9: Concepts of Care for Perioperative Patients Study Guide Flashcards
Which statements best describe the preoperative period when a client is being prepared for surgery? Select all that apply.
a. It begins when the client makes an appointment with a surgeon to discuss the need for surgery.
b. It ends when the client is transferred to the surgical suite.
c. It is a time during which a client’s need for surgery is established.
d. During this time, the client receives testing and education related to the impending surgery.
e. It begins when the client is scheduled for surgery.
f. It is a time when clients and families receive instruction for after discharge.
B, D, E
The preoperative period begins when the client is scheduled for surgery and ends at the time of transfer to the surgical suite. During this period, the client receives preparatory education, as well as testing to establish a baseline and correct any abnormalities.
Which is the most important priority for nurses when caring for a client preoperatively?
a. Client safety
b. Client diagnostic testing
c. Client care documentation
d. Client teaching
A
While all of these concerns are important when caring for a preoperative client, the priority concern is client safety. This is true throughout the preoperative (before, during, and after) period to protect clients against mistakes.
What are the advantages for clients whose surgery is accomplished in a same-day surgery center (outpatient surgery center)? Select all that apply.
a. Cost-effective care
b. Increased post-surgery responsibility for client
c. Decreased need for anesthesia
d. High degree of client satisfaction
e. Service-oriented processes
f. Case manager to coordinate post-discharge care
A, D, E, F
Advantages of same-day (outpatient) surgery centers include cost-effective care, service-oriented processes, and a high degree of client satisfaction. A case manager is used to coordinate post-discharge care for the client to ensure follow-up treatments and avoid postoperative hospital admission. Anesthesia is still needed for most surgical procedures, and increased client responsibility after the procedure would likely be considered a disadvantage of this type of surgery.
What is the most appropriate category of surgery for a client who can barely ambulate with a walker at home, who is having a left total knee replacement?
a. Urgent
b. Palliative
c. Reconstructive
d. Simple
C
Reconstructive surgery is performed on abnormal or damaged body structures to improve functional ability. Examples include hip and knee replacements.
What is the best classification for the surgery when a female client has a biopsy of a nodule found in the right breast?
a.Cosmetic
b. Diagnostic
c. Minor
d. Palliative
B
Diagnostic surgery is performed to determine the origin and cause for a disorder by taking a tissue sample with the intention of diagnosing (and staging, if applicable) a condition Examples include breast biopsy after an abnormal finding on a mammogram and joint arthroscopy.
What is the best classification for surgery when a client with Crohn’s disease has a colostomy?
a. Preventative
b. Reconstructive
c. Curative
d. Palliative
D
Palliative surgery is performed to increase the quality of life (often to reduce pain) while reducing stressors on the body; non-curative in nature. Examples include ileostomy creation, stent placement to alleviate obstruction, and thoracentesis to drain fluid to reduce pain.
A client with appendicitis is to have an uncomplicated appendectomy performed. What is the best classification for this surgery?
a. Elective
b. Curative
c. Diagnostic
d. Minor
B
Curative surgery is performed to resolve a health problem by repairing or removing the cause. Examples include removal of cancerous tumor and removal of gallbladder or appendix (as long as the appendix has not ruptured and the surgery is uncomplicated).
An older client is having a cataract-removal surgery. What is the best category for this surgery?
a. Urgent
b. Emergent
c. Elective
d. Cosmetic
C
An elective surgery is performed to correct a non-acute problem. Examples include cataract removal, hernia repair, hemorrhoidectomy, and total joint replacement.
A hypertensive client with a large abdominal aortic aneurysm is having a surgical repair. What is the best category for this surgery?
a. Urgent
b. Emergent
c. Radical
d. Curative
B
An emergent surgery requires immediate intervention because of life-threatening consequences. Examples include a gunshot or stab wound, severe bleeding, abdominal aortic aneurysm, compound fracture, and appendectomy that is ruptured or at risk of rupture.
