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Physics > 9.1 Waves > Flashcards

9.1 Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Wavelength unit

A

metres, m

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2
Q

Frequency unit

A

Hertz, Hz

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3
Q

Time period unit

A

Seconds, s

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4
Q

Wavespeed unit

A

Metres per second, m/s

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5
Q

What do waves transfer?

A

Waves transfer energy

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6
Q

What dont waves transfer?

A

They dont transfer matter

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7
Q

What do waves travel through?

A

Waves travel through a medium. Each part will oscillate about an equilibrium position

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8
Q

What is special about electromagnetic waves?

A

Light does nit require a medium

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9
Q

What is the speed of light?

A

300,000,000 m/s

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10
Q

What is a longitudinal wave?

A

The medium oscillates parallel to the direction of energy transfer

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11
Q

What is an example of a longitudinal wave?

A

Sound waves

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12
Q

What is a transverse wave?

A

The medium oscillates perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

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13
Q

Transverse wave example

A

Light

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14
Q

What is wavelength?

A

The distance from one point in a wave to the same point on the next

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15
Q

What is the time period?

A

The time for a wave to complete one cycle

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16
Q

What is frequency?

A

The number of waves produced per second

17
Q

What is amplitude?

A

The maximum displacement of the medium from equilibrium position

18
Q

What is compression?

A

The hugh pressuere area, where the medium is pushed together

19
Q

What is rarefaction?

A

Medium is spread out in a longitudinal wave

20
Q

Equation that links time period to frequency

A

T= 1/ f

f= 1/T

21
Q

Equation that links frequency to wavelength to wave speed

A

Wavespeed= frequency x wavelength

22
Q

Difference between T and f

A

T= time for each wave, f= number of waves fer second in Hz

23
Q

What determines the volume of a wave?

A

The amplitude of a sound wave determines the volume, taller the louder

24
Q

What determines the pitch of a sound?

A

The frequency of a sound wave determines thw pitch, more frequent the higher

25
Q

What is the sppeed of sound in air?

A

330 m/s

26
Q

What is the human audiable range?

A

20- 20000Hz

27
Q

What is the name for above the audible range.

A

Ultrasound

28
Q

What is the name for below the audible range

A

Infra sound

29
Q

What matter does sound travel fastest in ?

A

Solid, than liquid than gas

30
Q

How does a transmitter and reciever use an uktra sound.

A
  • ultrasound wave sent by transmitter
  • reciever listens for returning sound waves.
  • time to echo and the speed kf sound in the mother used to calculate the total distance travelled by sound.
    The distance is halved to find the location of baby
31
Q

What is better ulta sound kr x rays.

A

Ultra sound is not ionising so is safer, but the image is low definition and less clear than an xray

32
Q

What is the electro magnetic spectrum?

A

Radiowaves
Microwaves
Infrared radiation
Visible light
Ultra violet
X-rays
Gamma waves

33
Q

Use of inrared waves?

A

used to transfer thermal energy to grill food

34
Q

Use of ultra violet light

A

Absorbed by skin, too much exposure spcauses sunburn,
Can be absorbed by bacteris to sterilise equipment,
Absorbed by fluorescent ink in security tagging

35
Q

Use of an xray

A

Transmits through soft tissue, but absorbed by bone to produce a medical image(absorbed by protective lead apron)
Can be absorbed by DNA ionising it, risks of cancer

36
Q

What is the doppler effect?

A

The doppler effect is the apparent shift in wavelength/ frequency of waves from a source moving relative to an observer

37
Q

What happens as source moves towards an observer

A

Sound shifts to high pitched, light appears to blue shift

38
Q

What happens as source mives away from observer

A

Light red shufts, sound shifts to a lower pitch

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