_Flashcards UTF-8B

Question

For ductile materials, is the ultimate tensile strength the highest stress the material will carry?

Answer 1

No. On the tensile test machine, it is the highest force the material will carry, but in general the actual stress continues to increase until failure due necking reducing cross-sectional area.

Answer 2

737-100 and 737-200 which were propelled by turbojet JT-8D engines.

Answer 3

Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania (from Russia), Poland (from USSR, Germany and Austria Hungarian Empire), Czechoslovakia (from Germany and Austria/Hungary), Austria, Hungary and Yugoslavia (from Austria/Hungary, Serbia and Montenegro).

Answer 4

Simon Bolivar over battles between 1807 and 1830 initiating in his home country of Venezuela. Initially during the time Spain was distracted with the Peninsular wars (battle with Napoleon for the Iberian Peninsula).. One of the few people to have a country named for him.

Answer 5

India, Pakistan, Bangladesh (Eastern Pakistan), Myanmar (Burma), Nepal, Bhutan, Ceylon

Answer 6

Corporate bonds investors can exchange for stock at specified times and exchange rates.

Answer 7

Document presumably written by Emporer Constantine in the 4th century giving power in the west to the popes in perpetuity. Proven to be a forgery from the 8th century. Led to the east-west schism in the church. From book Homo Deus.

Answer 8

Provide other sources of starch. Adjuncts should be gelatinized to render the starches vulnerable to enzyme degradation into simple sugars. Corn, rice, oats, rye, barley or wheat (and the pre-gelatinized flakes therof) are examples.

Answer 9

Pangea was torn apart, causing huge volcanoes and disruptions worldwide.

Answer 10

Velocity Dive (must be .07 greater than Mmo, unless special circumstances warrant going as low as .05 over Mmo)

Answer 11

Clemson Tigers beat Alabama Crimson Tide 44-16. Biggest loss by Alabama since 1998 and Tigers became the only undefeated 15 games in a season since 1897.

Answer 12

50X weight of batteries vs liquid fuel. Recent improvements have gotten this to 40X. Electric batteries are good for bursts of power (takeoff of UAV, accel of car), liquid fuel better for range.

Answer 13

The US has passed Russia and the Saudis. Innovations in drilling have opened up huge swaths of resources in shale oilfields in Texas, North Dakota and other places. Thanks to shale, the US has doubled its oil production over the past decade. We will be the largest exporter by the end of 2019.

Answer 14

1054, called the East-West Schism, the Great schism or Schism of 1054. Largely due to Rome's claims of Papal primacy.

Answer 15

Base Malts, Specialty malts, Caramelized malts and roasted malts. Adjuncts are a 5th classification that provide other sources of starch.

Answer 16

A qualified plan meets the qualifications of the 1974 Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and includes 401Ks, profit sharing plans, 403(b) and Keogh plans. Non-qualified includes deferred compensation, split dollar life insurance and executive bonus plans.

Answer 17

A measure of turbine loading, indicating the number of blades required (similar to the compressor diffusion coefficient). Calculated as integral of pressure differential across the airfoil divided by the exit dynamic pressure. Typical values .8<1.0, although current trend is to push higher towards 1.3.

Answer 18

Humans by a factor of 100. 7 Billion people have a biomass of about 750 billion lbs.

Answer 19

Upheld "separate but equal" segregation laws in states, 1896 (7-1 decision).

Answer 20

U238 remaining after enrichment has removed the highly radioactive U235.

Answer 21

761 mph at sea level, 660 mph at 36K feet. Constant up to stratosphere at 70K. True airspeed at constant Mach changes about 1% per 3400 feet, calibrated airspeed changes much more 36% because of pitot tube effects.

Answer 22

Engine Failure Speed. Speed at which the crit. engine is assumed to fail during TO.

Answer 23

More than 75% (of 105% of naturally occuring and synthesized elements). Metals are generally shiny, highly conducting solids that form alloys with one another and salt-like ionic compounds with nonmetals (other than noble gases).

Answer 24

Silent Generation (1928-1945), Baby Boomers (1946-1964), Generation X (1965-1980), Millennials (1981-1996), Post-Millennials (1997-Present)

Answer 25

Kilned at higher temps than base malts, are darker and sweeter with some diatatic power still left. Vienna, Munich, Victory, Biscuit and peated malt are examples. Also unmalted wheat is a specialty malt.

Answer 26

A coulomb a unit of electrical charge equal to the negative of the charge made by 6.242x10^18 electrons. 1 coulomb of electrons per second is 1 amp.

Answer 27

During Jurassic (200-150 MYA), the oceans teemed with algae and plankton. Algae that dies and sinks in shallow seas is covered by silt from giant rivers which keeps oxygen from causing rotting. After moving deep underground where temps of 150F and pressure turns the algae into oil in a few million years. If the temp rises to 200F, the result bill be natural gas. Several hundred kilograms of algae is needed to make a liter of oil.

Answer 28

7.5% (300,000 per year)

Answer 29

As a star ages and cools, it turns red and could be a red giant (1000x our sun) or red dwarf (1/10 our sun). Once it cools to the point of only it's glowing surface (no fire in it's core), it is a white dwarf. White dwarfs may be the size of the earth with the mass of the sun(a teaspoon of material would weigh a ton).

Answer 30

The entire U.S. constitution applies to each incorporated territory, including its local government and all of its inhabitants, in the same manner as it applies to the local governments and residents of a state. Incorporated territories are considered an integral part of the U.S., not mere possessions.

Answer 31

Battle of Midway June 1942, Allies invade Siciliy July 1942; Sept 1943 Italy surrenders; June 1944 D-day at Normandy; December 16, 1944 Battle of the Bulge seals Germany's fate; February 1945 Iwo Jima; April 1945 Roosevelt dies and succeeded by Truman; April 30 1945 Hitler commits suicide Germany surrenders May 7; August 1945 Hiroshima/Nagasaki; September 2, 1945 Japan Surrenders.

Answer 32

Part 25 recent regulation. Like App C, except large supercooled droplets increase to 20 to 450 micron with 50-70 the worst. Freezing drizzle and rain.

Answer 33

Led the 49ers to the SuperBowl in 2012 and NFC championships in 2012. But from 2014-2016 he won only 11 or 35 starts due to injuries. Went free agent after the 2016 season and wasn't hired.

Answer 34

1900 - rumored to have up to 200 mile per hour winds.

Answer 35

Flowed is the past tense and past participle of "to flow", flown is the past particple of "to fly".

Answer 36

100,000 - could fit in a modern sports stadium. He initiated blitzkrieg warfare with fast horseman who brought 5 or 6 extra ponies - could travel 600 miles in 9 days.

Answer 37

A document which put restrictions on the monarchy, that King John was forced to sign by his barons after a rebellion in 1215. He later tried reneging, but another revolt ensued and his successor signed it. Forms the basis for democracy in Britain.

Answer 38

¾ of all atoms in the universe are hydrogen, virtually all the rest are helium. Between the two 98% of the material in the universe.

Answer 39

A report from Great Ormond St. Hospital in London alleged 36 children suffered neurological conditions following dipahtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine. Caused UK vaccinations rates to decrease 81% to 31% and suspension of vaccine in Sweden 1979 to 1996. 60% of Swedish children contracted whooping cough during that time.

Answer 40

Latest theory is it is a place where good intestinal bacteria can hang out. Following a bout of diarrhea that wipes out intestinal bacteria, bacteria from the appendix can repopulate before harmful bacteria can take over. Modern sanitation may have reduced the need for an appendix. Lack of germs may make the immune system overreact and attack the good bacteria in the appendix, making appendicitis.

Answer 41

JQA - a fierce abolitionist, was battled during his whole presidency by Andrew Jackson and other pro-slavery southerners. His presidency (6th US president) was ineffective and one term - replaced by his foe Jackson.

Answer 42

Chief Justice John Roberts (2005-Bush) and Justices Clarence Thomas (1991-Bush)), Stephen Breyer (1994-Clinton)- C, Samuel Alito(Bush-2006), Sonia Sotomayor (2009-Obama), Elena Kagan (2010-Obama), Neil Gorush (2017-Trump, after Obama candidate rejected) and Brett Kavanaugh (2018-Trump); Amy Coney Barrett (2020-Trump)

Answer 43

1. The Admiral Kutnetsov. It had a crane fall on it during overhaul and may be irreparably damaged (Jan 2019). Notably, China launched it's first carrier in Dec 2019.

Answer 44

Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine, Thymine. In RNA, Thymine is replaced by Uracil. DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose, while RNA contains the sugar ribose (ribose has one more -OH group than deoxyribose.

Answer 45

Weapons grade is >85% U235. Typical nuclear power generation requires .7% (unenriched) to 3% U235.

Answer 46

Red meat contains more of the protein myoglobin (white meet .005%, dark meat, pork and veal .2%, beef 1.0%). All mammals are considered dark meat. White meat includes poultry breasts and fish. Dark meat is pretty much red meat…

Answer 47

George W Bush (~2009)

Answer 48

Puerto Rico, US Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa and the Northern Mariana Islands

Answer 49

It excludes automatic citizenship the children of foreign diplomats or hostile invaders, who are not subject to U.S. legal authority due to their diplomatic and combatant immunity (a liberal view). It excludes illegal immigrants since they are defying the laws of the US (conservative view).

Answer 50

President cannot use executive privilege to withhold evidence from criminal trial, 1974 (8-0 decision).

Answer 51

O3 instead of O2.

Answer 52

Vatican (0.17), Monaco (0.78), Nauru (8.1), Tuvalu (10), San Marino (24), Liechtenstein (62)

Answer 53

Conservative and unimaginative Union General willing to throw men into hopeless situations

Answer 54

Recognizing the other person's feeling and verbalize them back to them "It looks like you don't want to go back to jail".

Answer 55

Mass, momentum, and energy of a fluid and include the effect of viscosity. . Named after two independent researchers in France and in England. These equations establish that changes in momentum (acceleration) of fluid particles are simply the product of changes in pressure and dissipative viscous forces (similar to friction) acting inside the fluid.

Answer 56

About $30.

Answer 57

Babbitt (D), till 87, Mecham (R -impeached in 1 year), Mofford(D), till 91 succeeded from Sec of state, Symington(R) resigned in second term (1997), Jane Dee Hull(R) succeeded from SoS, Janet Napolitano(D) resigned to be Sec of Homeland Sec, Jan Brewer (R) succeeded from SoS, Doug Ducey (R)

Answer 58

A 17 foot tall seawall was built and the city raised 16 feet at the seawall - sloping down to the original height at the bay on the other side.

Answer 59

Invalidated state laws prohibiting interracial marriage, 1967 (9-0 decision)

Answer 60

In 2017, the United States spent about $3.5 trillion, or 18 percent of GDP, on health expenditures – more than twice the average among developed countries. Of that $3.5 trillion, $1.5 trillion, is directly or indirectly financed by the federal government. In other words, the federal government dedicates resources of nearly 8 percent of the economy toward health care.

Answer 61

Http - clickable links 1989

Answer 62

Non-denominational Christian. His parents joined the Marble Collegiate Church (Norman Vincent Peale's church) in the 1970's. In 2015 Trump said he attended Marble, but the church contradicted him saying "He is not an active member".

Answer 63

Voltage (E) leads Current (I) in an Inductive (L) AC circuit. Current (I) leads voltage (E) in a capacitive (C) AC Circuit. A resister does not affect the current-voltage waveform phasing- only amplitude.

Answer 64

England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland (the UK is a nation of nations)

Answer 65

True airspeed is the speed of the aircraft relative to the air. As altitude goes up 1000 feet, TAS gets 2% faster than IAS due to fewer air molecules. True airspeed is calibrated airspeed that is corrected for pressure altitude and temperature.

Answer 66

The 3 belt stars have unfamiliar names. Orien's right shoulder is Betelgeuse (a red giant). The left shoulder (holding the bow) is Bellatrix (of Harry Potter fame). On the other side of the belt (left hip) is Rigel. If you follow the belt towards the horizon, Sirius (the dog star) is the brightest star in the sky after the sun.

Answer 67

He received over $400 million (inflation adjusted) from his father. His investments generally under-performed the stock market. Over the last 20 years most of his income is from the Apprentice and minority partner deals - his core businesses lost money.

Answer 68

Profit. Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT). Describes a company's operating efficiency. Gross profit minus SG&A, R&D, pensions, etc.

Answer 69

A structure is statically determinate when laws of equilibrium are sufficient to determine the loads. Statically indeterminate parts require considerations involving the deformation of the material (redundant load paths).

Answer 70

Part 25 regulation around for years, concerning small supercooled liquid water droplets up to 29K feet.

Answer 71

Every particle must have an anti-particle. When the opposites come in contact, pure energy is released and both are destroyed. The anti-matter of an electron is a positron.

Answer 72

3.3M sq Miles (CONUS -2.95M, US - 3.68M). 5th largest. Bigger than CONUS.

Answer 73

Palmyra Atoll, Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, the Midway Islands, Bajo Nuevo Bank, Navassa Island, Serranilla Bank, and Wake Island. Palmyra Atoll (formally, the United States Territory of Palmyra Island is the only incorporated (unorganized) U.S. territory, a status it has maintained since the Territory of Hawaii became a state in 1959.

Answer 74

25.4 (because a micron is 1/1000 of a millimeter)

Answer 75

A corporation creates a spinoff by distributing 100% of its ownership interest in that business unit as a stock dividend to existing shareholders. It can also offer its existing shareholders a discount to exchange their shares in the parent company for shares of the spinoff.

Answer 76

Each new fermentation is conditioned with some amount of spent mash which adds acid. The acid controls the growth of undesirable bacteria and creates proper pH for the beneficial bacteria.

Answer 77

Blanco (white)aka plata (silver) unaged - all tequilas start as blancos, Joven (young) - unaged Blanco with coloring added to make it look aged (Jose Cuervo), Reposado (rested)- Blanco aged 3 to 12 months in oak, Anejo (old) aged in oak 1-3 years, Maduro (mature or vintage) aged a minimum of 3 years. All tequila must be made from 51% blue agave, but the best are 100%.

Answer 78

Thurgood Marshall - 13 years later (in 1965), Lyndon Johnson appointed him as the first black supreme court justice.

Answer 79

1.3-4 billion are killed by domestic and feral cats (#1 direct human caused threat to birds). 1 billion birds each year die flying into windows in the US. 121 million birds killed annually by hunters in the US.

Answer 80

Final segment climb speed, which is based upon one-engine inoperative climb, clean configuration, and maximum continuous power setting.

Answer 81

When your body doesn't have enough carbs, it burns fats instead, which makes ketones. Ketosis starts after 3 or 4 days of eating less than 50g of carbs a day. You can test for ketones in your system with pee strips.

Answer 82

A Republican in 1987, a member of the Independence Party, the New York state affiliate of the Reform Party, in 1999, a Democrat in 2001, a Republican in 2009, unaffiliated in 2011, and a Republican in 2012.

Answer 83

Red (700–635 nm), orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, violet (450-400). Some lists have six colors, dropping cyan. Newton had seven colors, identifying indigo between blue and violet (his blue was what we call cyan).

Answer 84

After Brown vs Board of Education said separate but equal unconstitutional in 1954 (overruling 1896 Plessy vs Ferguson) 9 students tried to enroll in 1957 and were refused. Eisenhower sent in the military, then all schools shut down for a year before finally integrating.

Answer 85

Precambrian (actually a SuperEon), Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, Permian, Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Paleogene, Neogene, Quaternary

Answer 86

In 1974, Turkey occupied the northern end of the Island, then in 1984 declared it was it's own country. The rest of the world does not recognize it, the United Nations says Cyprus owns the whole island, it is a country that doesn't exist.

Answer 87

Conservation of energy - the total energy of an isolated system is constant. The internal energy of a closed system is equal to the amount of heat supplied to the system minus the amount of work done by the system on it's surroundings (no perpetual motion machine).

Answer 88

No, use the word height.

Answer 89

5 Rep, 3 Dem.

Answer 90

Cleaning is the process of removing material (visible dirt) from the surface.

Answer 91

Japanese built 7 more carriers. United States built 90 more. (From Winter of the World)

Answer 92

Slow economic growth and relatively high unemployment (economic stagnation) accompanied by inflation, or inflation and a decline in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Most recently the decade leading to 1982 (driven by oil price rises in the 70s)

Answer 93

What do you do with most of your time? Allows for those not working to answer and also paves the way for multi-word answers.

Answer 94

Aristotle (taught by Plato, who was Socrates Student)

Answer 95

About 90%. Roughly 10 million soviet deaths and 400,000 deaths each for Britain and the US, 200,000 for France.

Answer 96

Missouri (Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennesee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska) and Tennessee (Kentucky, West Virginia, North Carolina, Alabama, Missississippi,

Answer 97

The Island that holds England, Scotland and Wales

Answer 98

Takeoff decision speed. Speed above which takeoff should no longer be aborted.

Answer 99

The first thing it hits. Fan, spinner, etc. Not the compressor. Part 25 regulation.

Answer 100

One that measures both stagnation and static pressure, takes their difference to get dynamic pressure.

Answer 101

Waterloo (capitol briefly moved to Washington on the Brazos 1842-1845 due to invasions from Mexico).

Answer 102

Duplex means a device can send and receive data. Half-duplex devices can send and receive data, but not at the same time. Full-duplex means it can send/receive simultaneously. RS-422 and RS-232 are full duplex.

Answer 103

Announced by Gorbachev in 1986, glasnost was greater political freedom and perestroika was moderate economic freedoms.

Answer 104

In conversations between women and men/women - contact should be maximized. Less so with man/man conversations so as not to intimidate. Epoxy eyes is a technique where gaze is not shifted away even when others speak.

Answer 105

Assume 1 engine out. Level flight at acceleration height to Vfs You are clear of all obstacles, and now your goal shifts from altitude to airspeed. Level the airplane and accelerate.

Answer 106

Edward the Confessor died early in the year, leaving no clear successor. Harold Godwinson (Harold II) became the king but was attacked on multiple fronts (Norway, his own brother and William the Conqueror). After dealing with the first two, he confronted William at the battel of Hastings and lost. This was the beginning of Norman rule of England, French vassalage that continued until the Hundred Years war erupted in 1337.

Answer 107

Donald Trump (2018)

Answer 108

Kyrsten Sinema (D) beat Martha McSally (1st female fighter pilot in combat) in Nov 2018 for 6-year term to replace Jeff Flake who resigned. McSally subsequently appointed to replace interim Senator John Kyle after McCain's death. In 2020, another election will be held to fill McCain's seat for final two years.

Answer 109

ω= ω*(√ Θ)/ δ

Answer 110

Shot by Aaron Burr in a duel in 1804. Burr charged and acquitted of murder, but unpopularity ended his political career (he was VP at the time for Thomas Jefferson). Hamilton likely threw away his shot, committing suicide in effect, and insuring Burr's demise as a murderer.

Answer 111

51% minimum corn remainder is rye (for spiciness), barley (5pct helps with fermentation) and wheat (sweeter with toffee and vanilla notes). Few made with wheat but Maker's Mark and Pappy van Winkle do. Bourbons heavy no rye ( over 18 pct) include Four Roses and Old Forester. Using all 4 grains is rare.

Answer 112

In 2007 she announced her son had autism and blamed it on vaccination.

Answer 113

Planes flying eastward (including NE and SE) fly at odd altitudes. Others fly at even altitudes. For commercial airlines 35K-41K is considered the sweet spot (higher gives reduced drag).

Answer 114

Japanese overtook the Phillipines and the Bataan Penninsula near Manila. 10,000 US troops and 65.000 Filipinos were beaten and starved for a 65 mile march to a railroad station in San Fernando. Hundreds of US troops and thousands of Filipinos died. Not the worst attrocity of the war, but one that affected the US, so it gained notoriety.

Answer 115

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. This implies conservation of momentum. Follows the second law - when one object pushes another at some (massless)point of contact, there must be an equal and opposite force from the second object that cancels the applied force - otherwise there would be a non-zero net force on a massless point, implying infinite acceleration.

Answer 116

Reagan's inauguration, January 20, 1981.

Answer 117

McClellan was first appointed by Lincoln, was timid and afraid of Robert E Lee. Eventually replaced by Grant, a drunkard who was an aggressive fighter. McClellan ran against Lincoln in the next presidential election.

Answer 118

Weak. Made public statements "we'll do nothing to endanger the hostages" rather than "we'll do anything to return them".

Answer 119

Asphalt bitumens for roads and roofing; Fuels for ships, factories and centralheating; lubricating oils, waxes and polishes; diesel fuels, kerosene fuels (jet fuels); gasoline; various chemicals; and LPG.

Answer 120

"I want you to feel like I'm being fair at all times, so please stop me if you think I'm being unfair and we'll address it"

Answer 121

John D Rockefeller. Standard Oil 1937. Net worth in today's dollars $409 billion. For comparison Henry Ford (1909) was worth $200 billion and Mark Zuckerberg (Facebook) is worth $74 billion.

Answer 122

He discovered there were other galaxies besides our own (1924) and that the universe was expanding (1929).

Answer 123

Repeating the person's words back to them to invite elaboration.

Answer 124

Currently Vietanm, Laos and Cambodia. The French tried to run it through the Vichy government during WWII, but it was occupied by the Japanese. After the war, they tried to retake their former colonies, but were fought by Hồ Chí Minh until they gained independence in 1954 with a communist north and democratic south.

Answer 125

Established the federal government's implied powers over the states, 1819 (7-0 decision). Maryland wanted to restrict currency.

Answer 126

13.8 billion years ago. All the universes matter was contained in a volume smaller than an atom, incredibly hot.

Answer 127

Australopitithecus (3-4 Mya - used stone tools and first Bipedal), Homo Habilus, Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis

Answer 128

Formation in which the quarterback stands well back of the center and the ball is snapped to him, rather than handed. Mostly used for passing plays.

Answer 129

Measures the ratio of heat transferred into a fluid to the thermal capacity of the fluid. It is used to characterize heat transfer in forced convection flows (i.e. turbine cooling)

Answer 130

The NAV reduces to compensate. When reinvested you have the exact same amount of money, but fewer/lower value shares and a taxable event. Dividends are distributed because underlying stocks/bonds distributed, CG are distributed because the mutual fund bought/sold securities.

Answer 131

A fuel that spans the gasoline-kerosene boiling points. They were used to improve theoretical availabilty, but their higher volitility caused increased risk of ground fire, and reduced crash survivability. For that reason, wide cut cut fuels (Jet-B, JP-4, etc) have mostly been phased out in favor of narrow cut kerosene fuels (Jet-A, JP-5, JP-8, etc)

Answer 132

JFK (61-63), LBJ (63-69), Nixon (69-74), Ford (74-77), Carter (77-81), Reagan (81-89), George HW Bush (89-93), Bill Clinton (93-2001), George W Bush (2001-2009), Barach Obama (2009-2017), Trump (2017-)

Answer 133

Grey cast iron is basic, malleable and ductile cast iron have higher strength, ductility and toughness but are more difficult to cast. Cast iron has good vibration damping, good wear resistance, good machinability and low notch sensitivity. Ferritic gray iron is cheapest/highest carbon, pearlitic has lower carbon and stonger. Gray cast iron gets it's name from the color of the fracture (gray due to graphite).

Answer 134

Prisoners must be advised of their rights before being questioned by police, 1966 (5-4 decision)

Answer 135

Hezbollah - Shia group in Lebanon (funded by Iran/Khomeini) formed to harass Israeli occupiers following Israel's invasion in 1982).

Answer 136

The largest volcanic eruption known. 2800 times larger than St. Helens, 30 times larger than Tambora (1815) occurring on Sumatra 70000 years ago. 6 years of darkness resulted and human population is thought to have gone down to a few thousand. Likely wiped out the species Homo erectus.

Answer 137

A mile has always been 8 furlongs. Furlongs (the length of a standard plowed row) has changed as the length of a standard foot has changed.

Answer 138

Drew Brees of New Orleans Saints.

Answer 139

No one knows, but if there were equal amounts, the particles would wipe each other out and there would be nothing. At the big bang, perhaps there was a lot of anti-matter, but matter destroyed it and nothing is left.

Answer 140

Tax law changed requiring reporting of cost basis after Jan 1, 2012. Covered shares purchased after 1/1/2012, non-covered shares purchased before (and reported to IRS without cost-basis info).

Answer 141

Germany met with France, Britain in Sept 1938 without Czechoslovakia. Neville Chamberlain agreed for Hitler to take the Sudetenland if he would not expand further in Europe. Neville said it represented "Peace in our time".

Answer 142

Public institutions (i.e., a school system) cannot require prayer, 1962. “it is no part the business of government to compose official prayers.”

Answer 143

In 1998 a British doctor (Andrew Wakefield) released a paper saying autism and MMR vaccine were related. In 2011 the paper was found to be fraudulent. Wakefield found to have deliberately selected data and falsified facts for financial gain (he was employed by lawyers engaged by parents in anti-vaccine lawsuits). Barred from practicing medicine in UK, no license in US, where he lives. Worst medical fraud in history.

Answer 144

High level testing of the finished product to insure it meets customer needs and if the right product was built. Often involves acceptance and suitability with external customers.

Answer 145

The total entropy of an isolated system can never decrease over time. The total entropy of a system can remain constant in ideal cases when in thermodynamic equilibrium (or undergoing fictional reversaile processes). All processes that occur increase entropy and are irreversible.

Answer 146

Net income from continuing operations. Operating income - taxes. The renowned Bottom Line

Answer 147

He was playing with switchblades to imitate a gang member. He got in a fight there and nearly pushed a boy out the window.

Answer 148

Homo Habilis about 2.5 to 1.5 Mya, Erectus about 2M to .5 Mya, Heidelbergensis .75M to .25 Mya (precursor to modern humans), Neanderthal (400K to 40K - separate line from Heidelbergensis). Modern humans came about 350K years ago.

Answer 149

Mach Max Operation - an aerodynamic, not structural limit. Exceeding VMO/MMO means you have entered the peripheral flight envelope

Answer 150

Dynamic pressure + static pressure (=ρ*V^2/2 +Ps). The pressure at a stagnation point that results when all kinetic energy is converted to static pressure energy.

Answer 151

In 2000 there were no home-grown transmissions of measles all were imported. Since 2013, measles outbreaks have gotten worse, nearly all were unvaccinated. In 2015 the first person to die of measles in 12 years passed away.

Answer 152

7 and only 7. From middle out, they are center, guard, tackle (5 of the 7). Tight ends are receivers who line up next to tackles. Wide receivers position on the scrimmage line near the sideline. Slot receivers are between wide receivers and tackles.

Answer 153

Supereon (there is only the Pre-Cambrian 4.5bya to 541mya), Eon, Era, Period, Age

Answer 154

100B galaxies with 100B stars each - 1X10^22 stars (10 sextillion).

Answer 155

Maneuvering speed. The MAX speed at which you can safely stall an airplane. During certification, this has to do with forces measured on the elevator.

Answer 156

Assume 1 engine out. From liftoff to 35 feet above ground at V2 (50 ft for propeller aircraft). Start landing gear retraction

Answer 157

A is Hospitalization, B is doctors (A+B="Original Medicare"). C is "Medicare Advantage" which is private insurance with restrictions (like an HMO) that mimics original Medicare. D is prescriptions.

Answer 158

24% $77K-$165K, 32% $165K-$315K. Next step down is 22%, so not significant.

Answer 159

2/3. It is the most religiously homogeneous state.

Answer 160

The entropy of a system approaches a constant value as the system approaches absolute zero.

Answer 161

Most more than 10 Mya. Gorillas 9 Mya, chimpanzees 6 Mya.

Answer 162

Flap Retraction Speed. Steady initial climb speed with all engines operating

Answer 163

It is what we think of as a lbm. Equivalent to .454 kg. Also abbreviated lb. A avoirdupois pound is accelerated by sea level gravity at 32.2 ft/sec2.

Answer 164

By the end of 1941, he had appointed all but 2 of the 9 justices, making it the most liberal court in US history.

Answer 165

It gives the right to buy something. It can be thought of as a down payment for a future purchase at today's price. The maximum loss is the premium spent on the contract.

Answer 166

Columbia (1Bya), Rodina (1Bya), Pannotia (700Mya), Pangea (500Mya)

Answer 167

Bonds backed by specified collateral, which will be sold to pay lenders in the event of default.

Answer 168

Steady climb speed with all engines operating. Slat retraction speed. Should be attained by 400 ft.

Answer 169

Intensive properties are independent of the amount of mass (i.e. pressure, temperature, specific volume and density). The value of an extensive property varies directly with the mass (i.e. mass and volume).

Answer 170

How (how do you expect me to do that?), what (What is going on?) should be used frequently. Why should be avoided because it is perceived as accusatory and brings up defense mechanisms.

Answer 171

Paleozoic, Mesozoic (age of dinosaurs), Cenozoic

Answer 172

Extraordinary expenses a company does not incur in its day-to-day operations. Controllable at corporate, not business level. Affects net income, not operating income.

Answer 173

The gulf stream heads east after passing the US east coast and turns into the North Atlantic current. The NA current passes the west side of Ireland/Great Britain the the west of Norway. A smaller portion loops over to Iceland and also through the North Sea to warm Oslo. Conversely the currents on the east of Greenland are southern traveling polar currents.

Answer 174

Finland successfully defended itself from Russian invasion, but had to ally themselves with the Nazi's to maintain independence. Sweden declared themselves neutral (arguably they weren't). Norway was invaded and occupied by the Nazi's.

Answer 175

Cast iron usually refers to iron with carbon higher than 2%, steel lower.

Answer 176

A coiled wire which develops a magnetic field when energized. It's resistance decreases with time as the magnetic field develops, so current is low at first and builds (voltage leads current-ELI). After voltage is removed, the inductor still encourages current to flow until the magnetic field dissipates. Analgous water flow example is a turbine wheel with lots of mass. As pressure is applied, it resists at first until spinning at full speed. After pressure is removed it still pumps water due to inertia.

Answer 177

Japan. Current emperor is a direct descendent of the original Emperor Jimmu (660 BC) said to be descended from the sun goddess.

Answer 178

Aluminum. A cheap method to extract was not found until 1886

Answer 179

Attachment stress is proportional to the flow area (as tip moves out or hub moves in, area goes up) and to the square of the speed.

Answer 180

First large scale civil rights protest which raised MLK and Rosa Parks to prominence. Demanded courteous treatment, open seating and hiring black drivers. Ended Dec 1956 with supreme court upholding lower court ruling (Brown v BOE was earlier in 1955 before strike).

Answer 181

Over 4000, including 6 bankrupcies (No personal bankrupcy, but his New York hotels and Atlantic City Casinos were involved in bankrupcies).

Answer 182

1) Gases consist of particles in random motion 2) Gas molecules constantly elastically collide with each other and the container walls with no loss of energy 3) Gas particle volume is negligible compared to container volume 4) There are no interactive (attractive or repulsion) forces between the molecules 5) The average kinetic energy of a gas is proportional to the temperature and all gases at the same temp have the same kinetic energy.

Answer 183

Troposphere (to 36K), Tropopause (36K-70K), Stratosphere (70K-160K), Mesosphere (160K-300K), Thermosphere (300K-400K)

Answer 184

Output of airspeed indicator. The speed limits of the sky, i.e. not exceeding 250 knots below 10,000 feet MSL, use indicated airspeed. Calibrated to reflect ISA adiabatic compressible flow at sea level uncorrected for airspeed system errors.

Answer 185

Hong Kong Island and neighboring territory taken in the two opium wars (mid 1800s) and a 99 year lease signed in 1898. Territory returned to China in 1997, with an agreement for a status quo arrangement until 2047.

Answer 186

Corn whiskey has a minimum of 80% corn and does not require a new charred oak container (used or uncharred OK).

Answer 187

Income statement is done over a period of time (monthly, quarterly, yearly). Balance sheet is a snapshot in time.

Answer 188

Often the compressor - perhaps ice crystals sublimate and drop the temperature, perhaps they melt and stick. Part 33 regulation.

Answer 189

N/(√ Θ)

Answer 190

A rock escarpement which separates the South Platte (Denver Side) river drainage from the Arkansas (Colorado Springs side) river drainage. Bald Mountain is the high point. Lockridge house is on the north side of the divide (Nearby Elk Creek drains north).

Answer 191

Southeastern Turkey 10,000 years ago.

Answer 192

In 2018, 24% of US families were single parent. Highest was blacks (65%), followed by American Indian (53%) and Latino (41%). Whites are at 24% and asians at 15%.

Answer 193

Chemicals made in your liver. When you don't have enough insulin to turn glucose into energy, fat is burned instead, making ketones.

Answer 194

In 2009, the Obama administration took student loans away from private organizations and the program is now government run. His administration anticipated $50B in savings, though facts now prove it is costing $300B. No private underwriting means anyone gets a loan with no regard of their ability to repay.

Answer 195

The Commonwealth of Nations is a free political association of 53 mostly former British colonies and dates back to British de-colonialization in the early 20th century. Queen Elizabeth II is the figurehead of the Commonwealth. The queen is the head of state of 16 member states (Canada, Austrailia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Belize and 10 small island nations), known as the Commonwealth realms, while 32 other members are republics and five others have different monarchs.

Answer 196

11 in addition to Homo Sapiens (Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus, Homo Heidelbergensis, Homo Neanderthalensis are best known).

Answer 197

In 1947 the UN created a Jewish and an Arab state in Palestine, the former territory of Britain. When Britain ended it's supervision of Palestine in May 1948, the Jews declared they were the nation of Israel. The next day, Egypt, Syria and Jordan attacked. Israel won and got more territory than the agreement called for.

Answer 198

1937 approved some of FDR's plans to confront the great depression (Social Security Act & bills that restricted business), ending decades of invalidating social welfare legislation. Brown vs Board of education in 1954 overturning separate educational facilities enabled by Plessy vs Ferguson in 1896.

Answer 199

2.9 million sq. miles (CONUS -2.95M, US - 3.68M). Same size as CONUS

Answer 200

Tequila is made from blue agave in the state of Jalisco. Mescal can be made from any of 30 types of agave and anywere in Mexico. Tequila tends to roast the agave hearts in ovens, whereas mescal roasts the agave hearts in a fire pit covered for several days (perhaps giving it a smokier flavor).

Answer 201

Concluded there was no collusion. The report did not conclude that the President obstructed justice, but it also didn't exonerate him. It also concluded Vladimir Putin did interfere in the election.

Answer 202

It is shaped like cubes, which make it easier for males to stack it around their homes and attract mates. It if formed into a cube by the intestinal muscles in the last few inches.

Answer 203

Natural uranium is 99.3% U238 and 0.7% U235. Enrichment increases the % of U235 in centrifuges.

Answer 204

The Smoot–Hawley Act of 1930 caused tit for tat tariffs (66% reduction in world trade 1929-1934). Although Hoover opposed it, he did not veto. FDR campaigned against it and won Presidency in 1932.

Answer 205

A second's delay before smiling is much more effective than an immediate smile.

Answer 206

Slaves illegally kidnapped in Sierra Leone, took over their ship in Cuba, killing the captain and the cook and demanding the navigators take them back to Africa. They instead took to the US where they were tried for murder. John Quincy Adams got them acquitted.

Answer 207

ARINC 429 is 100 kbit/sec - used for low data rate transfer engine to avionics. RS-422 is 10 Mbit/sec (100 times faster), used for cross engine data link and maintenance connector in AS907.

Answer 208

Not in the European war. Japanese cannibalism of conquered people and POW's was common and supported as a strategy of war by officers. Because of the emotional affect of Americans with relatives who died in POW camps, cannibalism was not brought up in Japanese war crimes trials.

Answer 209

$340 (2,300 yuan)

Answer 210

Formed in 1999 in Iraq, pledging allegiance to al-Qaeda. Known for beheading videos. Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (or the Levant).

Answer 211

1206-1227. He conquered more land than Alexander the great. Enforced laws and eliminated the clan system. 1 in 200 people today are his descendents.

Answer 212

To liberate Palestine and to establish an Islamic state in Israel's presence.

Answer 213

Hooverville's

Answer 214

Filibustered Lyndon Johnson's liberal Justice Abe Fortas, keeping seat open for Nixon to appoint Warren Burger.

Answer 215

John Cleese, Eric Idle, Michael Palin, Graham Chapman, Terry Gilliam(an American) and Terry Jones

Answer 216

Derivitives are a security whose price is dependent on or derived from the price of something else. Options are derivatives of financial securities—their value depends on the price of some other asset. Examples of derivatives include calls, puts, futures, forwards, swaps, and mortgage-backed securities, among others.

Answer 217

Atlanta (50M), LAX (41M), O'Hare (39M), DFW (32M), Denver (30M)

Answer 218

Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine and Astatine. The name halogen means "salt-producing" - when they react with metals, they produce a wide range of salts.

Answer 219

Volume (lots of data), Velocity (deal with quickly), Variety (many sources and formats)

Answer 220

A sheet 1 light year thick.

Answer 221

The Civil Rights Act of 1866, which Andrew Johnson vetoed after he took over following Lincoln's April 1865 assassination. The act was intended to supplement the 13th amendment, which freed slaves.

Answer 222

An Irishman, sentenced to hang for treason by the English, instead deported to Australia. He escaped and immigrated to the US where he rallied the Irish in the Civil war as a Brigadier General and became a hero. Subsequently governor of Montana territory.

Answer 223

As a star is pulled into a black hole it releases a huge amount of energy as it crosses the event horizon, creating a quasar.

Answer 224

Japan. Current emperor is a direct descendent of the original Emperor Jimmu (660 BC) said to be descended from the sun goddess.

Answer 225

An ancient Iranian-speaking prophet whose teachings developed into the religion of Zoroastrianism, which became the dominant religion in Ancient Persia. His exact birthplace and date (1000-2000BC) is uncertain.

Answer 226

The S&P 500 index price represents the total return that includes both changes in price and the effect of dividends. As of June 2019, the dividend yield for the S&P 500 was 1.85%.

Answer 227

Individuals. Prior to Trump tax cuts ratio was ~6:1. After ~9:1.

Answer 228

South Bend, Indiana; New Haven, Connecticut, Cambridge, Mass; Cambridge, Mass

Answer 229

Both sources are supplied at the transformer by a single (hot) 7200V input and a neutral. The primary coil uses the 7200V and the two secondary coils (with neutral in the middle) are wrapped in opposite directions and each output is 120V, 180 out of phase. Phased power has a shift other than 180, which allows motors to be self starting wtihout a start winding or capacitor.

Answer 230

A 1 sextillion pengo note printed in Hungary in 1946.

Answer 231

Water contracts when heated between 32 and 39F, from there it expands when heated like a normal material. When a lakes surface is cooled, the water becomes denser and sinks, bringing warm water to the top. The process repeats until the entire lake is 39F. At this point, as surface water is cooled it does not sink and eventually freezes.

Answer 232

Mllion, billion, trillion (10^12), quadrillion(15), quintillion (18), sextillion (10^21), septillian (24), octillian (27), nonillan(30), decillion (33), Googol (100), Centillian (10^303) many missing between non and cent. Note: these are short scale numbers (used in US), Long scale numbers (used in Britain and elsewhere) assign different values to all but a million.

Answer 233

It uses an integrating analog to digital converter. The unknown voltage is applied to the input integrator and allowed to ramp for a run-up period. Then a known reference voltage of opposite polarity is applied and allowed to ramp till zero (the run-down period). The voltage is computed from the input voltage and the two times. Accuracy increases with longer times. Thus a multimeter is slow (for accuracy) and the voltage reading is affected by a poor battery in the multimeter (reads high).

Answer 234

A system which does not required input from the outside world to determine location - made up of accelerometers to measure changes in velocity and gyros to measure rotation.

Answer 235

1st Battle of Gonzales (Oct 2, 1835), Alamo (Feb 23-Mar 6 1836), San Jacinto (April 21, 1836)

Answer 236

Strongly in Libya, Egypt, Yemen, Syria and Bahrain. Less successfully in Morocco, Iraq, Algeria, Lebanon, Jordan, Kuwait, Oman and Sudan.

Answer 237

It compares the current in the hot line and neutral wire. If there is less in the neutral wire, there must be a fault to ground so it switches it off. It will not protect you if you hold both hot and neutral. It protects better than the breaker because it flips at much lower amperage. Required in wet areas.

Answer 238

China 10%; EU 5.2%; Japan 4%, US 3.8%

Answer 239

401(k) employees can defer compensation on a pre-tax basis. 403(b) similar to 401(k) except for educational and charitable organizations. Keogh plans similar to 401(k) except for self-employed and unincorporated businesses.

Answer 240

Andrew Johnson (violating tenure of office act) and Bill Clinton (Perjury and obstruction of Justice). Impeachment is the removal process - neither was removed.

Answer 241

The doctor found bone spurs in one foot - a temporary condition which went away - years later he was unable to remember which foot.

Answer 242

Atomic numbers 1, 2, 3 and 4. Hydrogen, helium, lithium, beryllium.

Answer 243

Ludwig managed to get 1,000,000 square miles of inland land as most European countries were interested in the edges (inner Africa largely uncharted by 1900). King Ludwig II managed to maintain a thin strip of land for coastal access. The river has 250 miles of waterfalls that steamboats needed to porter loads around.

Answer 244

3 - Ivana (1977-1992 Don Jr, Ivanka, Eric), Marla Maples (1993-1999 Tiffany), Melania (2005- Barron)

Answer 245

When the -300/-400/-500 aircraft went from turbojets to turbofans they needed more ground clearance so the lip was flattened. On the 737NG accessories were moved to the side for the same reason (chipmunk). As each model was stretched, it required the engines to move forward of the wing which helped balance and ground clearance.

Answer 246

Maximum flap extended speed

Answer 247

They are not. At death unrealized gains are treated as the cost basis "stepped-up basis". It means the optimal tax strategy for the very rich, fine-tuned and promoted by the wealth-planning industry, is straightforward: Hold assets until death, borrow against them for living expenses and barely pay income taxes.

Answer 248

Most recent male ancestor of all living humans. Evidence suggested he lived much further in the past than mitochondrial Eve (maybe 360K years instead of 180K years)

Answer 249

The government reduced the move to privatization of industry and maintained tight control of the economy, subsidizing large state run companies at the expense of small independents. This trend continues to today.

Answer 250

Heat and work.

Answer 251

Ronald Reagan

Answer 252

In 2017, the U.S. imported goods worth $506 billion from China, while exporting $130 billion, according to the Commerce Department. The resulting trade deficit with China of over $375 billion (about $1B/day) represented two-thirds of the total U.S. trade deficit for the year.

Answer 253

India (about 3 times as many as the US). US/Canada has less than 1 in 10 of the world's cattle.

Answer 254

Revenue-COGS. This represents how much money you make after subtracting direct manufacturing expenses (both fixed and variable)

Answer 255

Income alone does not tell the whole story on how a company is doing because customer payments or payments to suppliers can happen at much different intervals than the income statement reflects - necessitating a cash flow statement.

Answer 256

Indicated airspeed corrected for instrument and positional errors. This error is generally greatest at low airspeeds with nose high pitch attitudes.

Answer 257

High card, 1 pair (1.37:1), 2 pair (21:1), 3 of a kind (46), straight(254), flush(508), full house(693), 4 of a kind(4165), straight flush(72,192:1), royal flush(649,740:1). Probablities against are for 5 card initial deal.

Answer 258

Used to predict the transition from laminar to turbulent flow

Answer 259

Half of homicides. 96% of these homicides were black on black.

Answer 260

After Ali's death, Hussein rejected the role of caliph but continued fighting. He and 72 family members and supporters were massacred in Karbala by a much larger caliph force. His head was decapitated and given to the caliph. He became a martyr.

Answer 261

Helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon. Colorless, odorless and non-reactive.

Answer 262

Period of rapid US population growth between 46 and 57. Between 1948 and 1953, more babies born than the previous 30 years.

Answer 263

Many rich left the country, because, unlike the US, they can escape taxes by leaving the country.

Answer 264

Tunisia in 2011 with ouster of autocrat Zine El Abidine Ben Ali in 2011. By mid-2012, it faded due to violent responses from authorities.

Answer 265

Hitler becomes chanceller 1933; Japan invades China 1937, Hitler peacefully annexes Austria (the Anschluss) Marcj 1938, followed by the Sudetenland in October; Hitler invades Poland in 1939- France/Britain immediately declare war; between April and June 1940 Hitler takes over Denmark, Norway, Belgium, Netherlands and France; July-Oct 1940 Battle of Britain; 1 year consilidating power; July 1941 Hitler attacks Russia with 4 million, turning to a cold weather disaster by the time of Pearl Harbor Dec 7 1941.

Answer 266

They needed to bring a right hand to prove the bullet was not wasted on game or saved for revolt. They would shoot people and entire villages who refused to harvest rubber, cut vines, contaminated the sap or resisted in some other way.

Answer 267

Warts are small, hard, rough, not cancerous growths, similar in color to the rest of the skin and caused by human papillomavirus. Cysts are abnormal, closed sac-like structures or capsules, filled with liquid, semisolid, or gaseous material and can be caused by a variety of things. Moles are skin marks caused by pigment-producing cells in the skin.

Answer 268

A property of a substance that quantifies the energy of a substance that is no longer available to perform useful work. It equals heat transferred (delta Q) divided by T (absolute). Like enthalpy, it cannot be measured directly but must be given relative to a reference value.

Answer 269

Sauropods. Brachiosaurus was the largest at 55 tons, brontosaurus and Apatosaurus at 30ish tons and diminutive diplodocus at 10-15 tons. Stegosaurs at their peak. Allosaurus - a much smaller predecessor to tyrannosaurus was the predominant predator.

Answer 270

It's extra-large engines, mounted below the wings make it difficult to recover (get the nose down) from a stall at high pitch, low speed, flaps up, manual flight, high power conditions. Stabilizer trim with jackscrew (not just elevator-which is controlled by the yoke) is required to recover.

Answer 271

Income where free cash flow is greater than earnings over a period of time.

Answer 272

Richard Nixon (to avoid being impeached)

Answer 273

Emperor of Etiopia between 1930 and 1974. Central to the Rastafari religion which became more popular in the 1970's with Reggae singers like Bob Marley.

Answer 274

68.3%, 95.4%, 99.7%, 99.999999%

Answer 275

His attempt to pack the supreme court in 1937 with extra judges (15 vs 9). It was met with almost universal opposition.

Answer 276

Species peafowl. Peacocks are the males, peahens are the females. National bird of India.

Answer 277

Factor of 100. .5M tons, 1962, 28 million tons 2008. It is in 50% of products on supermarket shelves. 98% of Indonesian rainforests will be gone in 9 years due to rainforest burning. However, it requires 1/4 the acreage as canola oil and a 1/10 the pesticides and fertilizer of soy.

Answer 278

A circus performer grabbing a bit in his teeth and floating around the ring top, shoulders back, hands floating behind.

Answer 279

"What caused you to do…"?, "What did you have in mind when…"?, "How could we go about that…"

Answer 280

Abuse of power and obstruction of congress (Dec 2019) after he solicited Ukraine to investigate his political rival Joe Biden. Senate aquitted him after refusing to hear witness testimony.

Answer 281

If two systems are both in thermal equilibrium with a third system then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. This allows temperature to be used as a parameter to determine thermal equilibrium.

Answer 282

It makes it easier to meet obligations with debased currency (easier to repay national debt). When the Weimar republic debased currency (peaking at a trillion Marks to a Dollar in 1923), it made it easier to pay expenses and debts denominated in Marks.

Answer 283

4.45 newtons. (1 lbm*32.2*.454 kg/lbm*.3048 ft/m)

Answer 284

The difference between a company’s current assets, like cash, accounts receivable (customers’ unpaid bills) and inventories of raw materials and finished goods, and current liabilities, like accounts payable.

Answer 285

Andy Biggs (Republican). Jan 3, 2017- Jan 3, 2021.

Answer 286

Brunei. The legal system is based on Sharia law.

Answer 287

East Timor (2002 UN recognition) and the Philippines.

Answer 288

Coal 45% in 2010, 28% in 2018, 24% by 2020, at which point renewable may actually pass coal on an annual basis (already it has passed during the occasional spring/early summer month). In 2016, natural gas replaced coal as the main power supply. Before 2010, coal supplied more than half our power.

Answer 289

The middle or inside linebacker plays in the center, behind the line (QB of defense). Outside LBs (left/right or strong/weak) line up behind/outside defensive ends. Strong side plays opposite offensive Tight end. Cornerbacks line up outside the outside LBs and cover wide receivers. Safeties cover deep. Strong safety is big and stands closer to line to cover runs, free safety is fast and stands furthest back.

Answer 290

He was viewing a red sunset in Oslo and was trying to block out nature's scream. The artist's personal reaction to nature. Recently determined that "Must have been painted by a madman" written in tiny letters on the canvas was Munsh's own writing.

Answer 291

Large diameter LEAP engines required longer landing gear (and a departure from the unusually low (easy to load) B737 configuration. With extra ground clearance, flat inlets weren't required.

Answer 292

United States, France, Germany, Italy, UK, Japan, Canada. The G8 used to include Russia, but it was expelled after it invaded/annexed the Crimea in 2014.

Answer 293

Separating black and white students in public schools is unconstitutional, 1954 (9-0 decision). Separate is inherently unequal.

Answer 294

S&P went from 68.27 to 100.55 - a return per year of 2.1745%. August 12, 1982, S&P bear market hit it's last low of 102.42 - at the end of the 18 year bull run in March 2000 it was at 1527.26, about 17% a year increase.

Answer 295

Criminal defendants have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one, 1963 (9-0 decision). Man charged with burglary convicted after he represented himself.

Answer 296

It allows the other person to feel safe and secure, which invites more dialogue.

Answer 297

Conservation of momentum applies to elastic and inelastic conditions. Conservation of energy applies to elastic collisions only.

Answer 298

Contains most of the Tigris/Euphrates river system. Baghdad is on the Tigris. The two rivers combine about 10 miles from the coast and flow as the Euphrates into the Persian gulf. The last mile of the Euphrates is the East/West border Iraq/Iran. Iraq has less than 10 miles of coastline, Kuwait usurps the southern ~100 miles of coastline and is thus strategic.

Answer 299

Increased six fold to 24%. Other countries in Europe seemed less hard hit.

Answer 300

July 3 through Aug 11 when Sirius (the dog star because it is part of the constellation Canis Major - Latin for the Greater Dog) rises at at night in conjunction with the sun. Ancients felt the combination of sun by day and Sirius by night created extreme heat.

Answer 301

Alamo Bowl against Utah (#11), Texas unrated. Beat Utay 38-10. Quarterback Sam Ehlinger. 1st half seemed competitive, 2nd half b

Answer 302

A compound containing mercury which started the green vaccine movement in 1998. There is no evidence of harmful side effects but in 1999 US public health organizations agreed to reduce/eliminate it in vaccines.

Answer 303

Saturated (only single covalent bonds) hydrocarbons of the form C(n)H(2n+2)Methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), pentane (C5H12), hexane (C6H14), heptane (C7H16), octane (C8H18).

Answer 304

Lehman Brothers Collapse Sept 15, 2008

Answer 305

Mule deer have black tipped tails, their horns fork (rather than branch from a main beam), they have larger ears and their bodies are larger. There are 10 mule deer subspecies including Rocky Mountain Mule deer (broadest range) and 2 subspecies of black-tailed deer.

Answer 306

White meat is fast twitch muscle fibers, most present in ground based bird's breasts (chicken/turkey). Dark meat is slow twitch fibers and is present in ground based bird's legs and throughout the bodies of flying birds like ducks and geese. Dark meat has twice the fat and 40 times the myoglobin of white meat.

Answer 307

Unlike macroscopic forms of energy (potential and kinetic), internal energy represents the microscopic energy due to rotation, vibration, translation and interactions among molecules of a substance. Represented by U and expressed in BTU's or joules. Specific internal energy, u, is BTU/lb or Joules/kg.

Answer 308

Minimum takeoff safety speed -the speed at which the aircraft can be safely climbed with OEI.

Answer 309

Part 33 Glaciated (ice crystal) & Mixed Phase Icing. Up to 45K.

Answer 310

About 1000 tons a day to keep the 25 boilers going. The ship was eventually sunk (in 18 minutes due to the longitudinal arrangement of her coal bunkers) by a German U-boat in 1915 and was famous for traveling at 26 knots.

Answer 311

If sold, capital gains taxes need to be paid on the appreciated value of the sold company. Well structured spinoffs are tax free because no change in ownership happens - original stockholders still own both, just in two sets of stock.

Answer 312

Period of non-dictatorship traditionally from 509BC and ending in 27 BC with the Roman Empire/Octavian (Augustus). Unlike the Pax Romana of the Roman Empire, the Republic was characterized by continual warfare (notably with Carthage until 202 BC), the beginning of the end was Sulla being declared dictator in 81BC.

Answer 313

Produced by kilning at very high temperatures that carbonize the whole kernel. Used in small quantities and do not add any potential extract yield. Chocalate, black patent and roasted barley are examples

Answer 314

The ratio of convective to conductive heat transfer at a fluid boundary. 1 represents pure conduction, 10 laminar flow and 100-1000 turbulent flow.

Answer 315

It allowed cotton production to double each decade thereafter, cotton displacing wool as the primary clothing material. This made slavery much more profitable.

Answer 316

LSU beat the Clemson Tigers (the 2019 winners). LSU led by Heisman winner quarterback Joe Burrow. Burrow was subsequently the #1 draft pick by Cincinnatti Bengals in the 2020 "virtual" draft.

Answer 317

Full 1st cousins nearest relationship is through both grandparents (always), half cousins are related through 1 grandparent (2nd marriage), 2nd cousins nearest rel is great grandparents (always), removed indicates how many generations different. Aunts and uncles are not cousins by this definition since the relationship is parent/grandparent.

Answer 318

Non-spousal beneficeries no longer could withdraw money over their lifetimes, but needed to withdraw from inherited IRA's (regular and Roth) in 10 years (however, or whenever they'd like). The new restrictions pose a problem for people who have been planning to use IRAs as an inheritance vehicle, but the strategy was never one Congress intended to offer. “The Stretch IRA was a loophole,”

Answer 319

Explored Congo for Leopold and signed hundreds of treaties with local chiefs purchasing all the land and labor in perpetuity for the price of a few pieces of cloth.

Answer 320

Defensive tackles and nose guard play at the center of the defensive line. A defensive tackle who lines up directly across from the ball is often called a nose tackle or nose guard. The two defensive ends play next to the defensive tackles, at the edges of the defensive line. The faster of the two is usually placed on the right side of the defensive line (quarterback's left) because that is a right-handed quarterback's blind side

Answer 321

Al-Qaeda formed from US trained Mujahedeen soldiers following Soviet- Afghan war (1979-1989), Taliban - Sunni Afghan organization formed in 1986 supported by Pakistan. Ruling party until US invasion and overthrow of Government.

Answer 322

It gives the right to sell a something. It can be thought of as insurance in case the price of something goes down. The maximum loss is the premium spent on the contract.

Answer 323

When malt is germinated, the sprout converts the starch (in the protein-starch matrix of the endosperm) to sugars to consume during the growth cycle. At the point the sprout (acrospire) is the same length as the kernel, all starch has been converted to sugar and it is fully modified. In overmodified malts, the sprout has started to consume the sugars.

Answer 324

Shia militant group formed in Lebanon in response to Israel’s 1982-2000 occupation

Answer 325

Hamas is a Palestinian organization devoted to destroying Israel, Taliban operates mainly in Afghanistan and Pakistan -was led by Mullah Omar to enforce their vision of Islam on Afghanistan, al-Qaeda started in Afghanistan by Osama bin Laden to expel the Russians.

Answer 326

The US is one of only a tiny number of countries that taxes a citizen's earnings regardless of where they live or earn income. To escape US taxes, one would have to pay a tax bill as if all their assets were sold and appreciation realized, then change citizenship.

Answer 327

25% short haul, 45% long haul. The Concorde had a fuel fraction of 51%. An A380 has a MTOW of 1.1M lbs., a 737 is about 150,000 lbs. One rule of thumb for weight is 1/2 plane, 1/4 fuel, 1/4 cargo.

Answer 328

The Missouri river (2341 mi), followed by Mississippi (2202 mi). The Jefferson-Missouri-Mississippi river drainage at 3902 mi is 4th longest in the world (following Amazon, Nile, Yangtze). The Jefferson starts on the continental divide near Yellowstone national park (almost in Idaho).

Answer 329

The foot is the "standard length of a human foot". Today all shoe sizes have a direct equivalent (US male size 14). The foot dates to Roman times and has varied in length (both longer and shorter). A foot was subdivided into 16 (4 hand spans), then 12 digits (fingers)/inches. Egyptians preferred the cubit, which is the forearm length from the tip of the middle finger to the bottom of the elbow (about 20").

Answer 330

The largest non-nuclear blast in history to that time (equivalent to 21,000 lbs TNT). 241 American servicemen killed. A second truck bomb a few miles away killed 58 French paratroopers. Reputedly done at the Khomeini government's instruction.

Answer 331

Russia/China stopped sending aid, which contributed to a famine that left as many as 3 million dead. 500-600K best estimate. 1994-98 "The Arduous March" - using words famine/hunger was forbidden as they implied government failing.

Answer 332

A property of a substance equal to internal energy plus the ability to perform PV work. So specific enthalpy is u+Pv where P is pressure and v is specific volume in ft3/lbm. It cannot be measured directly, but to an assumed reference (ie water at .01C has an enthalpy of zero). In practical applications, it is the change in enthalpy that is important, not the absolute value.

Answer 333

Temperature. This means heavy molecules travel more slowly than light molecules. Hydrogen at 0C moves about 2000 m/sec, oxygen at 500 m/sec.

Answer 334

A motorcycle coming toward you sounds a higher pitch and away from you lower, because the wavelength is compressed/stretched. Similarly, light from a planet coming toward you is blue shifted (shorter wavelength) and away from you is red shifted.

Answer 335

A few temporary sanctions, largely ignored. The strategy was twofold: we needed China to offset the USSR, which didn't exist within 2 years; democracy would come to China because of economic pressure - which hasn't materialized in 30 years. Democrats favored stiffer sanctions.

Answer 336

A metric tonne (not an SI unit). Equals 1000 kg or 2204.6 lbs.

Answer 337

Because in British long scale, a billion is equivalent to our trillion, and their trillion is equivalent to our Quintillion…

Answer 338

Rotation speed

Answer 339

Approach reference speed in landing configuration at 50ft. Used by pilots as a base to calculate landing speeds. Usually 1.3×VS0.

Answer 340

Enslaved local population, killing 6-8 million of 16 million inhabitants between 1885 and 1908

Answer 341

Russia (6.6M), Canada (3.9M), China (3.71M), US (3.68M), Brazil (3.3M), Australia (3.0M), India (1.3M),

Answer 342

Never with just a city. Do some research on interesting facts on your city to add so the person who asked the question has some basis for a continued conversation.

Answer 343

Per Newton's 2nd law unless an external torque is applied to a system angular momentum (m*r^2*w or I*w) is conserved. W is omega or angular velocity. This explains ice-skater speeding up as arms are tucked and the need for vortex spoilers in jet engines.

Answer 344

Denied citizenship to African American slaves, 1857 (7-2 decision)

Answer 345

Both are forms of antisocial personality disorder. Psychopathy is a more severe form of sociopathy. Psychopaths have no conscience and form no bonds. Sociopaths may have feelings of guilt/remorse when dealing with those they are bonded with. 93% of psychopaths are in the criminal justice system.

Answer 346

A non-free person counts as 3/5 of a free person for representation, electors and taxes. Several numbers were considered. James Madison proposed 3/5.

Answer 347

Every object in a state of uniform motion will remain in that state of motion unless an external force acts on it. Also called the law of inertia. This was a conceptual leap because it is difficult to observe motion without frictional forces acting on it.

Answer 348

Speech that presents a “clear and present danger” to the security of the United States is not protected by the 1st amendment free speech, 1919. Communist distributed pamphlets during WW1 discouraging signing up for army.

Answer 349

632 AD in present day Saudi Arabia. He had 4 daughters and 3 sons, all who died in infancy except one daughter Fatimah who married Ali.

Answer 350

The temperature at a stagnation point, where all of the kinetic energy is converted into heat energy and is added to the local Static Enthalpy. (T=t+(V^2/2Cp))

Answer 351

Tampa Bay Buccaneers beat beat Kansas City Chiefs 31-9. Led by Tom Brady who won his 7th superbowl (Greatest Of All Time). He was traded this season from the Patriots. Tampa Bay had not won a Superbowl since 2003. Tom was 43 and the oldest player in the NFL.

Answer 352

Perhaps. Pressure will increase with decreased tire volume. Contact patch area will go up linearly with weight, causing volume change <<1%, but sidewall deflection may offset this. Higher pressures are recommended at higher loads to keep contact patch area the same. Bottom line, the large volume of modern tires makes them robust to changes in vehicle weight.

Answer 353

Assume 1 engine out. 35 ft to acceleration height, flown at V2. Acceleration height is normally 400 ft, but can vary by runway.

Answer 354

About 435,000 (most in Africa). A new malaria vaccine protects about 4 in 10 people.

Answer 355

400 years ago in 1619 the first ship arrived in Port Comfort, Virginia. 244 years later, the Emancipation proclamation came on Jan 1, 1863 and freed 3.5 million slaves.

Answer 356

4/3(pi)r^3

Answer 357

They are a type of derivitive which grants you the right, but not the obligation to buy or sell an underlying asset at a set price on or before a certain date.

Answer 358

A total pressure or total temperature probe surrounded by a shroud. The shroud makes the measurement less sensitive to flow angle (works with swirls +/- 25 degrees.

Answer 359

Augustus aka Octavian (Reigned during Christ's life to 27BC-14AD and battled with Marc Antony), Tiberius (14-37AD), Caligula (37-41 AD, less than 4 years till assassinated), Claudius (41-54AD - stuttering outcast, lasted through reigns of previous 4), Nero (54-68 AD son of Claudius's wife Agrippina by a previous marriage). Caligula, Claudius and Nero were all direct descendants of Marc Antony.

Answer 360

4 and only 4. Quarterback is 1. Fullbacks line up behind the QB and are larger (to block for halfback). Tailback (archaicly halfback) lines up behind full back and does a lot of ball running. A "wingback" or a "slotback" is a term for a running back who lines up behind the line of scrimmage outside the tackle or tight end. A wide receiver behind the line is a flanker, a tight end behind the line is an H-back.

Answer 361

350 million years ago during the carboniferous period, giant trees would fall and accumulate because cellulose eating bacteria would not show up for another 60 million years. The trees turned to peat, were buried and turned into 90% of the world's coal.

Answer 362

Benito Juarez, still honored with a national holiday in Mexico as a hero. He was president for 15 years. He helped publish the Plan de Ayutia, which ended Santa Anna's reign and convened a new constitutional congress in 1854.

Answer 363

Modems bring the internet to the home, routers bring it to devices. Modems have a public IP address (seen by the internet), routers assign local IP addresses. Modems create a WAN network, routers create a LAN network.

Answer 364

Einstein published 4 papers in 1905 in this order: the photoelectric effect (which subsequently won him a Nobel prize); Brownian motion (motion of microscopic particles); the special theory of relativity; and mass-energy equivalence (E=mc2).

Answer 365

Bonds that pay the interest all at once upon maturity. Thus, they are purchased at a deep discount from their face value — the difference represents the interest. Zeroes are often used by investors seeking to accumulate savings for a well-defined future need, such as college tuition.

Answer 366

99.9999% kill rate of microorganisms. Disinfection is the both effective and relatively safe to the people performing the task (similar to sanitizers). Between sanitizing and sterilizing.

Answer 367

Kilned at relatively high temps and fully modified. Starches are converted to sugar and caramelized, providing sweetness, mouth feel and head retention. Crystal, Carapils, Caravienne and Caramunich are examples.

Answer 368

DNA stores and transfers genetic information. RNA is used to transfer the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosomes to make proteins. RNA may have been the molecule used to store genetic blueprints in primitive organisms.

Answer 369

Employment termination, disability, 59 1/2, retirement and death. Also can get a loan or hardship withdrawal.

Answer 370

A cluster is a collection of multiple nodes (single entity machine or server) which communicate with each other to perform a set of operations at high rates. A typical Hadoop cluster includes a single master (or captain) node (job tracker, task tracker and name node) and multiple worker (or slave) nodes which process or store data.

Answer 371

WW1 ended and a massive flu epidemic killed 20 to 40 million people worldwide. More than died in the war.

Answer 372

Hostages (old people, children, wives, etc.) we taken and were not released until kilos of rubber were brought back.

Answer 373

President Obama said they are 5 times more likely to be poor and commit crimes, 9 times more likely to drop out of school and 20 times more likely to be incarcerated.

Answer 374

Maximum structural cruising speed

Answer 375

The English owned most land and produced enough food in Ireland (wheat, cattle, sheep, etc) to feed all the people. Bui it was exported. Food donated (by the US for instance) was not given away, but sold to the Irish who had no money.

Answer 376

9. 4 Republican, 5 Democrat.

Answer 377

Same-sex marriage is legalized across all 50 states, 2015 (5-4 decision)

Answer 378

A monetarily sovereign nation (US, Canada, China, Japan) have their own currency and can print/manipulate it as they choose. They cannot go bankrupt unless they choose. Members of the EU are monetarily non-sovereign. Thus PIIGS were subject to bankruptcy. Currency generation is constrained only by inflation.

Answer 379

Tyrannosaurus. Ankylosaurs also present.

Answer 380

TSFC/(√ Θ)

Answer 381

Income statement (P and L), cash flow statement, balance sheet

Answer 382

Established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review over Congress, 1803 (4-0 decision)

Answer 383

Force equals mass times acceleration F=ma. This law actually implies the first law, because 0 force makes 0 acceleration, implying constant velocity. In summary, all the laws boil down to F=ma.

Answer 384

Mass, momentum, and energy of a fluid (but neglect effects of air viscosity). Bernoulli's student, Leonard Euler. Bernoulli's only conserves energy. Navier-Stokes considers viscosity.

Answer 385

Vulcan was a planet between the sun and Mercury that was "required to exist" per Newtonian physics to explain the wobble in Mercury's orbit. Many sightings of the imaginary planet were made in the early 1900's. Einstein's general theory of relativity in 1915 explained the orbit because the sun would bend light twice as much as Newtonian physics predicted.

Answer 386

Son Jochi - Golden Horde of Russia, Son Chaghatai Moghul emprie of India, Grandson Kubilai - Yuan Dynasty of China, Grandson Hulegu (Kubilai's brother) Ilkhanate Persia and Iraq

Answer 387

Doug Ducey, (Republican). Elected twice - Jan 5, 2015-Jan 5, 2023. Treasurer from 2011-2015 CEO of Cold Stone Creamery previously (sold in 2007).

Answer 388

1953, 2003.

Answer 389

Operating cash flow minus capital expenditures. Free cash flow (FCF) represents the cash that a company is able to generate after laying out the money required to maintain or expand its asset base.

Answer 390

"all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside" 1868- one of the reconstruction amendments. Intended to insure blacks were not denied citizenship (override Dred Scott 1857).

Answer 391

When testing tensile specimens, engineering stress is based on the initial area of the specimen, actual stress uses the actual area of the specimen (which will vary from initial stress as it deforms).

Answer 392

Electrons flow from negative to positive, although the sign convention for current is unfortunately + to - (from Ben Franklin)

Answer 393

Alboran, Balearic, Ligurian, Tyrrhenian, Ionian, Adriatic, Aegean

Answer 394

Maldives (former British Colony). Average height of 5 feet, maximum of 8. Predicted to be uninhabitable by 2100.

Answer 395

Greenland's ice sheet is currently the single largest driver of sea level rise globally, it holds enough water to raise global sea levels by 24 feet. Currently, it's melting seven times faster than it was in 1992, due to heat from above and warm ocean currents below.

Answer 396

Place during the siege of the Alamo (March 2, 1836) that the Texas Declaration of Independence was signed. Capitol of Texas 1842-1845. Railroad bypassed it in the 1850s (river traffic no longer needed) and Civil War strife didn't help, so it was abandoned.

Answer 397

First two caliphs murdered. Fighting between Sunni's and Shia's broke out and Ali was elected 4th caliph. War erupted when Ali became caliph, and he too was killed in fighting in the year 661 near the town of Kufa, now in present-day Iraq. The violence and war split the small community of Muslims into two branches that would never reunite. Shia's regard Ali as the first Caliph, the previous 3 were pretenders.

Answer 398

"Corrupting the Youth" and "Not believing in the Gods". Convicted to death and drank poison Hemlock to kill himself.

Answer 399

Newly formed Delta force chopper pilots not used to sand, specifically a haboob. After the 8 choppers were reduced to 5 by sand, the mission scrubbed. During movement of a chopper, pilot got vertigo in the sand and landed on a C-130, exploding.

Answer 400

Goal is for working capital to grow slower than revenue. Working capital turnover=Sales/Working capital - often analyzed as average over 1 year period (13 turns)

Answer 401

Illegal immigrants are in defiance of the "jurisdiction of the United States". The clause cannot be superfluous - it was intended to insure that citizens owed no allegiance to a foreign country. The Supreme Court has never interpreted the clause to mean illegal aliens have birthright citizenship.

Answer 402

The star may explode in a supernova and turn into a black hole or neutron star.

Answer 403

Johnson had Lincoln's moderate policies on Reconstruction (quick readmission of states - Democratic views). Radical republican congress enacted harsh military reconstruction & passed Tenure of Office act (preventing POTUS firing his appointees which had been approved by senate) to keep secretary of war Stanton (a radical republican) in office and enforcing military districts. Johnson fired him without congressional approval.

Answer 404

The rate of momentum diffusivity divided by thermal diffusivity. Gases typically are about 1 (momentum and thermal diffusivity match), liquid metals <<1 because heat conduction (thermal diffusivity) is more significant compared to heat convection (momentum diffusivity). Oils have high convection and low conduction (between 100 and 40000 for engine oil).

Answer 405

Janes Monroe basically read Secretary of State John Quincy Adams words verbatim - to become the Monroe Doctrine ((1822). The United States would not accept the recolonization of any country by its former European master, though he also avowed non-interference with existing European colonies in the Americas. Also said the western hemisphere was not open to new colonization (a jab at Russia).

Answer 406

Total pressure is stagnation pressure plus a head term (density*g*h). Since total pressure represents the energy in a moving fluid, it is useful in looking at piping of liquids (losses cause reduction of total pressure, pumps increase it). In aviation, the head term is not significant (for gases), so often they are referred to as the same.

Answer 407

LA Dodgers and LA Lakers

Answer 408

The Constitution protects desecration of the flag as a form of symbolic speech, 1989.

Answer 409

United States, Liberia and Myanmar

Answer 410

Phanerozoic

Answer 411

Pilot can move (trim) the entire stabilizer to equalize forces on the yoke (Level the aircraft) to compensate for flight conditions, balance, etc. He then maneuvers with the yoke which controls the stabilizer.

Answer 412

1900 Galveston Hurricane 6,000-12,000 deaths (8000 frequently sited, 8-16 foot storm tides completely covered the island. 1" of mercury drop raises sea level 1 foot (2.5 feet in this case). The biggest factor is winds traveling across a clear space (fetch) makes tides high.

Answer 413

True airspeed corrected for wind.

Answer 414

In 1974, Turkey occupied the northern end of the Island, then in 1984 declared it was it's own country. The rest of the world does not recognize it, the United Nations says Cyprus owns the whole island, it is a country that doesn't exist.

Answer 415

Free (valence) electrons in the outer shell of a conductor atom flow from atom to atom randomly. When a voltage (potential difference) is applied, the flow becomes less random (moves in 1 direction). When electrons collide with atoms it creates electrical resistance.

Answer 416

14 of the Last 18.

Answer 417

US split phase (240V/120V) transformers have 2 coils. On one end is L1, in the center of the two is neutral and the other end is L2. Voltage is 120V between L1 or L2 and N and 240V between L1 and L2. When pulling identical amperage from L1 and L2 (two out of phase 120V circuits), the returning electrons traverse the neutral rail in the circuit box without returning along the neutal wire to the transformer. Otherwise, the difference in amperage travels too the transformer through the neutral wire. A 240V circuit will draw the same L1 & L2, so neutral not required.

Answer 418

More than 1000

Answer 419

A knot is 1 nautical mile per1 second. A nautical mile is 1 minute of arc of the distance around the earth on a meridian (1 minute of latitude) – a ship traveling on a longitudinal meridian at 1 knot will travel around the world in 21600 hours. 1.151 mph. Term comes from measuring with a floating board tied to a rope with knots - after a certain time behind the boat the knots were counted for speed.

Answer 420

A rod (surveyors rod) is 1/4 chain 5.5 yards, a chain (surveryors' chain) is 66 feet (1/80 a mile), furlong is 660 feet (1/8 mile), acre is 66x660 (43560 sq ft), a section is 640 acres, which is a square mile. 40 acres has a perimeter of a mile, when square.

Answer 421

$60 million per day - bigger than General Motors

Answer 422

2 years for House, 6 years for Senate (staggered over even years so when all representatives are being elected, only a third the senate is changing)

Answer 423

Bonds that will be repaid only after the repayment of more senior debt. Since they are riskier, they pay a higher interest rate.

Answer 424

An ancient sailing vessel with 3 rows of oars on a side (one above the other, only the top row could see the oars/water). There was no extra room, so frequent shore stops were required to eat, pee and sleep. The wood was light, so it would get waterlogged, therefore had to be pulled on shore every night. Typically, the boats would row alongside an army marching on the shore (of the Mediterranean for instance).

Answer 425

A gallon can take one passenger about 80 miles.

Answer 426

V^2/2+gh+p/ρ=constant

Answer 427

Can also be stated as Revenue -Variable Costs. This is the margin you should expect to convert to operating income on any new volume sold. May also be expressed as a percent of Revenue.

Answer 428

Bonds mainly issued by corporations and municipalities whose principal may be repaid to the investor at specified times before stated maturity. A bond is likely to be called if interest rates go down below the level at the time of issuance

Answer 429

Josef Mengele. Had doctorate in anthropology and medicine. Responsible for sending tens of thousands to gas chamber and for performing experiments where patients were killed and dissected afterwards. Fled Germany in 1949 and lived in South America (Argentina/Paraguay/Brazil) till he had a stroke while swimming off the coast of Brazil and drowned in 1979. Never caught.

Answer 430

Abbreviation for id est “in other words”. Memory jogger “In Essence”. E.G is Exempli Gratia abbreviated and means “for example”. Memory jogger “Example”

Answer 431

1.1C since the late 18th century, do to exponentially increasing CO2 levels.

Answer 432

A lbm is accelerated by a lbf at 32.2 ft/sec. A slug is accelerated by a lbf at 1 ft/sec, so a slug weighs 32.2 lbm. A kg is the equivalent of a slug (a Newton is 1 kg-m/sec2, a slug is 1 lbm-ft/sec2), so there are 14.6 kg in a slug.

Answer 433

Feb 14, 1912 - 48th state.

Answer 434

Velocity Max Operation (Similar to MMO, but a structural (not aero) limit. Exceeding VMO/MMO means you have entered the peripheral flight envelope)

Answer 435

Chimpanzees and bonobos. Bonobos south of the Congo River (world’s deepest river) in the DRC, Chimpanzees widely dispersed North of the Congo. Theory is that when the river was low about 1 Mya, some brave chimpanzees crossed and were forever separated. Bonobos are smaller and more peaceful than chimps.

Answer 436

65%, 85%, 95% 100%

Answer 437

The climb (or descent) performance with the aircraft in the enroute configuration with the critical power unit inoperative—and the critical two power units inoperative in the case of aircraft having three or more power units.

Answer 438

Incitement of insurrection after the capital was stormed.

Answer 439

Revenue. Revenue is the total amount of income from the sale of products or services associated with the company's main business function.

Answer 440

Most policies designed to lower inflation tend to make it tougher for the unemployed, and policies designed to ease unemployment raise inflation.

Answer 441

Both seek to make equality without classes. In socialism, workers earn wages, which they spend as they chose, but government owns the means of production and distribution. Communism is a branch of socialism and adds a totalitarian government on top of socialist principles. The working class owns everything and everything is distributed on need (without wages). Everyone works towards a communal goal. In neither system, does working harder get rewarded.

Answer 442

A set of 10 equations from the general theory of relativity (1915) that describe the fundamental interaction of gravitation as a result of space-time being curved by mass and energy.

Answer 443

Women have a constitutional right to an abortion during the first two trimesters, 1973 (7-2 decision)

Answer 444

Low level review of documents and files, carried out throughout the development process, to determine if the product is being built right (according to specifications, regulations or requirements). Often and internal process.

Answer 445

The 1815 eruption of Tambora (30 times smaller than Toba) on Indonesia caused 1816 to be the year without summer.

Answer 446

LF502, JT15D, CF6 and GEnx-2B - none have hidden cores.

Answer 447

300 million. 50 million cases a year in 1948 when WHO formed. Eradicated by 1980

Answer 448

1 in 10 barrels

Answer 449

By infected feces entering the mouth through drinking or aspiration. Usually from pond’s or swimming pools before chlorine

Answer 450

The speed at sea level that would produce the same incompressible dynamic pressure as the true airspeed at the given altitude. Used for structural analysis. Aerodynamic forces and moments on an aircraft are proportional to equivalent airspeed squared.