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Science 8-Compton > 8th Grade > Flashcards

8th Grade Flashcards

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1
Q

Compounds

A
  • made of two or more different atoms
  • form ionic bonds(lose or gain electrons) and covalent bonds(share)
  • chemical reaction
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2
Q

Mixtures

A

-made of compounds and elements mixed together

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3
Q

Colloids

A

Particles suspended

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4
Q

Suspension

A

Particles fall to bottom

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5
Q

Solute

A

Material that is dissolved

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6
Q

Solvent

A

Liquid that does the dissolving

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7
Q

Heterogeneous

A

Different throughout

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8
Q

Homogeneous

A

Same throughout

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9
Q

Physical change

A

Change in size, shape, or state

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10
Q

Chemical change

A

Turns substance into a new substance

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11
Q

Nuclear

A

Fusion(joining atoms nuclei)

-fission(splitting an atom)

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12
Q

Physical property

A

Describes matter, appearance, observations with senses

-color, shape, texture

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13
Q

Chemical property

A

Describes how easy matter can undergo a chemical change

-flammable, combustion

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14
Q

Who first created the periodic table?

A

Mendeleev

  • was arranged by atomic mass
  • later was rearranged by Henry Moseley (arranged by atomic number)
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15
Q

Period

A

Row, number of energy levels in electron cloud

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16
Q

Group

A

Column, grouped by families with like properties

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17
Q

Common groups

A

Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, halogens, and noble gases

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18
Q

What are the steps to the scientific method?

A
  1. Question/problem
  2. Research
  3. Hypothesis
  4. Experiment
  5. Analyze data
  6. Conclusion
  7. Communication
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19
Q

Control

A

What you’re comparing everything to

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20
Q

Independent variable

A

You control, the one that changes

-always in the x axis

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21
Q

Dependent variable

A

What happens, the results

-always on the y axis

22
Q

Scientific conversion

A 
Kilo-1000
Hecto-100
Deca-10
Base-1(meter, liter, gram)
Deci-1/10
Centi-1/100
Milli-1/1000
•remember: King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
23
Q

Area

A

A=L•W

-centimeters squared

24
Q

What is the unit for length?

A

Centimeters

25
Q

Volume

A

V=L•W•H

-centimeters cubed or milliliters

26
Q

What is absolute zero and boiling/freezing points of water?

A
  • Absolute zero: 0K or -273°C
  • Boiling: 212°F or 100°C
  • Freezing: 32°F or 0°C
27
Q

What do you use to measure mass?

A

Triple beam balance

-measured in grams

28
Q

What is weight measured in?

A

Newtons (spring scale) or water displacement (milliliters)

29
Q

Force =?

A

F=M•A

-measured in newtons

30
Q

Density =?

A

D=M/V

-measured in g/mL or g/cm^3

31
Q

Energy

A

The ability to do work

32
Q

What are the uses for sound?

A

Ultrasounds and sonar sounds

33
Q

Frequency

A

Need of waves in a certain amount of time, determines pitch

34
Q

Amplitude

A

Height of wave, determines loudness

35
Q

Interference

A

Sound waves overlap

36
Q

Temperature

A

Atom movement(average kinetic energy)

37
Q

Absolute zero

A

Coldest temperature possible, no atom movement

38
Q

Conduction

A

Direct contact

39
Q

Convection

A

Travels in currents

40
Q

Radiation

A

Travels in waves

41
Q

Law of conservation of energy

A

Energy can’t be created or destroyed, only transferred

42
Q

Speed

A

Speed= distance/time

43
Q

Velocity

A

Speed and direction

44
Q

Acceleration

A

A change in velocity

45
Q

What are the six forms of energy?

A 
Mechanical
Electromagnet
Chemical
Thermal
Nuclear
Electrical
46
Q

What is the behavior of light?

A
  • Reflects: bounces off
  • Refracts: bends
  • Interference: light waves cancel each other out
  • Diffraction: light bends around barrier and spreads out
  • Convex: vexes out
  • Concave:caves in
47
Q

What are newtons three laws?

A
  1. Law of Inertia: an object in motion will stay in motion and an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted on by an outside force
  2. Force=mass•acceleration
  3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
48
Q

Force

A

A push or pull (gravity, friction, nuclear)

49
Q

Work

A

Transfer of force over a distance and must have motion (Work=force•distance)

50
Q

Power

A

Work done in a period of time (Power=work/time)

-units: watts

51
Q

What are the six simple machines?

A

Lever, pulley, wheel and axle, wedge, screw, inclined plane

52
Q

Elements

A
  • made up of same atoms

- arranged on periodic table by the number of protons

Science 8-Compton (3 decks)

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