8C- Respiration Flashcards
Word equation for respiration:
Glucose + Oxygen ➡️ Water + Carbon dioxide
Define respiration
Respiration is a chemical reaction, used to break down glucose to release energy. This is done in every cell in the body
What is breathing?
It is a physical action to when your rib cage moves up and out, inflating your lungs, contracting the muscles in your diaphragm
The role of the lungs:
To ensure gas exchange happens efficiently. This means to take the needed oxygen and to take the carbon dioxide out.
Role of mucus in lungs:
It keeps the lungs clean. In the airways of the lungs, there is a lining of cells called ciliates epithelial cells. Other cells like goblet cells produce mucus. This collects dust and microbes. The cilia then sweeps away the mucus.
Why do smokers have a disadvantage?
The chemicals and heat in cigarettes stops cilia from working. This is bad because the cilia can’t sweep up dirty mucus which will cause dust infections
Route air takes when you exhale:
👅+👃🏼 ➡️ trachea ➡️ bronchus➡️ bronchioles➡️alveoli
Explain gas exchange in the lungs
- Process of diffusion
- air particles move from high to low concentration
- the journey the air goes through
- majority of O2 (alveoli)
- majority of CO2 (capillaries)
- diffuses in the walk of the bloodstream (O2)
- carbon dioxide does the same but in the other direction to be breathed out again
How are the alveoli and the lungs adapted to be efficient for gas exchange
- large surface area
- good blood supply
- maintain a steep concentration gradient between lungs and blood
- short diffusion root ( alveoli is only 1 cell thick for faster work)
How does oxygen get to the rest of the body?
The oxygen route:
- lungs ➡️ 🔴 blood cells
- binds to red pigment called haemoglobin to form ➡️ oxyhaemoglobin
- pumped to the 💖
- pumped out via the archeries and capillaries and into the rest of the 🚶🏻♀️
How does oxygen go into the capillary into the cells?
Oxygen leaves red blood cells and dissolved in the plasma
⬇️
It leaks through the tiny holes in the capillary to form tissue fluid
⬇️
This then carries oxygen and glucose to the cells
🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉 The cells could now use the oxygen and glucose to carry respiration to release energy!
What does MRE stand for when explaining respiration?
M : mitochondria
R : respiration
E: Energy
Why do Nitrogen levels stay the same during respiration?
Because it is not being used in the act of respiration. So it just goes in and out
Why do temperatures in exhaled air rise?
When respiration happens, energy is formed the the form of heat
What is formed during anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid (which causes sour pain in the muscles)
