9) Collectivisation Flashcards
How did farmers farm before Collectivisation?
They farmed strips of land using horse drawn wooden ploughs.
Who were the Kulaks?
Richer peasants
What happened in 1927?
There was a war scare which led to peasants hoarding grain
What method did Stalin use to seize grain in 1927?
The Urals-Siberian method
In what year was Collectivisation introduced?
1928
What were collective farms know as?
Kolkhoz
What was Collectivisation?
Peasants would give up their own plots of land to come together their land with other families (forming Kolkhozs). They would have to provide a fixed amount of food for the state in exchange for a small wage.
What could peasants keep?
A small surplus (extra food farmed)
What did the Kolkhoz own?
Animals, grain supplies and the buildings in the village.
How many Kolkhovs were there by 1940?
Approximately 240,000
How many peasant families would normally be in a Kolkhovz?
Normally around 80 (farming 500 hectares of land)
What happened if peasants opposed Collectivisation?
They were labelled Kulaks and deported to the Gulags in Siberia and the Urals.
Approximately how many ‘Kulaks’ were killed by de-kulakisation squads?
30,000
Approximately how many peasants were deported to the gulags?
10 million
How many peasants died in the famine of 1932-33
Approximately 6 million
