9. The Behavioural Approach To Explaining Phobias AO3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Name two limitations of the two process model

A
  • Not all bad experiences lead to phobias

- There are alternative explanations for avoidance behaviour

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2
Q

Explain how not all bad experiences lead to phobias

A

Sometimes phobias do appear following a bad experience - easy to see how they could be the results of conditioning - but some people have bad experiences and don’t develop a phobia

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3
Q

What does the theory of not all experienced leading to phobias suggest

A

Conditioning alone cannot explain phobias - they may only develop where a vulnerability exists

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4
Q

Explain an alternative explanation for avoidance behaviour

A

In more complex behaviour e.g. Agoraphobia - evidence that at least some avoidance behaviour is motivated more by positive feelings or safety - explains why some suffers are able to leave their house with trusted friend with relatively little anxiety - but can’t do it alone

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5
Q

Why is the alternative explanation of avoidance behaviour an issue for the two process model

A

Suggests avoidance is motivated by anxiety reduction

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6
Q

Name a strength of the two process model and briefly explain it

A

Has good explanatory power - two process model went beyond Watson and Rayner’s simple classical conditioning explanation of phobias

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7
Q

Explain the explanatory power of the two process model

A

Has Important implications for therapy - if patient is prevented from practicing avoidance behaviour - phobic behaviour declines

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8
Q

What is therefore the main strength about the explanatory power of the two process model

A

Useful application to therapy

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