9.2 Rocks And Minerals

Question 1

An inorganic element that is essential to the functioning of the human body and is obtained from foods

Answer 1

Minerals

Question 2

The outermost layer of the Earth includes the crust and uppermost part of the mantle(between the core and crust).

Answer 2

Lithosphere

Question 3

A very hot mixture of molten rock and gases, just below the Earth’s surface, that has come from the mantle.

Answer 3

Magma

Question 4

material broken down by weathering and erosion that is moved by wind or water and collects in layers

Answer 4

Sediments

Question 5

Elements found uncombined in the Earth’s crust

Answer 5

Native Elements

Question 6

Geometrically-shaped substance made up of atoms and molecules arranged in one of seven different shapes. The elements that make up a crystal and the conditions present during the crystal’s growth determine the arrangement of atoms and molecules and the shape of the crystals.

Answer 6

Crystals

Question 7

The appearance of a mineral caused by the way it reflects light. A mineral can appear glassy, waxy, metallic, dull, pearly, silky or brilliant.

Answer 7

Lustre

Question 8

Colour of a mineral as a fine powder, found by rubbing it onto an unglazed white ceramic tile.

Answer 8

Streak

Question 9

A measure of how difficult it is to scratch the surface of a solid material. The hardness rating of a mineral is determined by comparison with ten standard minerals. Diamond has a hardness rating of 10 and can scratch other minerals with a lower hardness rating.

Answer 9

Hardness