9 mitosis, meiosis, cell cycle

Question 1

diploid

Answer 1

full complement of chromosome

Question 2

mitosis formal

Answer 2

process of replication of genetic material in nucleus identical to parent cell

Question 3

interphase

Answer 3

G1 phase where growth happens
s phase where chromatin replicate into sister chromatids
G2 phase grows more

Question 4

centromere

Answer 4

two sister chromatids connected at middle with centromere

Question 5

centrosomes

Answer 5

hold centrioles, replicate during s phase

Question 6

chromatin

Answer 6

unwound dna before becomes chromosome in interphase

Question 7

prophase

Answer 7

early mitotic spindle and sister chromatids

Question 8

metaphase

Answer 8

meet in middle

Question 9

anaphase

Answer 9

pull apart

- when sister chromatids seperate, become chromosomes

Question 10

telophase

Answer 10

• nuclear membrane starts forming cleavage

- divide forms in plasma membrane

Question 11

unicellular

Answer 11

generate complete new organism

Question 12

metazoans

Answer 12

many cell divisions required to generate new organism from fertilized egg

Question 13

meiosis

Answer 13

genetic division to produce daughter cells with half hereditary found in parent cell

• production of gametes
• sexual reproduction and genetic inheritance

Question 14

mitosis vs meiosis

Answer 14

mitosis
- homologs line up independently
- each cell gets same genes
meiosis
homologs line in pairs
positioning and allocation is random

Question 15

chiasma

Answer 15

cross over of genes between paternal and maternal homolog happens in prophase 1

Question 16

meiosis

Answer 16

• germ cell (diploid cells 46 chromosomes) splits into halploid cell in meiosis 1
• -> 23 pairs are split into single
• the haploids split into two making 4 total haploids in meiosis 2
• p1,m1,a1,t1, p2,a2,t2
• homologus pairs being pulled apart not sister chromatid

Question 17

somatic cells

Answer 17

everything but reproductive cells go through mitosis