8C Matter

Question 1

What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?

Answer 1

Groups

Question 2

What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called?

Answer 2

Periods

Question 3

Why are elements put in the same group?

Answer 3

They have similar properties

Question 4

Where do we find the metals and non-metals in the periodic table?

Answer 4

Metals on the left, Non-metals on the right

Question 5

Describe the properties of the transition metals.

Answer 5

Reactive metals, react with water to create an alkali solution

Question 6

What are the 3 subatomic particles called?

Answer 6

Protons, neutrons, electrons

Question 7

What do the number next to each element in the periodic table tell us?

Answer 7

How many subatomic particles in the element

Question 8

What is an isotope?

Answer 8

Different forms of the same element, with different numbers of subatomic particles

Question 9

Who was Demitri Mendeleev?

Answer 9

The scientist who made the basics of our modern periodic table.

Question 10

How did Mendeleev arrange the elements in his periodic table?

Answer 10

Atomic mass.

Question 11

How did Mendeleev group elements together?

Answer 11

By similar properties.

Question 12

Why did Mendeleev leave gaps in his table?

Answer 12

To leave gaps for undiscovered elements.

Question 13

How did Mendeleev predict the properties of the missing elements?

Answer 13

By using the properties of elements in the same group.

Question 14

Why did Mendeleev swap the places of Iodine and Tellurium?

Answer 14

Iodine had similar properties with other elements in the same group as tellurium and tellurium did not.

Question 15

How do we arrange our modern periodic table?

Answer 15

Atomic number.

Question 16

Describe the position of the alkali metals in the periodic table.

Answer 16

First group on the left.

Question 17

Explain why alkali metals are stored in oil.

Answer 17

To stop them from reacting with water vapour in the air.

Question 18

Explain why the group 1 metals are called alkali metals.

Answer 18

They react with water to form an alkaline solution

Question 19

Write a word equation to show the reaction between lithium and water.

Answer 19

Lithium + Water -> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 20

Describe the trends shown in the group 1 metals.

Answer 20

Reactivity increases down the group

Question 21

Describe the colour change of universal indicator when added to water after a reaction with an alkali metal.

Answer 21

Green to purple/ blue

Question 22

What colour flame can be seen when potassium reacts with water.

Answer 22

Lilac

Question 23

Write a word equation for the reaction of Rubidium with water.

Answer 23

Rubidium + Water -> Rubidium hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 24

What are the group 7 elements called?

Answer 24

The Halogens

Question 25

What do group 7 metals form when they react with metals?

Answer 25

Salts

Question 26

Describe the appearance of chlorine, bromine and iodine at room temperature.

Answer 26

Chlorine is yellow-green, and bromine is red-brown. Iodine crystals are shiny purple

Question 27

Describe the trend in melting and boiling point as you go down the group.

Answer 27

They increase

Question 28

Explain why fluorine and chlorine are gases at room temperature.

Answer 28

Their boiling points are below room temperature.

Question 29

Describe the trend in reactivity in group 7

Answer 29

Reactivity decreases down the group.

Question 30

Describe what the term displacement means.

Answer 30

One element replacing another in a compound.

Question 31

Explain why chlorine can displace bromine from a compound.

Answer 31

Chlorine is more reactive than bromine

Question 32

Which group contains unreactive gases?

Answer 32

Group 0- Noble gases

Question 33

Which group of elements would not be suitable for making jewelry?

Answer 33

Group 1

Question 34

Name a possible use for a transition metal.

Answer 34

Electrical appliances, jewelry

Question 35

Name a possible use for a group 7 element.

Answer 35

Disinfectants, antiseptics

Question 36

What can group 0 elements be used for?

Answer 36

To stop other elements reacting with each other

Question 37

What is the trend in melting point across the metals in period 2?

Answer 37

Increases

Question 38

What is the trend in melting point across the non-metals in period 2?

Answer 38

Decreases

Question 39

What is the trend in reactivity across period 2?

Answer 39

Reactivity decreases

Question 40

Define the term element.

Answer 40

An element is made up of only 1 type of atom.

Question 41

What is the difference between elements and compounds?

Answer 41

An element is made up of only 1 type of atom, compounds are made up of 2 or more different elements.

Question 42

Identify the chemical formula for a hydrogen and an oxygen molecule.

Answer 42

H2 and O2

Question 43

Which elements make up the sugar glucose? (C6H12O6)

Answer 43

Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 44

What is the ending of non-metal compounds?

Answer 44

-ide

Question 45

How many atoms of an element are in a compound when the name has the prefix 'mono'?

Answer 45

1

Question 46

How many atoms of an element are in a compound when the name has the prefix 'di'?

Answer 46

2

Question 47

How many atoms of an element are in a compound when the name has the prefix 'tri'?

Answer 47

3

Question 48

Describe the appearance of iron oxide.

Answer 48

Orange coloured coating/ black powder.

Question 49

Describe what a physical change is.

Answer 49

A change in state.

Question 50

Explain what a chemical change is.

Answer 50

Elements combine to form new compounds.

Question 51

What is a reactant?

Answer 51

The starting substance in a chemical reaction

Question 52

Describe the appearance of magnesium.

Answer 52

Shiny silver metal.

Question 53

Describe the appearance of magnesium oxide.

Answer 53

White powder.

Question 54

What is the difference between 2Mg and Mg2?

Answer 54

2Mg means two separate Mg atoms. Mg2 means two bonded Mg atoms

Question 55

Explain what a balanced equation is.

Answer 55

When the number of atoms on each side of an equation are balanced.

Question 56

Define the term polymer.

Answer 56

Chemicals made of long chains of repeating chemical units

Question 57

Name 2 possible polymers of glucose used in plants.

Answer 57

Starch and Cellulose

Question 58

What is a monomer?

Answer 58

A small molecules that builds up into polymers

Question 59

How does starch get broken down into glucose in a plant?

Answer 59

Enzymes break the bonds between monomers.

Question 60

What is the monomer of protein?

Answer 60

Amino acids

Question 61

What is the source of many common synthetic polymers?

Answer 61

Crude Oil

Question 62

What is it that makes polymers strong?

Answer 62

The large number of chemical bonds

Question 63

Explain why additional elements are added to rubber.

Answer 63

To make the rubber stronger.