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BI 282 > 9: Prokaryotic DNA Transcription > Flashcards

9: Prokaryotic DNA Transcription Flashcards

1
Q

What kind of experiment shows where RNA or other proteins move in a cell?

A

A pulse-chase experiment

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2
Q

In what direction is new mRNA synthesized?

A

5’ to 3’

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3
Q

What are the building blocks of RNA?

A

NTPs (nucleoside triphosphates GTP, CTP, UTP, ATP)

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4
Q

Does RNA polymerase need a primer to melt and unwind DNA?

A

No

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5
Q

What is the first step in prokaryotic transcription?

A

RNA polymerase binds DNA

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6
Q

Prokaryotic transcription: what happens after RNA polymerase binds the DNA?

A

RNA polyermase melts the DNA

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7
Q

When RNA polymerase melts DNA, what is created?

A

A transcription bubble

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8
Q

How does prokaryotic transcription end?

A

RNA polymerase eventually falls off of the DNA. DNA closes and RNA floats away

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9
Q

Is RNA pol processive (transcribes thousands of base pairs without falling off)?

A

Yes

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10
Q

Does RNA polymerase have exonuclease activity (proofreading)?

A

No

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11
Q

Where does RNA polymerase bind and start transcription?

A

The promoter sequence

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12
Q

What are the -35 and -10 regions?

A

Consensus sequences with similar basepairs that the RNA polymerase binds well

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13
Q

What is the +1 site in prokaryotic DNA?

A

The transcription start site, where the first nucleotide is transcribed

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14
Q

Is the consensus sequence sufficient for transcription?

A

Yes

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15
Q

Can transcription occur without the -35 sequence, -10 sequence, and the correct distance dividing them?

A

No

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16
Q

What points RNA polymerase in the correct direction for prokaryotic transcription?

A

Asymmetry of the promoter

17
Q

Is one prokaryotic promoter enough to transcribe multiple genes?

A

No - each gene has its own promoter

18
Q

Is the promoter upstream or downstream of the transcription start site?

A

Upstream

19
Q

What happens to transcription when a promoter matches the consensus sequence well?

A

Transcription increases because RNA polymerase binds better

20
Q

Does only one RNA polymerase act on a gene at a given time?

A

No, multiple RNA polymerases can act on a gene at the same time.

21
Q

What kind of mutation occurs when deleting the -35 region?

A

Null

22
Q

What kind of mutation occurs when making the promoter less similar to the consensus sequence?

A

Hypomorph

23
Q

What kind of mutation occurs when making the promoter more similar to the consensus sequence?

A

Hypermorph

24
Q

Can a DNA sequence be a promoter if an RNA strand of any length is synthesized?

A

Yes - even if it is shorter than predicted - because there may have been a terminator

25
Q

Do promoters encode amino acids?

A

No

BI 282 (3 decks)

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