9B-photosynthesis

Question 1

photosynthesis

Answer 1

A process that plants use to make their own food

Question 2

photosynthesis equation

Answer 2

Carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen

CO2+H2O-C6H12O6+O2

Question 3

What is chlorophyll?

Answer 3

green pigment found in chloroplast

Question 4

where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 4

Chloroplast In mesophyll layers in leaves

Question 5

What are the limiting factors of photosynthesis?

Answer 5

light intensity
carbon dioxide concentrations
temperature

Question 6

What is aerobic respiration?

Answer 6

Aerobic respiration uses oxygen from the air to release energy

Question 7

what is the equation for respiration?

Answer 7

glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

Question 8

What is a xylem vessel?

Answer 8

1. carries water and minerals
2. only up
3. no end walls
4. dead outer cells

Question 9

what is a phloem vessel?

Answer 9

1. carries sugars such as glucose and sucrose
2. two away movement
3. end walls
4. living outer cells but need support

Question 10

How are roots adapted?

Answer 10

root hair cells increase overall surfaces area

Question 11

water transportation

Answer 11

roots-stem-leaves

Question 12

structure of plant

Answer 12

waxy cuticle
upper epidermis
palisade mesophyll layer
spongy mesophyll layer
lower epidermis
guard cells

Question 13

stomata

Answer 13

Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which oxygen and carbon dioxide can move

Question 14

guard cells swollen or shrunken

Answer 14

when light-swollen=OPEN STOMA

when dark-shrunken=CLOSE STOMA

Question 15

lipids and its uses

Answer 15

waxy cuticle- make it waterproof
make cell membranes
found in seed storage

Question 16

Carbohydrates and its uses

Answer 16

GLUCOSE MOLECULES
stored as starch polymer
used to make cellulose
test for starch-IODINE SOLUTION (it will turn the orange solution into blue/black

Question 17

proteins and its uses

Answer 17

proteins = large chain of amino acids
GLUCOSE+NITRATES-PROTEINS
enzymes-proteins
seeds contain store

Question 18

what can be made from glucose?

Answer 18

STARCH
LIPIDS
CELLULOSE
PROTEIN

Question 19

What is protein synthesis?

Answer 19

the process of making proteins using DNA

Question 20

Germination

Answer 20

the sprouting of a seed

Question 21

what is needed for germination?

Answer 21

WOW
water
oxygen
warmth

Question 22

How does germination occur?

Answer 22

1. water and oxygen enters
2. entry of water allows molecules to allow reactions to occur-release enzymes
3. enzymes break down starch and work faster with warmth
4. glucose enters. embryo allowing it to respire and grow

Question 23

what is meant by yield?

Answer 23

the amount of useful product that is obtained from a crop

Question 24

How to get the maximum yield

Answer 24

1. Irrigation
2. fertiliser
3. use of. machines-saw seeds
4. pesticides?

Question 25

What are fertilisers?

Answer 25

substances containing essential nutrients to enhance crop production

Question 26

what is a natural fertiliser?

Answer 26

compost/manure | decomposers break down and releasee mineral salts

Question 27

what do artificial fertilisers include?

Answer 27

nitrates phosphates potassium REMEMBER:cheap, effective

Question 28

what is a pest?

Answer 28

An organism that damages crops

Question 29

What is a pesticide?

Answer 29

chemical that kills pests

Question 30

what is an insecticide?

Answer 30

a chemical used to kill insects

Question 31

What is a herbicide?

Answer 31

a chemical that kills weeds | SELECTIVE-only kills broad- leaved plants

Question 32

What is a weed?

Answer 32

plant that is growing out of place or an unwanted plant

Question 33

What is eutrophication?

Answer 33

excessive richness of nutrients in a lake or other body of water, frequently due to runoff from the land, which causes a dense growth of plant life and death of animal life from lack of oxygen.

Question 34

How does eutrophication occur?

Answer 34

1. fertiliser is sprayed onto crops 2. fertiliser dissolves into ground by water 3. Rain washes it down to lake 4. growth of large amount. omg algae on surface 5. algae block sunlight-plants in bottom of lake die (no photosynthesis) 6. Algae on surface dies and sinks 7. decomposers decompose while crying out respiration 8. fish die due to lack of O2

Question 35

What are the negative effects of pesticides

Answer 35

Interference in food chains bad for biodiversity bad for pollination-death of insects BIOACCUMULATION/BIOMAGNIFICATION (the building up of pesticides along food chain) PERSISTENT- don't break down in environment

Question 36

What is variety?

Answer 36

A group of plants bred to have similar traits.

Question 37

what is cross breeding?

Answer 37

the breeding of different varieties to produce offspring having best characteristics from each (hopefully)

Question 38

What is selective breeding?

Answer 38

When humans artificially select the plants that are going to breed so that the genes for particular characteristics remain in the population

Question 39

negatives of varieties

Answer 39

identical crops reduce biodiversity disease spreading

Question 40

What is the carbon cycle?

Answer 40

1. respiration eg. trees 2. Photosynthesis 3. combustion 4. Consumption 5. death 6. decomposition 7. mining

Question 41

combustion

Answer 41

fuel+O2-CO2+H2O

Question 42

consumers

Answer 42

prey eaten by predator that moves carbon along food chain

Question 43

death and decay

Answer 43

dead biodegradable matter decomposed by bacteria and fungi and releases carbon into atoms.