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chemistry y9 > 9F > Flashcards

9F Flashcards

1
Q

What is a physical change

A 
a change in which no new substances are formed
e.g 
changes in colour
changes in temp.
changes of state
freezing
melting 
boiling
condensing
EASY TO REVERSE
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2
Q

What are chemical reactions

A 
a change in which 1 or more new substances are formed.
atoms in reactants rearrange
NOT REVERSIBLE
eg.
Combustion 
neutralisation
thermal decomposition
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3
Q

What is the particle theory

A

a theory used to explain the different properties and observations of solids liquids. and gases

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4
Q

What are three ways of increasing pressure

A
  1. Increasing number of the gas particles (more hit surface)
  2. decrease size of container (hi t more often)
  3. increase temp. ( move faster=hit more often)
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5
Q

what is the reactivity series

A

list of metals in order of reactivity with the most reactive at the top

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6
Q

what is meant by a metal being reactive

A

a substance that reacts with many other substances or reacts easily

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7
Q

acronym reactivity series

A

please stop laughing Carlos, my aunt Zelda is trying leggings, coats, Mediterranean slippers, great prize!

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8
Q

order of reactivity

A
  1. potassium
  2. sodium
  3. lithium
  4. calcium
  5. magnesium
  6. aluminium
  7. zinc
  8. iron
  9. tin
  10. lead
  11. copper
  12. magnesium
  13. silver
  14. gold
  15. platinum
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9
Q

reaction with o2

A 
1-fire
2-fire
3-fire
4-fire
5-fire
6-reacts very quickly 
7-reacts quickly 
8-reacts quickly 
9-recats
10-reacts
11-reacts
12-slow/partial reaction 
13-slow/partial reaction
14-no reaction
15-no reaction
513322
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10
Q

reaction with water

A
  1. fire
    2.reacts very quickly
    3.reacts quickly
    4.reacts quickly
    5.reacts
    6.slow/partial reaction
  2. slow/partial reaction
  3. slow/partial reaction
  4. slow/partial reaction
  5. slow/partial reaction
    11.no reaction
    12.no reaction
    13.no reaction
    14.no reaction
    15.no reaction
    13155
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11
Q

reaction with dilute acid

A

1.explosion
2.explosion
3.reacts very quickly
4.reacts very quickly
5.reacts quickly
6.reacts quickly
7.reacts quickly
8.reacts
9.reacts
10.reacts
11.no reaction
12.no reaction
13.no reaction
14.no reaction
15.no reaction
22335

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12
Q

reaction equations

A

metal+water- metal hydroxide+hydrogen
meta+oxygen- metal oxide (oxidation)
metal+dilute acid- salt+hydrogen

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13
Q

what is a displacement reaction

A

a reaction where a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound

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14
Q

what is the thermite reaction

A

the displacement reaction between iron and aluminium which releases a huge amount of exothermic energy but requires the initial input from a splint.
ALUMINIUM+IRON OXIDE - ALUMINIUM OXIDE+IRON

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15
Q

storing of metals underground

A

most occur in compounds in ores
only gold/silver in native state
zinc upwards must be extracted from ores by. ELECTROLYSIS
zinc downwards use carbon as reducing agent
REDUCTION=loss of O2 opposite of oxidation

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16
Q

what is electrolysis

A

the passing of electricity through molten metal compound
transfers energy o compound and split its up
ALUMINIUM OXIDE - ALUMINIUM+OXYGEN

17
Q

what is. needed for iron (steel) to rust

A
  1. air-oxygen

2. water

18
Q

how does salt affect rusting

A

speeds up process-catalyst

19
Q

how can rusting be prevented

A 
1. physical barrier 
eg
paint 
oil
2.Sacrificial protection
20
Q

what is sacrificial protection

A

blocks of a more reactive. metal attached on top so that it reacts with the surroundings instead of the iron
EXPENSIVE
CONSTSANT REPLEACEMENT

21
Q

what is an oxidising agent

A

a substance that provides oxygen to oxidise a substance.

22
Q

what is the test for o2

A

glowing splint-if relights-o2 present

23
Q

exothermic vs endothermic reactions

A

exothermic-energy stored is transferred into surroundings (surrounding get hotter)
endothermic-.energy absorbed by reactants from surroundings (surroundings colder)

24
Q

what is a HYDROCARBON

A

a substance made out of hydrogen and carbon atoms only.

chemistry y9 (1 decks)

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