive wines
Wines from a single estate with a high reputation in Spain
Where is the Tavel AOC located?
- Northern Rhone
- Southern Rhone
- Languedoc-Roussillon
- Provence
Southern Rhone
Dark, full-bodied red wines with powerful tannins produced almost exclusively from the Mourvedre grape are produced where?
- Cornas
- Madiran
- Cahors
- Bandol
Bandol
- Cornas (100%Syrah)
- Madiran (Tannat)
- Cahors (Malbec)
Which of the following is NOT a fungal disease?
- Botrytis cinerea
- Millerandange
- Powdery mildew
- Downy mildey
Millerandange
Rutherglen is renowned for which style of wine?
- Sparkling
- Fortified
- Light white wines
- Light red wines
Fortified (Muscat)
Which of the following wines can be produced a dry style? 1, Ausles 2, Kabinett 3, Spatlese 4, Eiswein
- 1 and 2 only
- 2,3 and 4
- 1,3 and 4
- 1,2 and 3
1,2 and 3
1, Ausles (Trocken*)
2, Kabinett (Trocken)
3, Spatlese (Trocken)
4, Eiswein (only sweet)
Viticulture in Cafayate is significantly influenced by?
- on-shore fog
- noble rot
- high rainfall
- high altitude
high altitude
Which grape variety is used to make Gavi DOCG?
- Trebbiano
- Malvasia
- Cortese
- Grechetto
Cortese
Well-known countries for Riesling are:
- Germany, Italy, Austria, Spain, Australia
- Australia, Switzerland, Portugal, Austria
- Germany, Austria, Italy, Spain, Australia, New Zealand
- Germany, France, Austria, Australia, New Zealand
Germany, France, Austria, Australia, New Zealand
Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched
- Menetou and Touraine
- Vouvray and Nantais
- Coteaux du Layon and Anjou-Saumur
- Chinon and Central Vineyards
Coteaux du Layon and Anjou-Saumur
From which sub-region of the Loire does Chinon come from?
- Nantais
- Anjou-Saumur
- Touraine
- Central Vineyards
Touraine
Where is Semillon most widely found in France?
- Bordeaux to make only dry wines
- The Loire Valley to make only sweet wines
- Bordeaux to make sweet and dry wines
- The Loire Valley to make sweet and dry wines
Bordeaux to make sweet and dry wines
The Taunus Hills protect which region?
- Baden
- Pfalz
- Rheingau
- Nahe
Rheingau
Baden Black Forest(E) Pfalz Haardt(W)
Where are the vineyards of Carneros?
- Chile
- South Africa
- California
- New Zealand
California
Which one of the following is a European vine species?
- Vitis labrusca
- Vitis amurensis
- Vitis riparia
- Vitis vinifera
Vitis vinifera
Which country is best known for Furmint production?
- Germany
- Austria
- Hungary
- Australia
Hungary
In which Italian region is Barbera d’Alba DOC produced?
- Sicily
- Tuscany
- Veneto
- Piemonte
Piemonte
Prosecco is produced in
- Tuscany
- Veneto
- Piemonte
- Emilia-Romagna
Veneto
All Barolo must be aged in oak for a minimum of
- 6 months
- 18 months
- 3 years
- 5 years
18 months
Chenin blanc is widely grown in:
- Germany
- California
- South Africa
- Bordeaux
South Africa
In which wine producing district is Kimmeridgian Clay the principal soil
- Chablis
- Cote de Nuits
- Maconnais
- Beaujolais
Chablis
Where are ‘Llicorella’ soils are found?
- Burgundy
- Rhiengau
- Chianti Classico
- Priorat
Priorat
Sweetness in wine is mostly caused by:
- Completely fermented must
- Unfermented sugars in the wine
- Adding sugar to the wine
- Adding sugar to the most, before fermenting
Unfermented sugars in the wine
Which one of the following is a full-bodied and tannic wine with a distinct soft black fruit character?
- Hermitage
- Condrieu
- Bardolino
- Valpolicella Classico
Hermitage
Which one of the following grape varieties is known for production of powerful dry white wines in Hungary?
- Olasz Rizling
- Kadarka
- Furmint
- Kekfrankos
Furmint
Which Australian district is known for Terra Rossa soils?
- Hunter Valley
- Margaret River
- Coonawarra
- Tasmania
Coonawarra
What is the principal grape variety in the Rose d’Anjou blend?
- Cabernet Franc
- Gamay
- Malbec
- Grolleau
Grolleau
Which one of the following indicates a Champagne with no dosage added
- Extra Brut
- Brut
- Brut Nature
- Sec
Brut Nature
Corvina, Rodinella and Molinara are all grape varieties found in: 1 Bardolino 2 Valpolicella 3 Valpolicella Ripasso 4 Amarone della Valpolicella
- 1 only
- 2 & 3 only
- 1, 2 & 3
- 1, 2, 3 & 4
1, 2, 3 & 4
Which region in Austria produces the greatest volume of wine
- Burgenland
- Styria
- Vienna
- Niederosterreich
Niederosterreich
Which region is known for producing the best wines from the Dolcetto grape?
- Dogliani
- Bolgheri
- Copertino
- Taurasi
Dogliani
Carmenere is an important grape variety grown in
- Chile
- Argentina
- Australia
- South Africa
Chile
For which one of the following areas in California have new crossings been developed such as Ruby Cabernet?
- Mendocino
- Santa Barbara
- Central Valley
- Sonoma
Central Valley
Why is pasteurisation sometimes used in winemaking?
- it is part of the fining process
- it gives chemical stability
- it gives microbiological stability
- it is a method of filtration
it gives microbiological stability
In which of the following do you find Grenache? 1 Spain 2 Italy 3 Australia 4 France
- 1, 2 and 4
- 2, 3 and 4
- 1, 3 and 4
- 1, 2 and 3
1, 3 and 4
Which of the following countries/regions produce Pinot Noir?
- Germany
- Champagne
- Burgundy
- All of the above
All of the above
Pinotage is a crossing between Pinot Noir and
- Carignan
- Colombard
- Cinsault
- Chenin Blanc
Cinsault
In the classic Bordeaux blend, Cabernet Sauvignon adds
1) sweetness
2) softness
3) colour
4) tannin
5) blackcurrant fruit character
- 2, 4 and 5
- 1 and 3
- 3, 4 and 5
- 1 and 2
3, 4 and 5
Where is Tavel AC?
- North Rhone
- South Rhone
- Languedoc-Roussillon
- Provence
South Rhone
Touriga Nacional is a
- White grape from Portugal
- Black grape from Portugal
- White grape from Spain
- Black grape from Spain
Black grape from Portugal
In which country is the grape variety St Laurent important?
- France
- Austria
- Italy
- Hungary
Austria
Which one of the following regions has a maritime climate
- Dao
- Douro
- Alentejo
- Vinho Verde
Vinho Verde
Which one of the following grape varieties is most likely to be used in good quality Frascati DOC?
- Pinot Bianco
- Trebbiano
- Vernacchia
- Malvasia
Malvasia
Which one of the following regions is NOT known for Pinot Noir?
- Hawke’s Bay
- Central Otago
- Martinborough
- Marlborough
Hawke’s Bay
Which region in California produces the most wine?
- Central Valley
- Napa Valley
- Sierra Foothills
- Southern California
Central Valley
What does the word ‘Quinta’ mean on a bottle of Port?
- Vintage
- Winery
- Style
- Grape Variety
Winery
How many growers are there approximately in Champagne?
- 9,000
- 19,000
- 49,000
- 90,000
19,000
Between which two rivers does the district of Entre-deux-mers AOC lie
- Dordogne and Saone
- Garonne and Marne
- Garonne and Dordogne
- Saone and Rhone
Garonne and Dordogne
Which regions are known for Pinot Noir?
- Nuit-Saint-Georges
- Gevrey-Chambertin
- Pommard
- Beaune
- 1, 2 & 3 only
- 2, 3 & 4 only
- 1, 2 & 4 only
- 1, 2, 3 & 4
1, 2, 3 & 4
The rainfall levels in Mendoza
- present no particular problem
- are so high the rot is a persistent threat
- mean irrigation is only needed in very dry years
- mean irrigation is essential
mean irrigation is essential
What is the principle grape of Hermitage Blanc and Saint-Peray?
- Roussanne
- Viognier
- Marsanne
- Grenache Blanc
Marsanne
Xarel-lo is a white grape variety grown in
- Greece
- Italy
- Spain
- Portugal
Spain
Which two black grape varieties are permitted in the production of Rosé Cava?
- Tempranillo and Garnacha
- Syrah and Tempranillo
- Pinot Noir and Monastrell
- Garnacha and Monastrell
Garnacha and Monastrell
Flor thrives in which of the following conditions?
TEMPERATURE & HUMIDITY LEVEL
- Temperature: High; Humidity: Low
- Temperature: High; Humidity: Moderate
- Temperature: Moderate; Humidity: High
- Temperature: Low; Humidity: Low
Temperature: Moderate; Humidity: High
Finger Lakes AVA in New York State is best known for
- Syrah
- Riesling
- Grenache
- Zinfandel
Riesling
A luscious amber wine with promounced oxidative flavours from oak aging, retaining some grape aromas. What type of wine does this describe?
- Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise
- Pale Cream Sherry
- Rutherglen Muscat
- Vintage Port
Rutherglen Muscat
Which area is known for producing the best wines from the Aglianico grape?
- Dogliani
- Bolgheri
- Copertino
- Taurasi
Taurasi
Which of the following is a white wine from Marche?
- Orvieto DOC
- Frascati DOC
- Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC
- Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOC
Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi DOC
Which one of the following is the sweetest?
- Tokaji Aszu
- Tokaji Furmint
- Tokaji Szamorodni Szaraz
- Tokaji Essencia
Tokaji Essencia
Which one of the following regions is NOT known for Syrah?
- Hawke’s Bay
- Barossa
- McLaren Vale
- Martinborough
Martinborough
The most extensively planted red variety in Austria is
- Saint-Laurent
- Pinot Noir
- Blaufrankisch
- Zweigelt
Zweigelt
Rutherglen is renowned for which style of wine?
- Sparkling
- Fortified
- Light white wines
- Light red wines
Fortified
Carmenère is a grape that origins from:
- the Burgundy region, but now it’s the benchmark of Chile
- the Bordeaux region, but now it’s the benchmark of Chile
- Chile, but now it’s the benchmark of Argentina
- Chile, but now it’s the benchmark of California
the Bordeaux region, but now it’s the benchmark of Chile
Ruby Cabernet is a crossing of Cabernet Sauvignon and
- Cot
- Colombard
- Carignan
- Cabernet Franc
Carignan
The Aconcagua Mountain is found where?
- Chile
- California
- South Africa
- New Zealand
Chile
Which of the following wines can be produced in a dry style? 1 Auslese 2 Kabinett 3 Spatlese 4 Eiswein
- 1 and 2 only
- 2, 3 and 4
- 1, 3 and 4
- 1, 2 and 3
1, 2 and 3
Parellada is a white grape variety grown in
- Spain
- Portugal
- Italy
- Greece
Spain
Cabernet Sauvignon with distinctive cassis, mint and eucalyptus:
- is typical for right bank Bordeaux
- is typical for left bank Bordeaux
- is typical for Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand
- is typical for Coonawarra, Australia
is typical for Coonawarra, Australia
Which of the following is NOT a fungal disease
- Botrytis cinerea
- Millerandange
- Powdery mildew
- Downy mildew
Millerandange
What is the minimum lees ageing requirement for Treviso Prosecco DOC?
- 0 months
- 3 months
- 6 months
- 12 months
0 months
Which one of the following statements is true?
- Alcohol is never addictive
- Drinking alcohol can significantly increases the risk of accidents when driving a car
- It is not harmful to regularly drink alcohol to excess
- It is not harmful to drink a large quantity of alcohol in a short space of time
Drinking alcohol can significantly increases the risk of accidents when driving a car
Which one of the following best describes a Pale Cream Sherry?
- Dessert wine made from the Moscatel grape variety
- Full-bodied, nutty, rich, bronze-coloured wine
- Dry, salty fortified wine
- Fino that has been sweetened with concentrated must
Fino that has been sweetened with concentrated must
The which Sub-region of Rioja is the hottest and driest?
- Rioja Baja
- Rioja Alavesa
- Rioja Alta
Rioja Baja
How long must Barbaresco DOCG be aged for in oak?
- 6 Months
- 9 Months
- 12 Months
- 24 Months
9 Months
2 years before release, with 9 months in oak
In which two countries is Albarino/Alvarinho most commonly grown?
- Spain and Chile
- Spain and Portugal
- Chile and Portugal
- Argentina and Chile
Spain and Portugal
Which one of the following grape varieties is known for production of powerful dry white wines in Hungary?
- Olasz Rizling
- Kadarka
- Furmint
- Kekfrankos
Furmint
Which one of the following best describes a wine made by carbonic maceration?
- Medium sweet, semi-sparkling
- Deep coloured, tannic, for long ageing
- Soft, fruity, early-maturing
- Light in alcohol, pale in colour
Soft, fruity, early-maturing
In the classic Bordeaux blend, Petit Verdot adds
1) Spice
2) softness
3) colour
4) tannin
- 3, 4 and 5
- 1 and 3
- 1, 3 and 4
- 2 and 5
1, 3 and 4
Barolo DOCG must be aged in total for a minimum of
- 3 years
- 4 years
- 5 years
- 6 years
3 years
of which 18 months must be in oak
Which region in Chile produces the most wine?
- Central Valley
- Napa Valley
- Sierra Foothills
- Southern California
Central Valley
Which of the following grape varieties is used to make Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AC?
- Gamay
- Malbec
- Cabernet Franc
- Pinot Noir
Cabernet Franc
Where are the vineyards of Lodi?
- Chile
- South Africa
- California
- New Zealand
California
In which Italian region is Dolcetto d’Alba DOC produced?
- Sicily
- Tuscany
- Veneto
- Piemonte
Piemonte
Torrontes is an important grape variety grown in
- Chile
- Argentina
- Australia
- South Africa
Argentina
Which one of the following grape varieties is the principal grape variety to be used in Soave DOC?
- Garganega
- Trebbiano
- Vernacchia
- Malvasia
Garganega
Which of the following, correctly used, will guarantee sterile wine for bottling?
- Earth filter
- Sheet filter
- Surface filter
- Centrifuge
Surface filter
In which country is the grape variety Greco important?
- Greece
- Austria
- Italy
- Hungary
Italy
Campania in Southern Italy
Which grape variety is used to make sparkling Vouvray?
- Pinot Blanc
- Melon Blanc
- Melon de Bourgogne
- Chenin Blanc
Chenin Blanc
Which one of the following is a Beaujolais Cru?
- Mercurey
- Montagny
- Moulin-au-Vent
- Minervois
Moulin-au-Vent
From which sub-region of the Loire does Savennières come from?
- Nantais
- Anjou-Saumur
- Touraine
- Central Vineyards
Anjou-Saumur
Where is Fitou AC?
- North Rhone
- South Rhone
- Languedoc-Roussillon
- Provence
Languedoc-Roussillon
Asti DOCG is in
- North-East Italy
- Central Italy
- Southern Italy
- North-West Italy
North-West Italy
Where is Saint-Joseph AC?
- Southern Rhone
- Northern Rhone
- Medoc
- Languedoc-Roussillon
Northern Rhone
In which wine producing district is Marl an important soil type
- Chalonnaise
- Cote de Nuits
- Maconnais
- Beaujolais
Cote de Nuits
Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched
- Pessac-Leognan and Chardonnay
- Fronsac and Merlot
- Pauillac and Syrah
- Sauternes and Chenin Blanc
Fronsac and Merlot
Where is the sugar found in a grape berry?
- The skin
- The pulp
- The pips
- The bloom
The pulp
Which one of the following is typically an inexpensive white wine?
- Pomerol AC
- Entre-Duex-Mers AC
- Saint-Estephe AC
- Margaux AC
Entre-Duex-Mers AC
The region of Abruzzo is known for producing wines from which grape varieties? 1 Montepulciano 2 Trebbiano 3 Aglianico 4 Primitivo
- 1 and 2 only
- 3 and 4 only
- 1, 2 & 3 only
- 1, 2, 3 & 4
1 and 2 only
What grape is used exclusively for a wine from Naoussa?
- Xinomavro
- Agiorgitiko
- Assyrtiko
- Mauzac
Xinomavro
What is the maximum permitted alcohol content for Muscadet?
- 13%
- 12%
- 13.5%
- 14%
12%
Which grape is not allowed in the blend of a Hermitage?
- Viognier
- Marsanne
- Roussanne
- All of these grape varieties are permitted.
Viognier
What is Passerillage?
- Wine fermented with straw to add a hay-like flavour
- When grapes are allowed to dry out on the vine to concentrate sugars for sweet wine
- Noble-rot affected sweet wines from Wachau
- A fresh, sparkling rosé wine
When grapes are allowed to dry out on the vine to concentrate sugars for sweet wine
What is New Zealand’s second most planted grape variety?
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Pinot Noir
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Wines labelled Barossa may also source their grapes from which other GI?
- Eden Valley
- Clare Valley
- Tasmania
- Adelaide Hills
Eden Valley
What is the most widely planted red grape in Austria?
- Blaufränkisch
- St. Laurent
- Zweigelt
- Grüner Veltliner
Zweigelt
What climate do the Central Vineyards in Loire Valley have?
- Warm Mediterranean
- Cool Continental
- Cool Maritime
- Warm Maritime
Cool Continental
When is Muscadet sur Lie bottled?
- Right after fermentation
- In the spring following the vintage
- After 2 years ageing in oak barrels
- After 5 years ageing in oak barrels
In the spring following the vintage
What grape variety is used for rose production in Navarra?
- Tempranillo
- Cinsault
- Pinot Noir
- Garnacha
Garnacha
What is the name of the current that travels up from Antarctica into Chile?
- Cape Doctor
- Benguela
- Humboldt
- Pacific
Humboldt
Which is the classification of Medoc not included in the 1855 Classification?
- Bordeaux Superieur
- Cru Bourgeois
- Grand Vin de Bordeaux
- All options are included
Cru Bourgeois
In what region of the Loire is Vouvray located?
- Anjou-Saumur
- Nantais
- Touraine
- Chablis
Touraine
In what region of Italy is the Teroldego grape widely grown?
- Veneto
- Friuli-Venezia Giulia
- Soave
- Trentino
Trentino
What is the name of the south-easterly summer winds in South Africa?
- Cape Doctor
- Beguela
- Humboldt
- Pacific
Cape Doctor
The local white variety found in Pinet is:
- Clairette
- Mauzac
- Picpoul
- Chenin Blanc
Picpoul
What region of Burgundy is the village of Gevrey-Chambertin located in?
- Cote de Nuits
- Cote de Beaune
- Cote Chalonnaise
- Chablis
Cote de Nuits
Which climate category best describes Bordeaux?
- Cool Continental
- Moderate Maritime
- Warm Mediterranean
- Warm Continental
Moderate Maritime
What style of wine is Lake Neusiedlersee noted for?
- Botrytis affected sweet wines
- Crisp and refreshing white wines
- Dry spicy red wines
- Traditional method sparkling wines
Botrytis affected sweet wines
What is the second most planted grape in Argentina?
- Malbec
- Bonarda
- Syrah
- Chardonnay
Bonarda
What is Argentina’s most southerly wine region?
- Salta
- Mendoza
- Patagonia
- San Juan
Patagonia
Which is the regional IGP that covers the entire Languedoc-Roussillon area?
- Cote de Gascogne
- Pays d’Oc
- Val de Loire
- Touraine
Pays d’Oc
What style of wine does the grape variety Monastrell produce?
- Concentrated, juicy reds with red fruit flavours and high acidity
- Dark, powerful and spicy wines with high tannins and alcohol
- Soft, light-bodied red wines with low tannin and low alcohol
- Full-bodied white wines with stone fruit and minerality
Dark, powerful and spicy wines with high tannins and alcohol
Which best describes an Alsatian Gewurztraminer?
- Dry, medium bodied with high acidity and a flinty mineral character
- Full bodied with oily texture, high alcohol and spicy aromas
- Dry with a classic grapey flavour
- Dry with intense stone fruit and vanilla character
Full bodied with oily texture, high alcohol and spicy aromas
How many grape varieties can be used to make Chateauneuf-du-Pape?
- 4
- 13
- 27
- 9
13
What is the climate of Central Otago in New Zealand?
- Continental
- Maritime
- Mediterranean
- Coastal
Continental
Which of the following is a white grape variety grown widely in Germany?
- Dornfelder
- Muller-Thurgau
- Spatburgunder
- Blaufrankisch
Muller-Thurgau
Which of these Loire wines contains Cabernet Franc:
- Coteaux du Layon
- Saumur-Champigny
- Savennieres
- Muscadet
Saumur-Champigny
What region in Germany is the village of Piesport located in?
- Rheingau
- Mosel
- Pflaz
- Burgenland
Mosel
Which Northern Rhone appellation must be 100% Syrah?
- Condrieu
- Cornas
- Cote-Rotie
- Hermitage
Cornas
Madiran wines are based on:
- Malbec
- Tannat
- Ugni Blanc
- Chenin Blanc
Tannat
What is the name of the wind that can damage vines in the Rhone?
- Levante
- Mistral
- Tramontane
- The Cape Doctor
Mistral
How long must a Barbaresco DOCG be aged for?
- 1 year
- 2 years
- 3 years
- 5 years
2 years
Where is Chateau Grillet located?
- Northern Rhone
- Southern Rhone
- Right Bank Bordeaux
- Left Bank Bordeaux
Northern Rhone
What is Champagne’s climate?
- Cool continental
- Cool Maritime
- Warm continental
- Cool Mediterranean
Cool continental
What grape is grown in the Bierzo region of Spain?
- Tempranillo
- Mencia
- Monastrell
- Malbec
Mencia
Which two of the following Beaujolais Crus are the most structured?
- Chiroubles and Fleurie
- Morgon and Moulin-a-Vent
- Brouilly and Saint-Amour
- Fleurie and Brouilly
Morgon and Moulin-a-Vent
Monbazillac wines are most similar to:
- Barsac
- Pauillac
- Pessac-Leognan
- Vouvray Sparkling wine
Barsac
In which of these New Zealand regions is the Gimblett Gravels situated?
- Auckland
- Martinborough
- Hawke’s Bay
- Marlborough
Hawke’s Bay
What state in the U.S. is the Willamette Valley AVA located?
- New York
- California
- Washington
- Oregon
Oregon
Sweet wines from Santorini are called:
- Ausbruch
- Puttony
- Vinsanto
- Szamorodni
Vinsanto
What black grape variety is Abruzzo famous for?
- Merlot
- Sangiovese
- Montepulciano
- Cabernet Sauvignon
Montepulciano
How are sweet Recioto wines produced?
- Wine fermented dry and sweetened later
- Fermentation is stopped with fortification
- Dried grapes are used and fermentation stops naturally due to high sugar levels in the grapes
- Frozen grapes are used fermentation stops naturally due to high sugar levels in the must
Dried grapes are used and fermentation stops naturally due to high sugar levels in the grapes
What climate does Tasmania have?
- Cool continental
- Warm Mediterranean
- Cool Maritime
- Cool Mediterranean
Cool Maritime
What are the fruit characteristics of a wine from Fiano di Avellino DOCG?
- Lychee, tropical and banana
- Stone fruits, melon and mango
- Green apple with lemon zest
- Red cherry and black pepper
Stone fruits, melon and mango
What grape variety is most well known in the Finger Lakes AVA?
- Merlot
- Riesling
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Pinot Gris
Riesling
Which is the only red grape permitted in Alsace?
- Gamay
- Merlot
- Pinot Noir
- Cabernet Franc
Pinot Noir
The appellations of Blaye, Cadillac, Castillon, and Francs can put their names in front of:
- Cotes de Gascogne
- Cotes de Bordeaux
- Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux
- Anjou d’Loire
Cotes de Bordeaux
What is the minimum ageing required on the lees for a non-vintage Champagne?
- 12 months
- 18 months
- 24 months
- 36 months
12 months
Premium, aged, dry white Bordeaux can develop flavours of:
- Honey and toast
- Petrol and grass
- Vanilla and lychee
- Plum and spice
Honey and toast
Which method best describes the production of Asti?
- Traditional method, with minimal ageing to keep costs down
- Traditional method with long cellar ageing for autolytic complexity
- Tank method with minimal ageing to maximise fruitiness
- Tank method with long ageing for small bubbles
Tank method with minimal ageing to maximise fruitiness
In general, old vines are known for producing:
- lower yields, higher quality
- average yields and low quality
- low yields, they are prone to many diseases
- high yields, average qualities
lower yields, higher quality
Which one of the following is paired correctly?
- Merlot and Crozes-Hermitage
- Syrah and Gevrey-Chambertin
- Cabernet Sauvignon and Pessac-Léognan
- Riesling and Vouvray
Cabernet Sauvignon and Pessac-Léognan
Which of the following is a dry white wine from Burgundy?
- Coteaux du Layon
- Gevrey-Chambertin
- Vouvray
- Meursault
Meursault
Compared to Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir produces wines that are typically:
- Deeper is colour; lower in tannin
- Lighter in colour; lower in tannin
- Deeper in colour; higher in tannin
- Lighter in colour; higher in tannin
Lighter in colour; lower in tannin
Which one of the following words on a wine label indicates that the wine will be slightly sweet?
- Mousseaux
- Moelleux
- Millesime
- Monopole
Moelleux
Which of the following terms indicates that a Spanish wine is Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)?
- Denominacion de Origen Calificada
- Vinho Regional
- DOCG
- IGT
Denominacion de Origen Calificada
Which of the following is a flavour characteristic associated with oak ageing?
- Vanilla
- Red fruits
- Butter
- Cassis
Vanilla
Which of the following sets of characteristics best describes a mature wine from Barolo?
- Citrus fruit and oak aromas, dry with light body
- Red fruit and vegetal aromas, high levels of tannin and acidity
- Tropical fruit aromas, dry with light body
- Black fruit and oak aromas, light body and low tannins
Red fruit and vegetal aromas, high levels of tannin and acidity
Compared with the tank method, bottle-fermented sparkling wines typically have:
- a shorter maturation period
- more fresh fruit flavours and refreshing acidity
- bigger bubbles
- complex bready, biscuity flavours
complex bready, biscuity flavours
Which of the following are Italian grape varieties? 1 Orvieto 2 Trebbiano 3 Sangiovese 4 Frascati 5 Soave 6 Verdicchio
- 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
- 1, 2 and 5 only
- 2, 3 and 6 only
- 3, 5 and 6 only
2, 3 and 6 only
In which of the following appellations is Cabernet Sauvignon the dominant grape variety?
- St-Emilion
- Pauillac
- Pomerol
- Morgon
Pauillac
What wine is most accurately described by the following tasting note: Pale lemon colour; green fruit and smoky mineral aromas; dry with high acidity.
- Chablis AC
- Oaked Hunter Valley Chardonnay
- Chianti Classico DOC
- Cote-Rotie AC
Chablis AC
Which of the following is the main grape variety used in Chianti?
- Pinot Noir
- Syrah
- Tempranillo
- Sangiovese
Sangiovese
Where are the AC regions of Pomerol and Saint-Emilion?
- Loire
- Burgundy
- Northern Rhone
- Bordeaux
Bordeaux
Which of the following varieties is typically used for dry, unoaked white wines with intense herbaceous flavours and high acidity?
- Chenin Blanc
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Chardonnay
- Pinot Grigio
Sauvignon Blanc
Which of the following varieties is used for making full-bodied reds in Puglia?
- Nebbiolo
- Tempranillo
- Primitivo
- Gamay
Primitivo
What grape variety is used to make Gevrey-Chambertin?
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Pinot Noir
- Chardonnay
- Gamay
Pinot Noir
Which of the following regions produces inexpensive wines from Cabernet Sauvignon?
- South Eastern Australia
- Chianti
- Pauillac
- Chablis
South Eastern Australia
Which of the following pairs of countries are major producers of sweet wines made from frozen grapes?
- Argentina and Portugal
- Canada and Austria
- Italy and Chile
- Spain and Australia
Canada and Austria
The main problem caused by birds in the vineyard prior to harvest is that they:
- spread disease
- eat the grapes
- eat the leaves
- attack the vine roots
eat the grapes
‘Mouth feel’ is another word for:
- the acidity in wine
- the sweetness of the wine
- the tannins in wine
- body in the wine
body in the wine
Which one of the following pairs must be made by the traditional method?
- Cava & Prosecco
- Asti & Prosecco
- Crémant & Asti
- Cava & Crémant
Cava & Crémant
What term is used to describe a Muscadet that is aged on its sediment prior to bottling?
- Sèvre-et-Maine
- Appellation Controlée
- Sur Lie
- Premier Cru
Sur Lie
Which of the following is true?
- Hail helps protect grapes from fungal attacks.
- Too much heat can stop the vine producing sugars.
- Fertile soils give the highest quality grapes for winemaking
- Irrigation is used widely for quality wine production in Europe.
Too much heat can stop the vine producing sugars.
Which grape variety is often used for rose wines in Spain and Southern France?
- Grenache
- Gamay
- Pinot Noir
- Chardonnay
Grenache
Which one of the following soil properties is most important for growing good quality grapes?
- High nutrient content
- Good natural drainage
- Good water retention
- Deep topsoil
Good natural drainage
Which of the following is NOT made from Sauvignon Blanc?
- Fume Blanc
- Pouilly - Fume
- Pouilly - Fuisse
- Sancerre
Pouilly - Fuisse
What method is used to make Muscat de Beaumes de Venise sweet?
- Picking the grapes when frozen
- Interrupting the fermentation by fortification with grape alcohol
- Using Noble Rot (botrytis) to help shrivel the grapes on the vine
- Adding sugar before bottling
Interrupting the fermentation by fortification with grape alcohol
Which of the following spends the least time in contact with the lees in maturation?
- Non – vintage Champagne
- Deutscher Sekt
- Muscadet de Sevre et Maine
- Cava
Muscadet de Sevre et Maine
Gyropalettes are used in the production of:
- Champagne
- Port
- Sherry
- Vin Doux Naturel
Champagne
In which region do you find Barberesco and Barbera?
- Nebbiolo
- Veneto
- Piemonte
- Tuscany
Piemonte
Which one of the following may be caused by cork taint? 1 Reduction in fruit aromas. 2 A smell of damp cardboard. 3 A dull, brown colour. 4 A hazy appearance.
- 1 and 2 only.
- 1, 2 and 3 only.
- 3 and 4 only.
- 1, 2, 3 and 4.
1 and 2 only.
What does LBV stand for?
- Lees bottled vintage
- Late bottled vintage
- Low bush viticulture
- Late botrytis vines
Late bottled vintage
Which of the following pairs of regions are famous for premium wines made from Syrah/Shiraz?
- Burgundy and Sancerre
- Orvieto and Marlborough
- Hermitage AOC and Barossa Valley
- Pomerol AOC and Saint-Emilion AOC
Hermitage AOC and Barossa Valley
Which one of the following grape varieties is particularly susceptible to noble rot and is used to make sweet wines in the Loire valley?
- Aligote
- Chenin Blanc
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Chardonnay
Chenin Blanc
What is the correct sequence in order of least to greatest levels of quality?
- Bourgogne AC, Bourgogne Village, Premier Cru, Grand Cru
- Grand Cru, Bourgogne Village, Premier Cru, Bourgogne AC
- Bourgogne Village, Premier Cru, Grand Cru, Bourgogne AC
- Grand Cru, Premier Cru, Bourgogne Village, Bourgogne AC
Bourgogne AC, Bourgogne Village, Premier Cru, Grand Cru
Which of the following sweet wines are NOT made by concentrating grape sugars?
- Vins doux Naturals
- Icewine
- Sauternes
- Botrytis Semillon
Vins doux Naturals
Clare Valley and Eden Valley are famous Riesling regions in:
- South Africa
- California
- New Zealand
- Australia
Australia
Muscat is often used to produce sweet wines in? 1 Beaumes de Venise 2 Mosel 3 Sauternes 4 Rutherglen
- 1 only
- 2 and 3
- 3 and 4
- 1 and 4
1 and 4
What style of wine is Brunello di Montalcino?
- Inexpensive and fruity red.
- Sweet, alcoholic red with low tannins.
- Complex, floral white with low alcohol.
- Full bodied red with good ageing potential.
Full bodied red with good ageing potential.
Amontillado is a:
- Sherry
- Cognac
- Port
- Madeira
Sherry
Gyropalettes are used in the production of:
- Champagne
- Port
- Sherry
- Vin Doux Naturel
Champagne
The words ‘Sur Lie’ on a bottle of wine indicate that:
- it has been made without synthetic pesticides or herbicides
- it has been aged in oak
- it is a sweet wine
- it has been bottled directly off the dead yeast
it has been bottled directly off the dead yeast
Wines made from Aglianico are:
- Dry and light bodied whites.
- Full bodied and high acid whites.
- Full bodied and high tannin reds.
- Light bodied and fruity reds.
Full bodied and high tannin reds.
What is an advantage of second fermentation in bottle for sparkling wine?
- They are the cheapest to make.
- You can bottle them sooner than tank fermented wines.
- The second fermentation gives the wine sweetness.
- The wine gains complex aromas and flavours.
The wine gains complex aromas and flavours.
A port you try is brownish-red in colour and has flavours of walnut, coffee and caramel. What type of Port is it most likely to be?
- Ruby
- LBV
- Tawny
- Vintage
Tawny
American oak when compared to French oak:
- is generally more expensive with more subtle aromas
- is generally more expensive with more intense aromas
- is generally less expensive with aromas of coconut and vanilla
- is generally less expensive with very little aromatic compounds
is generally less expensive with aromas of coconut and vanilla
Vines with lots of large bunches of big grapes are most suitable for:
- intensely-flavoured, complex dry wines
- inexpensive, simple dry wines
- long-lived sweet wines
- branded wines
inexpensive, simple dry wines
The grapes used to make Cave can come from:
- anywhere in Spain
- Penedes only
- From a number of delimited regions throughout Spain
- Catalunya only
From a number of delimited regions throughout Spain
What is Rufina an example of?
- Barolo
- Brunello
- Chianti
- Amarone della Valpolicella
Chianti
Chianti Rufina DOCG Sub-zone
What is the name of the microscopic worms that attack the roots of the vine?
- Phylloxera
- Nematodes
- Sharpshooter
- Millerandange
Nematodes
In a warm climate the average growing season temperature is
- 16.5℃ or below
- 16.5℃ to 18.5℃
- 18.5℃ to 21℃
- In excess of 21℃
18.5℃ to 21℃
Which of the following is not located in South Australia
- Heathcote
- Adelaide Hills
- Coonawarra
- Eden Valley
Heathcote
What is the principle grape variety of Santorini PDO?
- Assyrtiko
- Xinomavro
- Agiorgitiko
- Sarga Muskotaly
Assyrtiko
- Xinomavro Macedonia - Naoussa
- Agiorgitiko P Peninsula - Nemea
Which dry wine from the Tokaj region develop a flor-like yeast similar to that in Fino Sherry?
- Tokaji Aszu
- Tokaji Dry Furmint
- Tokaji Szamorodni
- Tokaji Eszencia
Tokaji Szamorodni
At what temperature would you serve a DO Cava?
- Lightly chilled 10-13℃
- Well chilled 6-10℃
- Room temperature 15-18℃
- Room temperature 18-21℃
Well chilled 6-10℃
Which of the following is NOT a preferred Port variety?
- Touriga Franca
- Tinta Roriz
- Torrontes
- Touriga Ncional
Torrontes
The Humboldt current affects which wine producing country?
- Argentina
- South Australia
- Chile
- South Africa
Chile
South Australia Southern Ocean
South Africa Benguela Current, Cape Doctor
Where is the area of Gimblett Gravels located?
- Hunter Valley
- Mornington Peninsula
- Auckland
- Hawke’s Bay
Hawke’s Bay
Which of the following is not a correct method appropriately storing wine
- Keeping the wine away from vibrations
- Storing a wine in a warm and constant environment 20-25℃
- Keeping the wine away from strong light
- Keeping a cork-closed wine on its side
Storing a wine in a warm and constant environment 20-25℃
10-15℃
Umami in food can
- decrease fruitiness
- increase fruitiness
- decrease bitterness
- decrease warming effect of the alcohol
decrease fruitiness
The best Sekt wines are made from which grape variety?
- Muller-Thurgau
- Weissburgunder
- Grauburgunder
- Riesling
Riesling
In Sherry, wines for biological ageing are typically fortified up to
- 13% abv
- 15% abv
- 17% abv
- 20% abv
15% abv
Which of the following does not lie along the Douro River?
- Douro Valley
- Toro
- Rueda
- Rioja
Rioja
Which one of the following Champagne styles is driest?
- Sev
- Brut
- Extra Sec
- Demi-Sec
Brut
- Sev 17-32g/l
- Brut 6-12g/l
- Extra Sec 12-17g/l
- Demi-Sec 32-50g/l
Which one of the following is a Jerez soil type?
- Airen
- Aligoto
- Albariza
- Anada
Albariza
What does the term ‘recioto’ mean on a bottle of Italian wine?
- the wine has been made from semi-dried grapes
- the wine has been fortified
- the wine has been chaptalised
- the grapes were affected by noble rot when picked
the wine has been made from semi-dried grapes
Where is the wine producing district of Constantia?
- Chile
- Australia
- New Zealand
- South Africa
South Africa
Grapes from vines planted in terraces known as patamares are used to produce
- Sherry
- Rioja
- Vinho Verde
- Port
Port
Where would you find the term Grand Cru?
- Burgundy
- Bordeaux
- Alsace
- All of the above
All of the above
Which soil type predominates in the steeply slope vineyard sites of the Mosel?
- Chalk
- Clay
- Slate
- Granite
Slate
Where do we find the Willamette Valley?
- California
- Washington state
- Western Australia
- Oregon
Oregon
Which of the following is NOT an effective way of combatting spring frost?
- Spraying with the Bordeaux mixture
- Wind machines
- Spraying with water
- Heaters
Spraying with the Bordeaux mixture
Once the fruit has been crushed and leaving the grapes to macerate at low temperatures before fermentation is called?
- cold settling
- cold soaking
- pumping over
- punching down
cold soaking
Which of the following Champagne sub-region does Meunier dominate
- Cote des Bar
- Cote des Blancs
- Cote de Sezanne
- Vallee de la Marne
Vallee de la Marne
Cote des Bar Pinot Noir
Cote des Blancs Chardonnay
Cote de Sezanne Chardonnay
Vallee de la Marne Meunier
Which of the following is NOT found in the Mosel?
- Nierstein
- Wehlen
- Piesport
- Bernkastel
Nierstein
in Rheinhessen
Which of following is NOT considered an aromatic grape variety?
- Gewurztraminer
- Riesling
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Pinot Gris
Pinot Gris
Which one of the following is NOT an AOC in the South of France?
- Fitou
- Lirac
- Corbieres
- Minervois
Lirac
The soil Albariza is
- high in iron with poor drainage
- high in clay with poor drainage
- high in chalk with good drainage
- high in sand with good drainage
high in chalk with good drainage
Foods with a high amount of umami can make a wine seem
- less aciditc
- sweeter
- more bitter
- more fruity
more bitter
What is the principle black grape variety of DO Bierzo?
- Tempranillo
- Mazuelo
- Monastrell
- Mencia
Mencia
Which Australian wine area is NOT well known for producing Pinot Noir?
- Mornington Peninsula
- Clare Valley
- Yarra Valley
- Tasmania
Clare Valley
How many Grand Cru villages are found in Champagne?
- 7
- 14
- 17
- 44
17
Which of the following wines are mostly produced via the traditional method for sparkling wine?
- Vouvray
- Sekt
- Cava
- Saumur
- Asti
- 1 and 3 only
- 2 and 5 only
- 1,3 and 4 only
- 1,2,3 and 4 only
1,3 and 4 only
Which of the following is a synonym (alternative name) for Tempranillo in Portugal?
- Touriga Nacional
- Jaen
- Aragones
- Baga
Aragones
Tinta Roriz
In climate terms which weather pattern can cause drought to occur in Chile?
- La Nina
- El Nino
- Parral
- Humboldt
La Nina
When a wine exhibits pear drop aromas it can be due to
- cool fermentations
- autolysis
- malolactic fermentation
- oxidation
cool fermentations
Which of the following is not a preferred grape variety for Port production?
- Tempranillo
- Tinta Cao
- Touriga Franca
- Trincadeira
Trincadeira
Tempranillo=Tinta Roriz
Which one of the following is closest in style to Pouilly-Fume?
- Anjou Blanc
- Vouvray
- Menetou-Salon
- Savennieres
Menetou-Salon
Anjou Blanc Chenin Blanc
Vouvray Chenin Blanc
Savennieres Chenin Blanc
Primitivo is the dominant black grape variety in
- Puglia
- Sicily
- Basilicata
- Campania
Puglia
The Yakima Valley is in
- California
- New York State
- Oregon
- Washington State
Washington State
Which of the following winemaking techniques is typically used for Torrontes?
- Malolactic fermentation
- Warm fermentation in barrels
- Cool fermentation in inert vessels
- Maturation in new oak barrels
Cool fermentation in inert vessels
Which wine fault typically displays aromas of boiled cabbage and rotten eggs?
- Oxidation
- Volatile acids
- TCA
- Reduction
Reduction
Which of the following techniques can add flavour and texture to a white wine?
- Fine lees contact
- Skin contact
- Malolactic Fermentation
- Semi-carbonic maceration
- 1 and 3 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 1,3 and 4 only
- 1,2 and 3 only
1,2 and 3 only
Crystal deposits in a white wine are
- sulfur
- yeast
- sugar
- tartrates
tartrates
Which of the following is NOT a sub-region in Champagne?
- Cote de Sezanne
- Cote Chalonnaise
- Cote des Blancs
- Vallee de la Marne
Cote Chalonnaise
Which following area is well known for Tannat?
- Jurancon
- Madiran
- Cahors
- Bordeaux
Madiran
Jurancon Petit Manseng
Cahors Malbec
Bordeaux CS. M, CF
Which of the following is Coonawarra in Australia well-known for?
- Terra rossa soils
- Hot climate
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Riesling
- 1 and 3 only
- 1 and 2 only
- 2 and 4 only
- 1, 2 and 3 only
1 and 3 only
Which AVA in California is well-known to have some of the oldest Zinfandel vineyards in the state
- Santa Barbara
- Los Carneros
- Anderson Valley
- Lodi
Lodi
Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
- Rheingau and Forst
- Nahe and Rudesheim
- Rheinhessen and Schlossbockelheim
- Mosel and Wehlen
Mosel and Wehlen
What is the most cultivated black grape variety in Austria?
- Zweigelt
- Pinot Noir
- St Laurent
- Blaufrankisch
Zweigelt
What does the term ‘Blanc de Blancs’ indicate on a label?
- A white sparkling made only from Chardonnay
- A white sparkling made only from white grapes
- A white sparkling made only from black grapes
- It has no relevant indication
A white sparkling made only from white grapes
Which of the following Sherries is a naturally sweet style?
- Fino
- Amontillado
- Oloroso
- Muscat
Muscat
Fino Pale Cream
Amontillado Medium
Oloroso Cream
A port described as being aged for a minimum six years in wood is a
- Ruby
- Tawny
- Reserve Tawny
- LBV
Reserve Tawny
Ruby 1-3
Tawny 1-3
Reserve Tawny 6+
LBV 4-6
What is the name given to the liquid added to Champagne to initiate the second fermentation?
- Liqueur de passillerage
- Liqueur de tirage
- Liqueur de petillance
- Liqueur d’expedition
Liqueur de tirage
If grapes pollinate unsuccessfully by forming small seedless grapes this is known as
- Coulure
- Millerangade
- Veraison
- Inflorescences
Millerangade
Coulure shedding of the blossom
Veraison colour-change
Inflorescences flowers
The temperature difference between the coldest and the hottest months is referred to as
- diurnal
- continentality
- seasonal shift
- veraison
continentality
Which of the following are considered positive methods for storing wine
- Keep wine away from strong light
- Keep wine away from vibrations
- Warm and constant temperatures
- Corked-closed wines stored on their side
- 1 and 2 only
- 1, 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 4 only
- 1, 2, 3 and 4
1, 2 and 4 only
Durbanville in South Africa has a reputation for
- Pinotage
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Pinot Noir
- Sauvignon Blanc
Sauvignon Blanc
At what temperature should you serve an Eiswein?
- lightly chilled 10-13℃
- chilled 7-10℃
- well chilled 6-8℃
- room temperature 15-18℃
well chilled 6-8℃
What is Coulure?
- A type of hybrid
- Colour change of the berries
- A fungal disease
- Non-pollination of the flowers
Non-pollination of the flowers
Which of the following is an important village in the Cotes de Beaune?
- Volnay
- Nuits-St-Georges
- Vosne-Romanee
- Gevrey-Chambertin
Volnay
Syrah is used to produce which of the following AOCs?
- Saint-Julien
- Saint-Estephe
- Saint-Veran
- Saint-Joseph
Saint-Joseph
Saint-Julien CS M
Saint-Estephe CS M
Saint-Veran Chardonnay
How many crus are there in Beaujolais?
- 4
- 10
- 21
- 31
10
Which grape variety is known for its pungent aromatic spice nose, reminiscent of lychees and rose?
- Albarino
- Gewurztraminer
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Riesling
Gewurztraminer
Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
- Bourgueil and Cabernet Franc
- Menetou-Salon and Chardonnay
- Savennieres and Chenin Blanc
- Touraine and Sauvignon Blanc
Menetou-Salon and Chardonnay
Which of the following are Sherries that are biologically aged only:
- Fino
- Manzanilla
- Cream
- Pale Cream
- 1 and 2 only
- 1, 2 and 3 only
- 1, 2 and 4 only
- 1, 2, 3 and 4
1, 2 and 4 only
Which is correct regarding Tokaji Eszencia?
- It must be a minimum of 10% alcohol
- It must be a minimum of 450g/l of sugar
- It is dry and develops a flor-like yeast like fino sherry
- It must only be made from high quality Harslevelu
It must be a minimum of 450g/l of sugar
What is the correct name for the Valpolicella made as a sweet wine?
- Recioto della Valpolivella
- Valpolicella Ripasso
- Amarone della Valpolicella
- Riserva della Valpolicella
Recioto della Valpolivella
What two grape varieties are considered the core of Priorat DOCa?
- Granache and Monastrell
- Carinena and Syrah
- Monastrell and Cabernet Sauvignon
- Mazuelo and Garnacha
Mazuelo Garnacha
Mazuelo=Carinena
In which country does the VQA (Vintner’s Quality Alliance) operate?
- USA
- South Africa
- Canada
- New Zealand
Canada
What is the Margaret River’s climate?
- Cool maritime
- Moderate maritime
- Warm maritime
- Warm Mediterranean
Warm maritime
In New Zealand, what is the region of Gisborne well-known for?
- Chardonnay
- Sauvignon-Blanc
- Syrah
- Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Which parts of Bordeaux were officially classified in 1855?
- Saint-Emilion Grand Cru
- The Medoc
- Graves
- Sauternes
- 1 and 2 only
- 1, 2 and 3 only
- 2 and 4 only
- 2, 3 and 4 only
2 and 4 only
What is true about Entre-Deux-Mers AOC?
- It can only produce sweet wine
- It can produce both red and white wine
- It can only produce red wine
- It can only produce white wine
It can only produce white wine
Which Muscat variety makes the best Muscat wines in Alsace?
- Muscat of Alexandria
- Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains
- Muscat Ottonel
- Muscat is not permitted in Alsace.
Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains
