9.4 Assimilation

Question 1

Role of circulatory system in assimilation

Describe the role of blood circulatory system in assimilation

Answer 1

blood capillaries in the small intestine combine to form the hepatic portal vein that transports blood containing nutrients to the liver to be assimilated.

Question 2

Role of circulatory system in assimilation

Describe the role of lymphatic system in assimilation

Answer 2

• Lacteals combine to form bigger lymph vessels in the lymphatic system.
• The content of the lymph vessels enters the thoracic duct that flows into the left subclavian vein.
• Lipid in transported by blood through the body

Question 3

Assimilation process in the liver

Amino acid is used to..

Answer 3

• synthesise plasma protein & enzymes
• convert to glucose when glucose supply is insufficient

Question 4

Assimilation process in the liver

what happens to excess amino acid?

Answer 4

• cannot be stored in the body
• broken down through deamination process to form urea which is expelled

Question 5

Assimilation process in the liver

Glucose is used for..

Answer 5

cellular respiration when required by the body

Question 6

Assimilation process in the liver

Excess glucose is..

Answer 6

• converted to glycogen & stored in the liver
• when glycogen supply reaches maximum level, excess glucose is converted to fats

Question 7

Assimilation process in the liver

glycogen is converted to glucose when..

Answer 7

glucose level in the blood decreases & the body needs energy

Question 8

Assimilation process in the cells

Amino acids are used to..

Answer 8

• synthesise new protoplasm, hormones & enzymes
• repair damaged tissues

Question 9

Assimilation process in the cells

Energy, water and carbon dioxide is released when..

Answer 9

glucose is oxidised through cellular respiration

Question 10

Assimilation process in the cells

energy from glucose is used for..

Answer 10

cell processes, such as protein synthesis

Question 11

Assimilation process in the cells

excess glucose is..

Answer 11

kept as glycogen in muscles

Question 12

Assimilation process in the cells

Lipids are used as..

Answer 12

• primary components that build the plasma membrane
• fat is oxidised to release energy when there is insufficient glucose

Question 13

Assimilation process in the cells

what happens to excess fats?

Answer 13

kept in adipose tissue (underneath skin) as stored energy

Question 14

functions of liver in assimilation of digested food

Answer 14

• metabolism of digested food
• detoxification
• storage of nutrients