9.1 Gene Mutation Flashcards
What ia gene mutation?
changes in the arrangement of bases in a gene
Types of gene mutation - 3 points
- insertion
- deletion
- substitution
What happens during insertion gene mutation?
a base is added to the DNA sequence
What does insertion in gene mutation cause?
A frame shift
What happens in deletion in gene mutation?
a base is deleted/removed from the DNA sequence
What does deletion in gene mutation cause?
A frame shift
What happens in substitution in gene mutation?
A base is replaces correctly/incorrectly
Which form of gene mutation does not necesarily cause much change?
substitution
Which forms of gene mutation causes the most change/frame shift?
- deletion
- insertion
What is chromosomal mutation?
changes in the structure/number of whole chromosomes
What are the types of chromosomal mutations?
- duplication
- deletion
- inversion
- translocation
What happens in duplication in chromosomal mutation?
extra copies of a gene is produced/generated
What happens in deletion in chromosomal mutation?
a gene is removed
What happens in inversion in chromosomal mutation?
genes are reversed
What happens in translocation in chromosomal mutation?
genes are swapped between two chromosomes
