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ExAC Exam 4 > 9 Bidding & Contract Negotiation > Flashcards

9 Bidding & Contract Negotiation Flashcards

1
Q

List the contract form & type of const. delivery for each:

CCDC 2

CCDC 3a

CCDC 3b

CCDC 4

CCDC 5

DOC 14

A

CCDC 2

  1. Stipulated Price Contract
  2. Design-Bid-Build

CCDC 3a

  1. Cost Plus Contract (% or fixed fee)
  2. Design-Bid-Build

CCDC 3b

  1. Cost Plus Contract (guaranteed max. price)
  2. Time & Materials

CCDC 4

  1. Unit Price Contract
  2. Max Upset Price

CCDC 5

  1. Canadian Standard CM Contract Form btwn O CM
  2. Construction Management

DOC 14

  1. Design-Build Stip. Price Contract
  2. Design-Build
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2
Q

List the 4 main types of project delivery:

A
  1. Design-Bid-Build
  2. Construction Management
  3. Design-Build
  4. Public Private Partnership (p3)
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3
Q

List the advantages of a design-bid-build project: (5)

A
  • common/familiar
  • clear roles
  • transparent
  • design resolution prior to constr.
  • direct professional relationship w O & A
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4
Q

List the disadvantages of a design-bid-build project:

A
  • no constr. input during design
  • O see more ‘extras’
  • GC unknown during design/CDs
  • Contracts (Public - go to low bid)
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5
Q

Why would an Owner add a CM to the team? (3)

A

to oversee:

  1. schedule
  2. cost
  3. construction method
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6
Q

What does the organizational structure of Design-Build project w Bridging look like?

A
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7
Q

What are the 2 phases of a Design Build project delivery method.

A
  • Phase 1 Design Builder (DB) provides design within budget
    • may be in competition with other DBs
  • Phase 2 Stip-Price Contract
    • may include a cost plus fee agreement
    • savings accrue to owner
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8
Q

When & why is the P3 project delivery method used?

A

USE: Very large infrastructure projects

or bundles of smaller projects of the same type

WHY: Private can administer more efficiently /quickly than public

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9
Q

What are the advantages of a P3 project delivery method? (5)

A
  • uses efficiencies & expertise of private sector
  • life cycle costs reduced if operated by private
  • single point of responsibility
  • reduced time /const. sched
  • design often deciding factor in proposal selection
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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of a P3 project delivery method? (5)

A
  • transfers risk to private sector
  • ‘best value’ not always acheived (more like best$$)
  • lack of communication btwn O and A
  • building users have less control over outcome
  • prof liability ins. hard to get (particularly for small firms)
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11
Q

Who should seriously consider using a ‘bridging’ or ‘advocate’ architect on a design-build project?

A

Less sophisticated Owners, who do not have in-house architectural, engineering or
project management expertise

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12
Q

What are the 3 possible roles for a CM and their corresponding contract forms?

A
  1. CM as Advisor - CCDC 5a
    • O contracts each of the 3 parties separately
    • higher administrative costs
    • can confuse roles & responsibilities
  2. CM as Agent - CCDC 5b
    • O contract w CM who directly engages Prime and GC on behalf of O
    • construction risk not know until end
    • risk flows to owner
  3. CM as Constructor
    • hired prior to completion of design
    • shifts all risk to GC
    • typ. more expensive
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13
Q

What are the advantages of a design-build project delivery method? (3)

A
  1. single point of responsibility
  2. typically faster than traditional method
  3. In DB competition, GC more motivated to provide cost savings /value
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14
Q

What are some disadvantages of the Design-Build project delivery method?

A
  1. cost savings could be in conflict w building quality & maintenance costs
  2. More complex process than CM
  3. The owner is disconnected from the DB Architect
  4. More risk than CM
  5. Architects & engineers are disconnected from owner
  6. Too difficult /costly for one-off building types

*w bridging:

CM is often faster

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15
Q

What project delivery method often takes the name ‘Project Management’?

A

CM as Agent (representing Owner)

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16
Q

What are the pros(2) and cons(2) of PM project delivery?

A

+ Well informed O better able to choose based on quality vs. cost.

+ Better quality design when arch can draw on PM experience

  • not permitted by most provinces??
  • unless arch has direct link w O, PM can implement cost savings changes that lower quality
17
Q

What other project delivery method is a ‘Turnkey’ development most like?

A

aka Design-Build by developer

In this contract the DB entity takes on added responsibility of acquiring land, dps and financing. The O does not take financial responsibility until the project is complete.

18
Q

What types of projects are best suited for a cost plus delivery method? (3)

A
  1. Good for fast projects
    • (can start b4 design complete)
  2. Good when high quality needed
  3. Good for unknowns

**CCDC 3

19
Q

What risks are associated with Cost Plus project delivery? (3)

A
  1. no incentive to avoid cost overrun
  2. project $ unknown
  3. not allowed for public proj.
20
Q

What are 3 common ways to calculate the GC fee for Cost Plus projects?

A
  1. agreed upon fixed sum
  2. % of cost of work
  3. % of cost of work to max upset
21
Q

What does CCDC stand for?

A

Canadian Construction Documents Committee

22
Q

What are the 7 steps of bidding & tendering?

A
  1. Decide how O will Obtain Bids
  2. Preparing Bid Package
  3. Distribution of Bid Docs
  4. Addenda
  5. Bid Period & Bid Closing
  6. Analysis of Bids
  7. Contract Award
23
Q

On an open bid, the notice of tender should include what information? (9)

A
  1. name/location of proj
  2. name of O/A
  3. size/type proj.
  4. bid close date
  5. how to obtain bid docs
  6. security rqrmnts
  7. date/location of pre-bid
  8. construction start/end dates
  9. form of contract
24
Q

What is the usefulness of a bond?

A

It guarantees that the GC will stisfactorily perform the work outlined in the contract.

25
Q

What are the 3 main types of bonds?

A
  1. Bid Bond (CCDC 220)
  2. Performance Bond (CCDC 221)
  3. Labour & Materials Bond (CCDC 222)
26
Q

What is a good rule of thumb when estimating an appropriate performance bond value?

A

50% or 100% of contract amount

**does not cover costs of labour & material

27
Q

When distributing bids and addenda to contractors, it is important to track what?

A

Who is being provided with the documents.

28
Q

What is the function of a bid depository?

A

These are operated by local construction associations. They collect and register bids from subs/suppliers and supply them to GCs.

29
Q

An addendum should be issued NO LATER than this time.

A

4 working days prior to bid close

30
Q

What is a good rule of thumb for the length of a bid period?

  1. large/complex project (open bid)
  2. small (invited)
A
  1. 4-6 weeks
  2. 2 weeks
31
Q

When is the ideal time/day to close a bid? (3)

A
  1. not on a Mon, Fri, or following a holiday
  2. mid-afternoon
  3. best to indicate ‘before’ 2pm rather than ‘on’ or ‘at’
32
Q

What is announced at the bid opening?

A
  1. Bidder’s Name
  2. Base Bid Amount only
  3. rqrd bid/security bond
33
Q

If it is in the architect’s services to perform an analysis of bids, what 8 aspect of the bid should be compared?

A
  1. COMPLETENESS
    • inclusion of all addenda
  2. BID AMOUNT
  3. PROPOSED CONST. START/END
  4. SUB-CONTRACTORS LISTED
    • inc. follow up of references
  5. MANUFACTURERS / SUPPLIERS
    • inc. follow up of references
  6. ALTERNATIVES
  7. UNIT PRICES
34
Q

If the architect has prepared an analysis of the bids for the client what 3 letters/notifications should follow the analysis?

A
  1. Letter to Client reporting on bids
    • List price of each compliant bid
    • Describe recommended bid:
      • const. time
      • bid $ + alternates
  2. Letter of Acceptance (***not letter of intent = bad practice)
    • to successful GC
    • allows GC to start work ASAP while contract drafted
  3. Notification to unsuccessful bidders
    • must be done promptly so they can arrange bonds and bid on other work
35
Q
A

ExAC Exam 4 (4 decks)

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