8th Grade Fall Semester History Final

Question 1

Fertile Crescent

Answer 1

Today=Iraq, form of government=theocracy

Question 2

The Cycle of Empire

Answer 2

Quick and successive empire replacement in Mesopotamia

Question 3

Sargon of Akkad

Answer 3

First ruler to unite Mesopotamia, reigned 2334-2284 B.C.

Question 4

Epic of Giligamesh

Answer 4

Poem praising Giligamesh, written in 2000 B.C.

Question 5

Hammurabi

Answer 5

Ruler of Mesopotamia, discerning king, writer of the Code of Hammurabi, reigned 1792-1750 B.C.

Question 6

Nile River

Answer 6

Giant river that runs through Burundi, Tanzania, Uganda, and Ethiopia. Provided water to the people of Egypt’s first settlements

Question 7

Narmer

Answer 7

King of Egypt, began his reign in 3000 B.C. Narmer wore a double crown, one of Upper Egypt and one of Lower Egypt, The Two Lands. Narmer conquered Lower Egypt

Question 8

Theocracy

Answer 8

A form of government in which a pharaoh or priest rules and represents a god

Question 9

Hyksos

Answer 9

Invaders of Egypt, ruled from 1630-1523 B.C. Hyksos means “rulers of foreign lands” in ancient Egyptian

Question 10

New Kingdom Era

Answer 10

Egypt’s third Era of glory, ended in 1070 B.C.

Question 11

The Covenant

Answer 11

The promise made between God and Abraham, King who had lived in Ur, Mesopotamia. Abraham, his family and their herds all moved to Canaan around 1800 B.C. The descendants of Abraham moved to Egypt around 1650 B.C.

Question 12

Solomon

Answer 12

Son of David, King of Israel, known for being led astray from god by his many Moabite, Ammonite, Edomite, Sidonian, and Hittite wives, ruled from 970-931 B.C.E.

Question 13

Mohenjo-Daro

Answer 13

Largest city of the Indus Valley civilization. Almost everyone had a private bathroom in Mohenjo- Daro

Question 14

Brahmin

Answer 14

Speaks the word of god in ancient India

Question 15

Siddhartha Gautama

Answer 15

The Buddha, when he was little he was destined to either become a world-ruler or a universal spiritual leader, the Buddha set out to get enlightened, sat under a tree so long he got enlightened, Buddha preached his first sermon to five companions, Siddhartha learned the four noble truths. 1. Life is filled with suffering and sorrow, 2. Greed is the cause of suffering, 3. End greed, end suffering, 4. The way to achieve greedlesness is to follow the Eightfold Path, the Middle Way between desires and self-denial

Question 16

Iron technology

Answer 16

Iron weapons and chariots, one of the first people to use this were the Hittites

Question 17

Assyrian method of Empire

Answer 17

Cruel but effective beurocracy

Question 18

Cyrus the Great

Answer 18

King of Persia, ruled from 550-539 B.C., known for respecting the people he conquered, ruled from the Indus River to East Anatolia

Question 19

Satrap

Answer 19

Ruler who rules a local area in Persia

Question 20

Royal road

Answer 20

Famous long road in ancient Persia, ran from Susa, Persia to Sardis, Anatolia (1,677 miles)

Question 21

Mycenaeans

Answer 21

Inhabitants of Mycenae, moved from Europe, India, and Southeast Asia to Greece

Question 22

Agamemnon

Answer 22

Son of King Atreus and Queen Aerope, brother of Menelaus, husband of Clytemnestra, father of Iphigenia, Electra, Orestes, and

Question 23

Achilles

Answer 23

His mother was Thetis, his father was King Peleus. Was dipped in the river Styx which gave him superior strength. Was kept from war by his mother

Question 24

Oligarchy

Answer 24

A government in which the rich rule

Question 25

Cleisthenes

Answer 25

Reforming the constitution of Athenian laws gave him the name of Father of Athenian democracy

Question 26

Helots

Answer 26

Peasants forced to stay on the land they worked in Laconia and Messenia. Since the ration of helots to citizens was 8;1,

Question 27

Utilitarianism(Sparta)

Answer 27

All people contribute to the society in some way. All the thing Spartans do is for the benefit of Sparta.

Question 28

Persian Wars

Answer 28

War between Persia and Greek City-states

Question 29

Pericles

Answer 29

Wise and able statesman, led Athens for much of the Golden Age

Question 30

The Delian League

Answer 30

Association of Greek City-states, founded in 470 B.C., led by Athens, formed in order to fight the Persians

Question 31

Peloponnesian War

Answer 31

War between Athens and Sparta, lasted from 431-404 B.C., caused by political reforms that Sparta didn’t approve of

Question 32

Plato

Answer 32

Student of Socrates, famous philosopher, teacher of Aristotle who taught Alexander the Great, died at the age of 80 years old

Question 33

Philip ll

Answer 33

Ruler of Macedon, ruled from 359-336 B.C.

Question 34

Alexander the Great

Answer 34

Became king in 336 B.C., Ruler of Greece, Egypt, and most of the old Persian empire, student of Aristotle, died in 324 B.C.

Question 35

Mauryan Empirw

Answer 35

Kingdom in India, Stretched more than 2,000 miles, fell apart around 232 B.C.

Question 36

Ashoka the Great

Answer 36

Chandragupta’s son, ruled of the Mauryan Empire, died in 232 B.C.

Question 37

Merchant in India

Answer 37

Bottom of the cast system